清华大学跨文化课程2PPT学习教案

1、会计学1 清华大学跨文化课程清华大学跨文化课程2 Our most basic common link is that we all inhabit this planet . John F .Kennedy 第1页/共34页 第2页/共34页 Communication and Intercultural Communication CommunicationCulture and Communication Intercultural Communication Communication Defined Components of Communication Intercultural

2、Communication Defined Forms of Intercultural Communication Characteristics of Communication Dynamic Systemic Symbolic Irreversible Transactional Self-reflective Contextual 第3页/共34页 第4页/共34页 Text A: Communication 第5页/共34页 第6页/共34页 1. The definition of communication 第7页/共34页 Western Perspective of com

3、munication In western cultures, communication is studied as the means of transmitting ideas. Western cultures emphasize the instrumental function of communication; that is, effectiveness is evaluated in terms of success in the manipulation of others to achieve ones personal goal. 第8页/共34页 第9页/共34页 2

4、. Components of communication A sender/source is the person who transmits a message. A message is any signal that triggers the response of a receiver. Encoding refers to the activity during which the sender must choose certain words or nonverbal methods to send an intentional message. Encoding （编码）

5、Channel /Medium （渠道） Channel/Medium is the method used to deliver a message. Message （信息） Sender/Source （信息源） 第10页/共34页 Decoding （解码） Decoding is the activity during which the receiver attaches meaning to the words or symbols he/she has received. Receiver （信息接收者） A receiver is any person who notices

6、 and gives some meaning to a message. Feedback （反馈） The response of a receiver to a senders message is called feedback. Noise （干扰） Noise is a term used for factors that interfere with the exchange of messages, including external noise ，physiological noise, psychological noise and semantic noise. Noi

7、se is inevitable. 第11页/共34页 (1)External Noise Sounds that distract communicators: voices in the next room; annoying ring of someones cell phone in a meeting; etc. Other types of external noise that dont involve sound: an overcrowded room or a smelly cigar (2) Physiological Noise illnesses and disabi

8、lities (3) Psychological Noise forces with the sender or receiver that interfere with understanding: egotism; hostility; preoccupation; fear; etc. (4) Semantic Noise caused by using different languages; the use of jargon; different understanding of the message delivered; etc. 第12页/共34页 Picture Analy

9、sis What are the components of communication reflected in the following picture? 第13页/共34页 a. Communication is dynamic b. Communication is systematic c. Communication is symbolic d. Communication is irreversible e. Communication is transactional f. Communication is self-reflective g. Communication i

10、s contextual. 第14页/共34页 第15页/共34页 a. Communication is dynamic Communication is an ongoing activity. It is not fixed. A word or action does not stay frozen when you communicate; it is immediately replaced with yet another word or action. 第16页/共34页 b. Communication is systematic （系统性的） Communication d

11、oes not occur in isolation or in a vacuum, but rather is part of a larger system. We send and receive messages not in isolation, but in a specific setting. Setting and environment help determine the words and actions we generate. Dress, language, topic selection, and the like are all adapted to cont

12、ext. 第17页/共34页 c. Communication is symbolic （符号性的） Symbols are central to the communication process because they represent the shared meanings that are communicated. A symbol is a word, action, or object that stands for or represents a unit of meaning. Peoples behaviors are frequently interpreted sy

13、mbolically, as an external representation of feelings, emotions, and internal states. 第18页/共34页 第19页/共34页 第20页/共34页 第21页/共34页 第22页/共34页 第23页/共34页 The relationship between culture and communication is compared to the relationship between a map and a journey. How do you understand and interpret this s

14、imile? 第24页/共34页 第25页/共34页 Text D Pre-reading Task: Imagine you are organizing an international summer camp with children coming from different countries. What of the followings should be your main concerns: problems between children of different races. problems between children of the same culture.

15、 problems between children of different cultures. problems between children who share the same nationality but not the same race. 第26页/共34页 2. Forms of Intercultural Communication a. International Communication b. Interethnic Communication c. Interracial Communication d. Intracultural Communication

16、1. Intercultural Communication Defined Intercultural communication refers to communication between people whose cultural perception and symbol system are distinct enough to alter the communication event. 第27页/共34页 a. International communication International communication takes place between nations

17、 and governments rather than individuals; it is quite formal and ritualized(仪式化) . United Nations Conference 第28页/共34页 b. Interethnic communication Ethnic groups usually form their own communities in a country or culture. These groups share a common origin or heritage that is apt to influence family names, language, religion, values, and the like. 第29页/共34页 c. Interracial communication Interracial communication occurs when the sender and the receiver exchanging messages are from different races. 第30页/共34页 d. Intracu