定语从句专讲

1、五家渠一中五家渠一中 胡影胡影 什么是定语从句呢？ 答：修饰前面某一名词或代词的答：修饰前面某一名词或代词的 从句叫定语从句。从句叫定语从句。 Mary is a beautiful girl. Mary is a girl who has long hair. 形容词作定语形容词作定语 句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句 Mary is a girl. Mary has long hair. 合并为一个句子合并为一个句子 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 结构：先行词结构：先行词 +关系词关系词 + 定语从句定语从句 关系代词

2、关系代词关系副词关系副词 关系词关系词 关系代词关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词关系副词: when, where, why 关系词作用：关系词作用： 1.1.代替先行词代替先行词; ; 2.2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分; ; 3.3.把主句和从句连起来把主句和从句连起来 关系词跟在先行词之后，它的关系词跟在先行词之后，它的。 关系词判关系词判 断断 步步 骤骤 : v首先，要看先行词。当先行词是人时，用首先，要看先行词。当先行词是人时，用who, that, whom, whose引导。当先行词是物时，用引导

3、。当先行词是物时，用which 或或that引导。引导。 v然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表 先行词 主格 宾格 所有格 人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,of which 1. that 指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略 ) He is the man (that) I told you about. A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can f

4、ly. He is the man. I told you about him. 2. which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省作宾语可省 略略, 如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees. The trees were planted last year. Is this the library from which you borrow books? These are the trees which were planted last year. Is this the library (which) you borrow bo

5、oks from? Is this the library? You borrow books from the library. 3. who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略) The man (who) I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief. 4. whom指人指人, ,作宾语作宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, ,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) ) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. Th

6、e man to whom I nodded is Mr. Li. 5. whose 表示所属关系。表示所属关系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman. The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate. 小结： that 既可指人，也可指物 which指物 who 指人。who做主语, whom作宾语 所有的whom都可以用who来代替。 关系代词关系代词作主语不能省略，作宾语时可，作宾语时可 省略省略 【运用】【运用】 将下列各题中的两个句子合并为含有将下列各题

7、中的两个句子合并为含有 that或或which引导的定语从句的复合句。引导的定语从句的复合句。 1. The pot is very expensive. It was used by my mom yesterday. _ _ The pot that / which was used by my mom yesterday is very expensive. 2. The magazine is mine. You read it this morning. _ _ 3. The dog is cute. Tom is looking after it. _ _ The magazine

8、 (that / which) you read this morning is mine. The dog (that / which) Tom is looking after is cute. 4. That is the most interesting film. She has seen the film. _ _ That is the most interesting film (that) she has seen. 选用选用that, who, whom 或或 which填空。填空。 1. The girl _ you saw at the meeting is a good swimmer. 2. The town _ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before. 3. April 1st is a day _ is called Apr