高中英语复习必修三第四单元2

1、Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the stars 一、单词拼写一、单词拼写 根据读音、性和词义写出下列单根据读音、性和词义写出下列单 词。词。 1._ n. 天文学家天文学家 2._ n.大气层大气层 3._ adj.猛烈的猛烈的 4._ vt.&vi.使爆发使爆发 5._ n. 系统系统 6._ adj. 有害的有害的 7._ n. 发展发展 8._ _ adj.全球性的全球性的 9._ vi.依靠依靠 10._ vi.存在存在 astronomer violent explode development global depend exist atmosph

2、ere system harmful 11._ n.出席出席 12._ adj.失望的失望的 13._ adv.逐渐地逐渐地 14._ n.重力重力 15._ vt.减少减少 16._ vt.&vi.使高兴使高兴 17._ n.方法方法 18._ adv.一般地一般地 19._ vt.耗尽耗尽 presence disappointed gradually gravity lessen cheer method generally exhaust 重点短语重点短语 1 及时；最终，迟早 2 下蛋 3 分娩 4 依次，轮流 5 阻止；制止 in time lay eggs give birth

3、to in turn prevent.from 6 挡住(光线) 7 感到高兴；感到振奋 8 既然 9 突发；爆发 10 密切注视；当心；提防 cheer up block out now that break out watch out (for) 二、单词运用二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填 入一个适当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填入一个适当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填 空。空。 1. As a young man he didnt know he was _ world fame later on. (win) 2. Mos

4、t parents dont allow their children _ because it does harm to health. (smoke ) 3. he sent me a gift made me happy . 4. he sent me made me happy . 5. It is a surprise Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system. to win to smoke That What that 6. A great dust cloud formed in the sky out

5、 the sunlight. ( block) 7. The universe began a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. 8. As for me, you can pass the exam _on whether you will work harder than before . 9. Zhang Ming as well as I the members of the foot team .both of us are of playing football. 10. The rain prevent us from

6、 out for picnic this afternoon. blocking with will depend whether is playing 11. in all directions _ 12. sooner or later _ 13.In a friendly atmosphere _ 14.lessen _ 15.be fundamental to _ 16. cool down _ 17. get the hang of _ 19. pull /push _ 20. at a time _ 每次每次, ,一次一次 四面八方四面八方 迟早迟早 在友好的气氛中在友好的气氛中

7、减少减少 是是的基础的基础 冷却下来冷却下来 熟悉熟悉, , 理解理解 拉拉/ /推推 1puzzle vt. 使困惑；使糊涂使困惑；使糊涂n. 难题；谜难题；谜 puzzling adj. 令人困惑的令人困惑的 puzzled adj. 感到困惑的感到困惑的 puzzle about/over sth. 苦苦思索；仔细琢磨苦苦思索；仔细琢磨 puzzle sth. out 琢磨出琢磨出的答案；开动脑筋的答案；开动脑筋 be in a puzzle about sth. 对某事迷惑不解对某事迷惑不解 set a puzzle for sb.(set sb. a puzzle) 出个谜语叫某人猜

8、出个谜语叫某人猜 be puzzled by 被被迷惑迷惑 即学即练即学即练3(1)Its quite _ _ _ us why he did that. 他为何做那样的事，他为何做那样的事，我们完全搞不懂我们完全搞不懂。 (2)This sentence _ me. 这个句子令我困惑这个句子令我困惑。 (3)I _ _ how to solve the problem. 我不知道怎样解决这个问题我不知道怎样解决这个问题。 (4)The question is _ to me. 这个问题令我困惑这个问题令我困惑。 apuzzleto puzzles waspuzzled puzzling 2e

9、xist vi. 存在；生存；维持生活存在；生存；维持生活 existent adj. 存在的，现存的存在的，现存的existence n. 存在，生存存在，生存 There exists/existed.某地有某地有，存在存在 exist in 存在于存在于之中之中 exist on 靠靠为生为生 exist by 靠靠生存生存 come into existence 开始存在；成立开始存在；成立 bring into existence 使发生使发生，产生产生 即学即练即学即练2(1)_ always _ a force of attraction between two bodies.

10、两物体间总是存在着吸引力。两物体间总是存在着吸引力。 (2)They _ _ very little food. 他们靠极少的食物来生存他们靠极少的食物来生存。 (3)That word doesnt _ in English. 英语中没有这个词英语中没有这个词。 Thereexists existon exist 1.Please _ the book where it was. 2.He _ in bed all day yesterday, and that was unlike him. 3.The naughty boy _ to me that the hen _ there ju

11、st now had _ two eggs 。 4.Guangzhou _ in the south of China. 中文中文动词原形动词原形 三三 人称单数人称单数 过去式过去式过去分词过去分词现在分词现在分词 撒谎撒谎 vi. lieliesliedliedlying 躺、位躺、位 于于 vi. lielieslaylainlying 放置、放置、 下蛋下蛋vt. laylayslaidlaidlaying lay lay lied lyinglaid lies 3. in time/at a time/at one time/on time/in no time/at times/a

12、t no time in time及时；总有一天；终于及时；总有一天；终于 on time按时按时 at one time曾经，曾经，一度一度 at a time一次一次，同时同时 at times有时有时 at no time决不决不，在任何时候都不在任何时候都不 in no time立刻立刻，马上马上 1. (2010模拟模拟)_， I lost heart in English learning，but my teacher often said to me，“Keep on studying hard, and youll succeed_.” AAt a time；in time B

13、At a time；on time CAt one time；in time DAt one time；on time C 2(2009年江西景德镇模拟年江西景德镇模拟)Does he often ask you for help? Oh，no，only_. Aall the time Bat one time Cat a time Dat times D 活用活用 用用time 的相关短语填空的相关短语填空 (3)我马上就回来。我马上就回来。 Ill be back _. in no time (4)每次服两粒。每次服两粒。 Take two pills _. (5)从前他们在这些峡谷中采煤

14、。从前他们在这些峡谷中采煤。 _ they used to mine for coal in these valleys. at a time At one time 到了某人做某事的时间到了某人做某事的时间 This is the first time sb have done. 是某人第是某人第次做次做(完成时完成时) each/every time(在从句中作连词在从句中作连词) 每当每当，每次，每次 Its time for sb to do sth. Its time that sb.did/should do sth. I thought her nice and honest _

15、 I met her. (98Sh) A.first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time _ I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. A.Every time B. Every time that C. Each time when D. When that c A 4in ones turn轮到某人；接着轮到某人；接着 in turn依次；轮流；转而；反过来依次；轮流；转而；反过来 by turns轮流；交替轮流；交替 take ones turn

16、轮到某人做轮到某人做了了 take turns依次；轮班依次；轮班，轮流轮流 on the turn正在转变正在转变，正在变化正在变化 out of turn不合时宜地不合时宜地，鲁莽地鲁莽地 练练4(1)The girls called out their names _ _. 那些女孩儿逐一报出了自己的名字。那些女孩儿逐一报出了自己的名字。 (2)We make every effort to make more films, and _ _ this creates further environmental pollution. 我们在竭力生产出更多的电影我们在竭力生产出更多的电影，反

17、过来这又造成了进一步的反过来这又造成了进一步的 环境污染环境污染。 inturn in turn (3)We kept watch _ _. We _ _ to keep watch. 我们轮流守望我们轮流守望。 byturns took turns 5prevent.from 阻止；制止阻止；制止 stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事 keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事 protect sb. from.保护某人不受保护某人不受侵袭侵袭，挡住挡住，防御防御 keep sb. doing sth. 让某人

18、一直做某事让某人一直做某事 练练5(1)What can we do to _ this disease _ _？我们能做什么来防止这种疾病蔓延呢？我们能做什么来防止这种疾病蔓延呢？ (2)Dont _ others _ for long.不要让别人等太久。不要让别人等太久。 prevent/stop/keep fromspreading keep waiting 提示：提示：(1)在被动句中在被动句中 from 均不能省略。如：均不能省略。如： We were stopped/prevented/kept from going out by the heavy rain. 大雨使我们无法外出

19、。大雨使我们无法外出。 (2)protect.from.中中 from后接能带来伤害或损害之事物。如：后接能带来伤害或损害之事物。如： They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind. 他们挤在一起，免受风吹。他们挤在一起，免受风吹。 6cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋感到高兴；感到振奋 cheer sb. up 使某人高兴；使某人振奋使某人高兴；使某人振奋 cheer on 为为加油加油 cheer sb. 为某人喝彩为某人喝彩 with good cheer 欣然地欣然地 Cheers! 干杯！祝你健康！干杯！祝你健康

20、！(用于祝酒用于祝酒) 练练6(1)_ _！ The news isnt too bad. 振作一点吧！也不是什么太坏的消息。振作一点吧！也不是什么太坏的消息。 (2)Every time an English runner won a race, the crowd _.每次英国选手赢得赛跑冠军每次英国选手赢得赛跑冠军，观众就欢呼观众就欢呼。 (3)The crowd _ their favourite horse _. 观众都替他们看好的马加油观众都替他们看好的马加油。 Cheer up cheered cheeredon 7break out (战争、灾难、瘟疫等战争、灾难、瘟疫等)突发

21、；爆发突发；爆发(无被动语态无被动语态) The Second World War broke out in September 1939. “二战二战”是是1939年年9月爆发的月爆发的。 A fire broke out in the neighborhood last night. 昨晚居民区里发生了火灾昨晚居民区里发生了火灾。 拓展：拓展：break away from 脱离脱离(政党等政党等)；打破；打破(陈套等陈套等) break down 出故障，抛锚；出故障，抛锚；(计划等计划等)失败；失败；(身体、精神等身体、精神等) 垮掉；打倒，砸破；垮掉；打倒，砸破；(化合物等化合物等)

22、分解分解 break in 破门而入；闯入；打断破门而入；闯入；打断(话语等话语等) break into 破门而入，突然破门而入，突然起来起来 break off 折断；突然中止，断绝，结束折断；突然中止，断绝，结束 break through 突破突破 break up 打碎，拆散；散开，解散；打碎，拆散；散开，解散；(学校学校)期末放假，期末放假，(集会集会) 结束结束 break into pieces 成为碎片成为碎片 练练7介、介、副词填空副词填空 (1)She started to speak, then broke _ while a waitress served us wi

23、th coffee. (2)He lost his job and his marriage broke _. (3)Her health broke _ under the pressure of work. off up down 8watch out 注意；当心注意；当心 watch out(for) look out (for) 密切注意；留神密切注意；留神 take care 留神留神，注意注意 be careful 仔细仔细，留神留神 watch it 当心当心，小心小心 watch over 照看；看守照看；看守 keep a close watch/eye on 密切注视密切注视 练练8(1)_ _！ There is a car coming! 当心！有车来了！当心！有车来了！ (2)_ _ _ cars while crossing the road. 过马路时要当心车辆。过马路时要当心车辆。 (3)_ _ not to catch a cold._ _ not to catch a cold. 当心别着凉当心别着凉。 W