2009年高考英语书面表达基础讲与练

1、2009年高考英语突破书面表达基础讲与练Part A 写作基本理论1对英语句子的认识意义：英语的句式与中文的不同。我们在学习英语的时候要注意到这一点。有的同学在学习中对此没有足够的认识，常常受中文的干扰。在写作中表现出不能写出正确的句子。I. 什么是句子？长的是句子，短的是词。 无论字数多少，只要有主语和谓语（动词），而且能表达完整的意义的一句话就是一个句子。I am tired.Pressing ones palm together and resting ones head on the back of ones hand while closing the eyes as if slee

2、ping means “I am tired.”（双手合拢，闭上眼，把头靠在手背上像睡觉的样子，意思是说“我累了。”）这两个句子都具备了主语和谓语。都是完整的句子。要记住：在英语中，一个句子必须且只能有一个谓语。1. 省略主语的句子Come in, please. (You)Open the door. Sit down.Stand up.What a day! (What a terrible day it is!)2. 一个句子不能同时有两个谓语。典型错误：1) The old man likes take a walk in the village after supper. 2) I

3、enjoy talk with him over a cup of coffee.3) The boy ran to his mother cry.4) After write the notice, he put it up on the wall.3. 不要把从句的谓语当成句子的谓语, 或把主句的谓语当成从句的谓语。如果是一个复合句，主句和从句都应该分别有自己的主语和谓语。典型错误：1） 1） Those who eat too much will easily ill.2) When he walking in the park, he felt a little tired.3）Whe

4、n I at school, I studied very hard.II. Practice: 判断以下是否是句子。1. Birds can fly 2. The birds in the cage which I bought yesterday 3. Wait for me at the station 4. If you know how to play with words to make people laugh 5. A way of saying “Im sorry” 6. Patting the stomach before a meal 7. The bread my mo

5、ther makes is much better than what you can buy at the store. 8. To make friends in the school which was not far from my new home9. If you want to know what it feels like to fall through the air, take off in a rocket, fly a helicopter or fight alien creatures in outer space III. 常见的句子结构由于英语动词种类的不同，构

6、成了不同的句子类型。和中文不同的是，英语的动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。表达同一个意思时，有的是及物动词，有的就是不及物动词。如：表示“听” 这个意义时，listen 是不及物动词；hear是及物动词。表示 “看” 这个意义时，look是不及物动词，see, watch和 notice就是及物动词。表示 “到达”，arrive是不及物动词，reach是及物动词。不及物动词是不能接宾语的。只能加上一个介词，才能接宾语。如：listen to, look at, arrive in等等。1. 主语 + 不及物动词e.g.He came in.The airplane from Hong Kong

7、arrived at four p.m.On his arrival he went straight to the counter.To catch up with others, youd better work harder.How did the accident occur?In July, the ship set out for the Pacific. Australia has changed a lot in the past forty years.They lived by hunting animals, birds and fish.2. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语

8、常见的系动词有：be, seem, appear, become, go, get, grow, turn,look, sound, feel, taste, smelle.g. She is very happy. (She very happy.)I am a student.He became nervous when thinking of stealing.It is impossible to find a shop that is open after 5 p.m. in this area.We are proud of our friends.To become a top

9、gymnast, it is important to start when very young.Its much cheaper to camp than to stay in a hotel.It is useless trying to argue with him.I got caught in the traffic.Just then, the traffic light turned red.He seemed to have misunderstood you.3. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语e.g. We learn English at school.He wonder

10、ed whether Bill had managed to escape.I didnt mean to be so rude.Most people here earn their living by farming. We will send these goods to the flooded area.You must keep your word.I took some photos of some beautiful actress.I hope that one day I shall be able to repay you.被动：English is learnt at s

11、chool. These goods will be sent to the flooded area.4. 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语有些动词需要接两个宾语。间接宾语一般由人担任，直接宾语一般由物担任。give, offer, teach, tell, read, ask, bring, pass, lend, return, write, throw, allow, send,costmake, buy, do, get, save, cook, sing, find等。e.g. My brother gave me a book.Who sent you the co

12、mputer?My mother would read me a story before I went to bed.I wont tell you anything about it.Can you sing us an English song?Pass me the newspaper, please.这样的句子变为被动时可根据需要，将任何一个宾语作为句子的主语。e.g. I was given a book.A book was given to me.5. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补e.g. Unfortunately they find it difficult to

13、 repay this money.The growth in population made New York the largest city in the USA.Do you think it possible to finish it in one day?We are making our country more and more beautiful.【模拟试题】改错练习：1. Please speak louder so that everybody can listen you.2. Great changes have been taken place in my home

14、town.3. Listen! Someone knocking at the door.4. He told me dont call him before 9 oclock.5. Does your parents allow you make your own decision?6. Although it is only August, but the weather is getting worse daily.7. Because the professor had fallen ill, so he was not able to be present at the confer

15、ence.8. In Japan, a person sees the “OK” gesture may think it means money.9. When I past his room, I heard him singing an English song.Part B写作必备素材 叙事类外出活动、欣赏美景(日记) We decided to go out for a picnic. I had a pleasant outing with some of my classmates today. Early in the morning, we set off for the f

16、arm for a visit. When we reached the farm, we were given a warm welcome. They showed us around the farm(We were shown around the farm) , where we saw many kinds of plants. We caught sight of a stream with green grass and beautiful flowers on both sides. We were completely amazed at the wonder and th

17、e greatness of nature.(我们完全被大自然的奇妙和伟大折服了) We jumped and shouted like innocent (天真的) children. Once on the top of the hill/The moment we got to the top of the hill, we were deeply struck/attracted by the beautiful scenery. How we enjoyed the beautiful views from the top ! After being divided into gro

18、ups, we set to work at once. Some of us were getting water, some (were) cutting the meat and vegetables, and others (were) sitting on the grass enjoying music. Birds were singing sweetly in the trees and butterflies were dancing gracefully in the garden/fields. When lunch time came, we sat on the gr

19、assland, eating and drinking happily. The meal was so delicious that we enjoyed it very much. We sang and danced together to the music. Three hours had passed before we knew it. The time passed quickly before we knew it. It was time for us to go back when the sun started to go down. I spent the whol

20、e afternoon with our cousins, enjoying the fine scenery and fresh air in the country. At about four oclock in the afternoon, we said goodbye to them At four oclock in the afternoon we had to return. They came out to see us until we disappeared in the distance. On the way back, we were laughing and t

21、alking all the time. What a wonderful weekend we had! We enjoyed ourselves very much. Through these out-of class activities we can learn a lot of things that cant be learned in class. Although we were tired, we felt very happy. I think its our duty to cover our country with green.近年来高考英语书面表达中的复杂高级句1

22、. We can pay a visit to the museum, study computer and painting and many other things.2. We can watch news programs on TV, read books or newspapers in the evening. 3. I used to attend classes at school and deal with our homework in the day time.4. I used to have to work even at weekends doing endles

23、s homework and attending classes.5. I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street.6. The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road.7. On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another n

24、ew buildingour library.8. At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. 9. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes or stories.10. Then the head of the farm showed us around the farm. 11. The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. 12. My brother was

25、 riding with me sitting on the seat behind.13. Hope you dont have to wait as long as we did. 14. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.15. The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry and computer. 16. Last year I won first prize in the

26、 school computer competition. 17. After you enter the park by the main gate, walk straight on till you come to a stream. Cross the stream and turn right. After walking for a while youll come to a hill. Walk round to the other side of the hill. Then youll see a lake. 18. I have an announcement to mak

27、e.19. The students union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening, August 15, to welcome our friends from the United States.20. Remember to wrap up the small gift, sign your name and write a few words of good wishes.21. There will be music, dancing, singing, games and exchange of gift.22. One da

28、y my parents went to work in the fields taking my little sister and Ah Fu along.23. She was trying to pick a flower when she fell into the river.24. They saw Ah Fu swimming towards the bank carrying my little sister.25. At eight he became a member of the diving team in Guangdong Province.26. He stud

29、ied hard at school and trained hard for five years before he came to the national team.27. It was pretty hard on the children of the village who had to go to school in other villages which were all far away. 28. The teachers had finished middle school education before they returned to teach here.29.

30、 The pupils are divided into five different classes, in which six subjects are taught.30. Education is free for all children in the village.31. 60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fees. 32. They believe a public park should be free of charge.33. Charging entrance fees will no doubt

31、keep some people away. 34. 40% of the students think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and workers, and to buy plants and young trees.35. They suggest fees should be charged low.Part C 09年高考写作基本功训练 （词组部分）1. 给某人让座2. 跳到地上/桌上3. 下了一整天雨4. 听到呼救声5. 把带到安全地带6. 向某人道歉7. 给某人提建议

32、8. 得到好的治疗9. 接受某人的建议10. 加入球队/俱乐部/小组/委员会/公司11. 向某人解释12. 治愈某人的病13. 匆忙赶往医院/学校/邮局/派出所/火车站/汽车站/飞机场14. 提出付100元钱15. 收100元钱16. 付100元钱17. 打车18. 浑身湿透了19. 下载文件20. 外出钓鱼/爬山/郊游/游泳/划船/野营21. 转身离开22. 陷入沉思23. 返回取某物 24. 走过去看一看发生了什么25. 与某人同住一间房间/同打一把伞/同玩一件玩具/同一志趣26. 对某人大声喊叫27. 使劲移开那块大石头28. 背着一个沉重的包29. 去吃饭/开会/晚会/观光/聚会30.

33、 背负沉重的课业负担31. 约某人32. 顺道拜访某人33. 看家34. 跑过去搀扶盲人/老人35. 等候某人吃饭/开会/回家36. 下车37. 站在门口38. 坐在窗前39. 靠在墙上/树上40. 逆风而行41. 下大雨/大雪42. 刮大风43. 起雾44. 熟睡45. 举手46. 步行回家/开车回家/乘车回家/骑车回家47. 突然停止48. 把某人救到河岸上49. 结束50. 为某人喝彩09年高考写作基本功训练 （汉译英部分）1休息片刻后，我们就开始唱歌、跳舞、讲故事、说笑话，玩得可开心了。2在一家商店旁，有位妇女正在买冰激凌，这时有个小伙子从她身后抢了她的手提包就跑。3我校历年毕业的学生

34、中有不少人成了教授、工程师、记者以及其他领域的专家。4不论我今年是否能考上大学，我都要努力学习。5他告诉我看电影不但是一种休息，而且有助于增加知识，并获得更多的科技信息。6他们建议应收门票，但票价不宜太高。7我认为人口的增长应当得到控制，从而使我们未来的家园更加美好。8谨致以良好的祝愿，并代我问候你全家人好。9我相信你们定会度过又一个难忘的旅游日。10村里的孩子们在本村上小学都是免费的。11近年来我们的城市新建了不少的工厂，住房和街道。12很高兴收到你的来信，我将写信告诉你我校的情况。13午餐时，我们同祝爷爷生日快乐！14欢迎大家届时光临。 说你与贵班同学都在学汉语，我真的很高兴。 规划的目的

35、是使我们的学校变得更漂亮，让空气更清新，让我们的学校变成更有利于我们学习、生活的好地方。 我业余时间喜欢集邮，听音乐。 这时，我看见一辆黄色的轿车驶上了Third street, 一个右转弯上了Park Road. 或许你们不会像我们刚才那样等很久。 通过此事我认识到每个人都有自己的长处，无论才能大小都会成为有用之才。Part D书面表达周周练EX. 1 :作为中学生，你肯定经历过多次考试，体验过成功，也遭遇过失败。请你根据提示内容，简要概述中学生中普遍存在的对考试失败的两种态度，并结合自身实际，说明你的观点。消极态度积极态度你的结论当考试结果不尽人意时，情绪低落，丧失信心，不再继续努力当考试

36、失败时，-要求；1题目自拟； 2词数：100120。EX. 2 :假定你是张峰，一家英文报社邀请你调查一下中学生对网络使用的情况，并依据调查写一篇报道。请根据下表提供的信息，对你的调查作简要介绍，发给报社。主要用途出现的问题1、 阅读国内外新闻，学习英语2、发e-mail，欣赏音乐，看电影，玩游戏等3、网上购物1) 过多的在网上玩游戏，浪费了时间，影响了学业2）浏览不健康信息，对身心有害注意：1、词数：100左右 2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 3、文章开头已给出As we all know, the Internet is playing an important part in our

37、daily life.参考答案Part A 对英语句子的认识2. 一个句子不能同时有两个谓语。典型错误：1) The old man likes take a walk in the village after supper. The old man likes to take a walk in the village after supper.2) I enjoy talk with him over a cup of coffee.I enjoy talking with him over a cup of coffee.3) The boy ran to his mother cry.

38、The boy ran to his mother crying.4) After write the notice, he put it up on the wall.After writing the notice, he put it up on the wall.After he wrote the notice, he put it up on the wall.3. 不要把从句的谓语当成句子的谓语, 或把主句的谓语当成从句的谓语。如果是一个复合句，主句和从句都应该分别有自己的主语和谓语。典型错误：2） 1） Those who eat too much will easily il

39、l.Those who eat too much will easily get ill.2) When he walking in the park, he felt a little tired.When he was walking in the park, he felt a little tired.3）When I at school, I studied very hard.When I was at school, I studied very hard.II. Practice: 判断以下是否是句子。1. Birds can fly 是2. The birds in the

40、cage which I bought yesterday 不是3. Wait for me at the station 是4. If you know how to play with words to make people laugh不是5. A way of saying “Im sorry” 不是6. Patting the stomach before a meal不是7. The bread my mother makes is much better than what you can buy at the store. 是8. To make friends in the

41、school which was not far from my new home不是9. If you want to know what it feels like to fall through the air, take off in a rocket, fly a helicopter or fight alien creatures in outer space不是【模拟试题】改错练习：1. Please speak louder so that everybody can listen you.2. Great changes have been taken place in m

42、y hometown.3. Listen! Someone knocking at the door.4. He told me dont call him before 9 oclock.5. Does your parents allow you make your own decision?6. Although it is only August, but the weather is getting worse daily.7. Because the professor had fallen ill, so he was not able to be present at the

43、conference.8. In Japan, a person sees the “OK” gesture may think it means money.9. When I past his room, I heard him singing an English song.【试题答案】1. listenhear2. 去掉been3. knocking is knocking4. dont not to 5. make to make6. 去掉but7. 去掉so8. seeswho sees 9. past passed或 past walked past基本功训练词组翻译参考答案1.

44、 give / offer ones seat to sb2. jump onto the ground/ table3. keep on raining all the day4. hear a cry/shout for help5. carry sb to safety6. apologize to sb for sth/doing sth7. give sb some advice on sth8. get good treatment9. take/follow ones advice10. join a team/club/group/committee/company11. ex

45、plain sth to sb (explain to sb that )12. cure sb of a certain illness13. hurry to the hospital/school/post office/police station/railway station/bus stop/airport14. offer to pay 100dollars15. charge/ take 100 dollars16. pay 100 dollars(pay the bill)17. hire/get/call for a taxi (to take sb to )18. be

46、 wet all over/ be wet through19. download the papers20. go fishing/outing/climbing/boating/swimming/camping21. turn away22. be lost in thought23. turn back to get sth / for sth24. come /go up to see what happens25. share a room/an umbrella/a toy/the same interests with sb26. shout to sb in a loud vo

47、ice27. gather all ones strength to remove the big stone28. bear a heavy bag29. go for a dinner/meeting/party/visit/get-together30. be heavily burdened with homework31. call for sb32. drop in on sb33. mind ones house34. run over to support the old man35. wait for sb to have dinner/a meeting/ come hom

48、e36. get off the bus/ get out of the car37. be stationed by the door/stand by the door38. be seated by the window39. lean against the wall/tree40. walk/run/swim/ride/drive/move on against the wind41. rain hard/snow hard/wind hard42. come to ones rescue43. express ones hearty thanks to sb44. fall sou

49、nd asleep45. raise ones hand46. walk/ride/drive/take a bus home47. come to a stop48. push sb to the river bank49. come to an end/ put sth to an end50. cheer for sb句子汉译英参考答案:1. After a short rest, we began to sing and dance, tell stories and jokes. We had a good time.2. At a shop, a woman was buying

50、an ice-cream when a young man behind her snatched her handbag and ran away.3、Many of the graduates from our school have become professors, engineers, journalists and experts of other fields.4、I shall study hard, whether I can go to college this year or not.5、He told me that seeing a film is not only

51、 a rest but also helps (to) increase ones knowledge and information.6、They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.7、I believe that the growth of its population should be brought under control so that well have a better hometown in future.8、With best wishes. And please remember me to your famil

52、y.9、Im sure you will have another unforgettable touring day.10、Education is free for all the children learning in the village school.11、New factories, houses and roads have been built up in our city.12、I was so pleased to hear from you and I am writing to tell you something about our school.13、At th

53、e lunch table, we wished Grandpa “Happy birthday”.14、Youre welcome to the party on time.15、Im really so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese.16、The purposes of the program are to make our school more beautiful, to make the air cleaner and fresher, and to turn our school

54、 into a better place for us to study and live in.17、I am fond of collecting stamps and listening to music in my spare time.18、Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and make a right turn into Park Road.19、Maybe you wont have to wait so long as we did just now.20、From this matter I come to rea

55、lize that everyone has his strong points and will become helpful persons, whether with great or minor talents.Part D 书面表达周周练参考范文Failure is the mother of successWe middle school students have had many tests or exams. We have both achieved success and suffered from failure. Different students take dif

56、ferent attitudes to failure. Some fall in low spirits when they dont do well in the exams. They usually lose heart and no longer study as before. But most students take an active attitude towards failure. They encourage themselves to be serf-confident. They encourage themselves to be serf-confident. They found out and analyze the causese so that they will no longer make similar mistakes. I agree with those with active attitudes. As we all know, failure is t