有关汽车“碰瓷”行为的定性的探析中英文对照

1、 有关汽车“碰瓷”行为的定性的探析中英文对照about car touch porcelain behavior of the qualitative analysis of the contrast in both chinese and english汽车“碰瓷”行为，不仅骗保偏财，同时也在一定程度上危害了公共安全，对它的定性，实践中存在不同看法。本文引用案例，分析了汽车“碰瓷”行为涉及的多个罪名，并进行了car touch porcelain behavior, not only cheat polarization-preserving wealth, but also to a ce

2、rtain extent, harm the public safety, for its qualitative, in practice there are different views. reference case, this paper analyzes the automobile touch porcelain behavior involves multiple crimes, and carried out 分析，以期对该行为作出比较准确的定性。analysis, in order to more accurate qualitative for the behavior.

3、 论文关键词 “碰瓷” 保险诈骗 诈骗paper keywords touch porcelain insurance fraud fraud 一、案情介绍first, the case is introduced 2011年至2012年，犯罪嫌疑人郑某安、郑某胜单独或两人一起作案，驾驶自有或租赁的轿车，在公路上尾随被害人驾驶的厢式小货车，当小货车变更车道时，即驾车故意直行from 2011 to 2012, the criminal suspect zheng mou ann, zheng mou - alone or working together, two people driving

4、 their own or lease the cars, followed the victim on the highway driving the van truck, when van change lanes, or drive straight on purpose 快速碰撞小货车后尾部制造交通事故。然后让被害人打电话报警和通知所属保险公司，由交警到场开具交通事故认定书，一般均由货车司机即被害人负全责。接着由保险公司人员现fast collision tail made traffic accident after a pickup truck. and then let the

5、victims to call the police and notify its insurance company, issued by the traffic police to traffic accident, generally by the truck driver is take full responsibility for the victim. then the insurance company staff now 场定损，待定损后两人一般先向被害人索取部分押金，再离开现场开车至一些维修汽车收费便宜的小厂维修（或根本不维修），再根据定损价格购买相应或更高价格的假维修发票

6、，fee, pending loss after two people generally to the victim for some deposit first, then left the scene driving to some car maintenance fee cheap small plant maintenance (maintenance) or not at all, again according to the fee and buy fake corresponding or higher price maintenance invoice, 两人根据假发票票面金

7、额向被害人索要赔偿金。高过定损价格的部分，则由被害人自己出钱支付给犯罪嫌疑人。two people according to the par value to ask for compensation to the victim of false invoices. above fee charged part of the price, paid by the victims criminal suspects. 二、提出问题second, the problems are put forward 侦查机关以诈骗罪将两犯罪嫌疑人移送检察机关审查起诉，但检察机关在审查后，对两犯罪嫌疑人行为的定

8、性产生了不同的观点。investigation organ to two suspects fraud will be transferred to procuratorial organ examination and prosecution, but prosecutors after review, the two suspects behavior qualitative has a different point of view. 第一种观点认为两嫌疑人的行为构成诈骗罪。这是以“碰瓷”产生事故的手法，虚构事实诈骗被害人的钱财，构成诈骗罪。the first two suspects

9、the act constitutes a crime of fraud. this is touch porcelain accident, fictional facts victims money, constitute a crime of fraud. 第二种观点认为两嫌疑人的行为构成保险诈骗罪。嫌疑人故意制造被害人负全责的交通事故，骗取保险公司的保险金，构成保险诈骗罪。the second view think two suspects behavior of insurance fraud. suspect deliberately take full responsibilit

10、y for traffic accident, the victim to defraud the insurance of insurance company, insurance fraud. 第三种观点认为两嫌疑人的行为同时构成保险诈骗罪、故意损毁公私财物罪，应当数罪并罚。根据刑法的规定，被保险人故意造成财产损失的保险事故，骗取保险金，同时构成the third kind of view is that the behavior of the two suspects at the same time make crime of insurance fraud, intentional

11、damage to public or private property, shall be combined punishment for several crimes. according to the provisions of the criminal law, the insured intentionally cause damage to property of insurance accident, defrauds insurance money, and at the same time 故意损坏公私财物犯罪，依照数罪并罚。intentionally destroy pub

12、lic or private property crime, according to the provisions of combined punishment for several crimes. 第四种观点认为两嫌疑人的行为构成以危险方法危害公共安全罪。开车“碰瓷”诈骗保险金的行为，既符合保险诈骗罪的特征，也对公共交通安全以及不特定人员的人身安全构the fourth view is the behavior of the two suspects constitute the crime of endangering public security with dangerous me

13、thod. drive touch porcelain insurance fraud behavior, should both comply with the characteristics of insurance fraud, also to public traffic safety and the safety of not specific people 成威胁，具有以危险方法危害公共安全罪的特征。根据法理应当择一重罪处罚，即以危险方法危害公共安全罪定罪处罚。threat, which is characteristic of the crime of endangering p

14、ublic security with dangerous method. should choose a felony punishment according to law, the crime of endangering public security with dangerous method shall be decided a crime and punished. 三、法律分析three, legal analysis （一）相关理论(a) related theories 1.构成诈骗罪。诈骗罪是指以非法占有为目的，用虚构事实或者隐瞒真相的方法，骗取数额较大的公私财物的行为。

15、该罪的客观方面表现为使用骗术，即虚构事实或者隐瞒真1. constitute the crime of fraud. fraud refers to, for the purpose of illegal possession, with dummy fact or the method that hide the fact, diddle large amount of public or private property behavior. for the use of deception to the objective aspects of crime, performance, th

16、at is false facts or concealing the true 相等欺骗方法，使财物所有人或管理人产生错觉，信以为真，从而“自愿地”交出财物。主观方面表现为具有非法占有公私财物的直接故意。equal to cheating methods, make the property owner or manager produces illusion, to voluntarily handing over the property. subjective aspect performance to possess the direct intent of illegal poss

17、ession of public or private property. 法条依据：刑法第266条规定：诈骗公私财物，数额较大的，处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制，并处或者单处罚金；数额巨大或者有其他严重情节的，处三年以上十年law basis: criminal law the 266th regulation: fraud, public or private property, relatively large, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal de

18、tention or public surveillance, and concurrently or independently be sentenced to a fine; huge or there are other serious circumstances, less than three years but not more than ten years 以下有期徒刑，并处罚金；数额特别巨大或者有其他特别严重情节的，处十年以上有期徒刑或者无期徒刑，并处罚金或者没收财产。本法另有规定的，依照规定。shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonm

19、ent, and concurrently be sentenced to a fine; amount is especially huge or other especially serious circumstances, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment, and concurrently be sentenced to a fine or confiscation of property. otherwise stipulated i

20、n this law, in accordance with the provisions. 2.构成保险诈骗罪。保险诈骗罪是指以非法获取保险金为目的，违反保险法规，采用虚构保险标的、保险事故或者制造保险事故等方法，向保险公司骗取保险金，数额较大的2. the form of insurance fraud. insurance fraud is to point to for the purpose of illegally obtaining the insurance money, violation of insurance laws and regulations, adopt fi

21、ctional insurance mark insurance accident, insurance accident or manufacturing methods, referred to the insurance company to defraud insurance money, large amount of 行为。behavior. 法条依据：刑法第198条规定：有下列情形之一，进行保险诈骗活动，数额较大的，处五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，并处一万元以上十万元以下罚金；数额巨大或者有其他law basis: criminal law the 198th regulation:

22、 any of the following circumstances, to carry on the insurance fraud, relatively large, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or criminal detention, and concurrently be fined ten thousand yuan and one hundred thousand yuan; huge or there is other 严重情节的，处五年以上十年以下有期

23、徒刑，并处二万元以上二十万元以下罚金；数额特别巨大或者有其他特别严重情节的，处十年以上有期徒刑，并处二万元以上十万元以下罚金serious circumstances, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than five years but not more than ten years, and concurrently be fined twenty thousand yuan and two hundred thousand yuan; amount is especially huge or other especially

24、 serious circumstances, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years, and concurrently be fined twenty thousand yuan and one hundred thousand yuan 或者没收财产：（四）投保人、被保险人故意造成财产损失的保险事故，骗取保险金的or confiscation of property:. (4) policy-holder, insurant intentionally cause damage to

25、property of insurance accident, defrauds insurance money. 3.同时构成保险诈骗罪和故意损坏财物罪，数罪并罚。故意毁坏财物罪，是指故意毁灭或者损坏公私财物，数额较大或者有其他严重情节的行为。法条依据：刑法第198条3. at the same time, make crime of insurance fraud and intentional damage to property, combined punishment for several crimes. intentionally damaging property crime,

26、 is refers to the deliberate destruction or damage to public or private property, relatively large or there are other serious circumstances. law on the basis of: article 198 of the criminal law 第2款规定，有前款第四项、第五项所列行为，同时构成其他犯罪的，依照数罪并罚的规定处罚in paragraph 2, any of the acts listed in the item 4 and item 5

27、of the preceding paragraph, at the same time constitutes another crime, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions on combined punishment for several crimes. 第275条规定，故意毁坏公私财物，数额较大或者有其他严重情节的，处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者罚金；数额巨大或者有其他特别严重情节的，处三年以上七年以下有期徒the 275th regulation, intentionally destroy public or p

28、rivate property, relatively large or there are other serious circumstances, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention or a fine; huge or other especially serious circumstances, shall be sentenced to fixed-term acts of less than three years but not

29、 more than seven years 刑。punishment. 4.构成以危险方法危害公共安全罪。以危险方法危害公共安全罪是指故意以放火、决水、爆炸以及投放危险物质以外的并与之相当的危险方法，足以危害公共安全的行为。该4. constitute the crime of endangering public security with dangerous method. crime of endangering public security with dangerous method is refers to the deliberately to fire, water, exp

30、losion, and put on the outside of dangerous substances and fairly with the dangerous method, enough to endanger public security. the 罪侵犯的客体是公共安全，主观表现为故意。法条依据：刑法第114条规定，以其他危险方法破坏公私财产，危害公共安全，尚未造成严重后果的，处3年以上10年以下有期徒object of the crime is public safety, subjective expression is deliberately. law on the

31、basis of: criminal law the 114th regulation, destruction of public or private property by other dangerous method, endangering public security, have not caused serious consequences, shall be sentenced to fixed-term acts between three years but not more than ten years 刑。刑法第115条规定，以上述手段至人重伤、死亡或公司财产遭受重大

32、损失的，处10年以上有期徒刑、无期徒刑或死刑。punishment. criminal law the 115th regulation, with the means to serious injury or death or property suffered heavy losses, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of ten years, life imprisonment or death. （二）法律分析(2) the legal analysis 笔者认为，两嫌疑人的行为应定性为同时构成保险诈骗罪、故意毁坏财物罪、诈

33、骗罪，数罪并罚。理由如下：the author believes that the behavior of the two suspects should be qualitative to make crime of insurance fraud, intentionally damaging property at the same time, the crime of fraud, combined punishment for several crimes. for the following reasons: 1.两嫌疑人的行为不构成以危险方法危害公共安全罪。以危险方法危害公共安全

34、罪侵犯的客体是公共安全。本罪客观方面表现为使用防火、决水、爆炸、投放危险物质之外的1. two suspects behavior does not constitute the crime of endangering public security with dangerous method. object of the crime of endangering public security with dangerous method is public safety. this crime objective aspect performance for the use of fire

35、, water, explosion, on the outside of the hazardous substances 其他具有广泛杀伤力和破坏性的方法危害公共安全。如果该种方法的杀伤力和破坏性有限，就不能认定为其他危险方法。本罪主观上是故意，即行为人明知采用是具有广泛杀伤力和other methods of endangering public security with a broad range of damaging and destructive. if the approach of damage and destructive is limited, cant as oth

36、er dangerous methods. this crime subjective intentionally, namely, the behavior person know perfectly well is and has extensive damage 破坏性的方法，而仍然使用去危害公共安全。destructive method, and still use to endanger public security. 本案中，第一，嫌疑人故意制造交通事故的行为，看似危害不特定主体的安全，但实际上嫌疑人作案前在马路上会选择好目标车辆，然后才加速行驶撞上去，也就是说嫌疑人在suspe

37、ct in this case, first, makes the behavior of the traffic accident, intentionally appears harm no specific subject of security, but in fact, before the suspect will choose target vehicles in the street, and then sped into it, that is suspect 作案前已经确定了明确的伤害对象。第二，嫌疑人制造的交通事故都是非常微型的，造成的后果基本上都是车辆轻微破损，定损的价

38、格也在一两千元左右，嫌疑人这种制造交通事故commit crime object before have identified specific injury. second, suspects made in traffic accidents are very tiny, basically all is slightly damaged vehicles, the consequences of the price of the fee is also a few thousand yuan, suspects that traffic accident 的方法，其杀伤力和破坏性非常有限

39、。第三，嫌疑人的作案目的是为了索取交通事故的赔偿金，而非危害不特定多数人的安全。method, and its lethality and destructive is very limited. third, the suspects crime purpose is to ask for the compensation of traffic accidents, rather than harm no specific most peoples safety. 综上，本案中嫌疑人的作案手段尚未达到需要以危险方法危害公共安全罪定罪的程度。但是如果嫌疑人故意加速冲撞货车的行为有造成人员伤亡的

40、后果，笔者则认为可以构成以in conclusion, in this case the suspects crime means endangering public security with dangerous method has yet to reach need degree of conviction. but if suspects deliberately accelerate collision truck behavior have deadly consequences, the author thinks that can constitute a to 危险方法危害

41、公共安全罪，因为此时嫌疑人故意制造交通事故的行为的杀伤力和破坏性已经非常大了，已经造成严重的后果。dangerous way to endanger public security sin, because at this point the suspect deliberately behavior of damage and destructive accidents is very big, have caused serious consequences. 2.两嫌疑人的行为同时构成保险诈骗罪、故意毁坏财物罪、诈骗罪，应当数罪并罚。（1）两嫌疑人的行为构成保险诈骗罪。诈骗罪和保险诈骗罪

42、是普通法和特别法的关系。如2. the behavior of the two suspects at the same time constitute the crime of fraud of the insurance fraud, the crime of intentionally damaging property, and should be combined punishment for several crimes. (1) two suspects behavior of insurance fraud. and insurance fraud crime of fraud

43、 is the relationship between common law and special law. such as the 果一种行为同时构成了诈骗罪和保险诈骗罪，就是法条竞合犯，根据特别法优于普通法的原则，应当认定为构成保险诈骗罪。fruit is a kind of behavior constitutes the crime of fraud and insurance fraud at the same time, the law concurrence is made, based on the principle of special law is superior

44、to the common law, shall constitute for insurance fraud. 本案中嫌疑人制造交通事故骗取事故赔偿金的行为构成了保险诈骗罪。理由如下：第一，嫌疑人利用作为“肇事车辆”交强险受益人的身份，故意制造交通事故，骗取保险金。suspects made traffic accident in the case of accident compensation act constitutes the insurance fraud. reasons are as follows: first, the suspect use as the identit

45、y of the car insurance beneficiary, intentionally made traffic accident, defrauds insurance money. 第二，嫌疑人主观上有非法占有保险金的故意。两嫌疑人利用小货车变道之际故意制造交通事故后，交警部门都作出了小货车全责的责任认定，嫌疑人正是利用了保险公司难以发现second, the suspect with illegal possession of insurance on purpose. two suspects using pickup deliberately as a lane chan

46、ge after traffic accidents, traffic police departments are made solely the responsibility of a pickup truck has decided that the suspect from the insurance company is difficult to find 假事故的这一漏洞，实现他们发财大梦。两嫌疑人在事故发生后，并未威胁或者恐吓小货车司机，而是让小货车司机报警和打电话给保险公司定损理赔，然后根据定损价格来开具相fake this loophole, achieve their we

47、alth dream. two suspects in after the accident, did not fear or intimidation van driver, but for small truck driver alarm and call the insurance company claims, and then according to the fee the price issue 应的修车发票向小货车司机索要赔偿金，很明显两嫌疑人的行为是为了非法占有保险公司的保险理赔金，而非诈骗小货车司机的财物。should repair invoice to pickup dr

48、iver for damages, obviously the behavior of the two suspects is to claim on the insurance companys insurance of illegal possession, rather than property fraud van driver. （2）两嫌疑人的行为同时构成了故意毁坏财物罪。根据刑法的规定，被保险人故意造成财产损失的保险事故，骗取保险金，同时触犯刑法其他规定的，应当数罪并罚。本案中(2) the behavior of the two suspects at the same tim

49、e constitute the crime of intentionally damaging property. according to the provisions of the criminal law, the insured intentionally cause damage to property of insurance accident, defrauds insurance money, and violation of other provisions of the criminal law, should be combined punishment for sev

50、eral crimes. in this case ，两嫌疑人显然是故意毁坏了自己的车辆（作案工具）和被撞小货车（“肇事车辆”），以制造小货车负全责的交通事故，骗取保险金，虽然这种情形是牵连犯，但根据刑法的规定, two suspects were obviously intentionally destroyed his own vehicle (means) and knocked a minivan ( car ), to make the traffic accident, pickup trucks take full responsibility for defrauds insu

51、rance money, although this situation is in, but according to the provisions of the criminal law ，应当以保险诈骗罪和故意毁坏财物罪数罪并罚。shall be for insurance fraud and the crime of intentionally damaging property combined punishment for several crimes. 根据最高检、公安部关于公安机关管辖的刑事案件立案追诉标准的规定第三十三条故意毁坏财物案（刑法第二百七十五条）故意毁坏公私财物，涉

52、嫌下列情形之一的，according to the highest inspection, file a criminal case under the jurisdiction of the ministry of public security of the public security organs prosecuted the regulation of standard article 33 intentionally damaging property case (article two hundred and seventy-five of the criminal law)

53、intentionally destroy public or private property, suspected of the following circumstances, 应予立案追诉：（一）造成公私财物损失五千元以上的；（二）毁坏公私财物三次以上的；（三）纠集三人以上公然毁坏公私财物的；（四）其他情节严重的情形。本案中，两嫌疑shall be initiated prosecution: (a) caused by public or private property losses of five thousand yuan of above; (2) the destruction of public or private property more than three times; (3) up more than three people openly destroy public or private property; (4) other situations if t