XK 5040数控立式铣床及控制系统设计论文（全套CAD有图）

1、株 洲 工 学 院200 届毕业设计说明书 题 目 院(系)、部： 机械工程系 学生姓名： 樊义祥 指导教师： 颜竟成 职称 教授 专 业： 机械设计制造极其自动化 班 级： 机024班 完成时间： 2006/5/25 摘 要数控机床即数字程序控制机床，是一种自动化机床，数控技术是数控机床研究的核心，是制造业实现自动化、网络化、柔性化、集成化的基础。随着制造技术的发展，现代数控机床借助现代设计技术、工序集约化和新的功能部件使机床的加工范围、动态性能、加工精度和可靠性有了极大的提高。本文主要对XK5040数控立式铣床及控制系统进行设计，首先分析立式铣床的加工特点和加工要求确定其主参数，包括运动和

2、动力参数；根据主参数和设计要求进行主运动系统、进给系统和控制系统硬件电路设计。主要进行主运动系统和进给系统的机械结构设计及滚珠丝杠和步进电机的选型和校核；对于控制系统由于这里主要针对经济型数控铣床的设计，这里采用步进电机开环控制，计算机系统采用高性能价格比的MCS-51系列单片扩展系统，主要进行中央处理单元的选择、存储器扩展和接口电路设计。由于本文采用8031单片机控制系统，因此，设计出的立式铣床性能价格比高，满足经济性要求。可实用于加工精度较高的场合。关键词 数控技术；立式铣床；设计ABSTRACTThe numerical control engine bed is the digital

3、 process control engine bed, is one kind of automated engine bed, the numerical control technology is the core which the numerical control engine bed studies, is the manufacturing industry realization automation, the network, the flexibility, the integrated foundation. Along with the manufacture tec

4、hnology development, the modern numerical control engine bed with the aid of the modern design technology, the working procedure intensification and the new function part caused the engine bed the processing scope, the dynamic performance, the processing precision and the reliability had the enormou

5、s enhancement .This article mainly carries on the design to the XK5040 numerical control vertical milling machine and the control system, first analyzes the vertical milling machine the processing characteristic and the processing request determines its host parameter, including movement and dynamic

6、 parameter; Carry on the host kinematic scheme according to the host parameter and the design request, enters for the system and the control system hardware circuit design. Mainly carries on the host kinematic scheme and enters for the system mechanism design and the ball bearing guide screw and ele

7、ctric stepping motor shaping and the examination; Regarding control system because here mainly aims at the economy numerical control milling machine the design, here uses electric stepping motor open-loop control, the computer system uses the high performance price compared to the MCS-51 series mono

8、lithic expansion system, mainly carries on the central processing element the choice, the memory expansion and the connection circuit design .Because this article uses 8,031 monolithic integrated circuits control system, therefore, designs the vertical milling machine performance price is higher tha

9、n, satisfies the efficient request. But practical to processing precision higher situation .Key words Numerical control technology; Vertical milling machine; Design目 录摘 要11 总体设计51.1、铣床简介51.2、 XK5040型数控铣床的总体布局、主要技术参数及总传动系统图错误！未定义书签。型数控铣床的总体布局错误！未定义书签。型数控铣床的主要技术参数错误！未定义书签。总传动系统图错误！未定义书签。2主运动系统设计错误！未定义

10、书签。2.1 传动系统设计错误！未定义书签。参数的拟定错误！未定义书签。传动结构或结构网的选择错误！未定义书签。转速图拟定错误！未定义书签。齿轮齿数的确定及传动系统图的绘制错误！未定义书签。. 传动件的估算与验算错误！未定义书签。传动轴的估算和验算错误！未定义书签。.齿轮模数的估算错误！未定义书签。. 展开图设计错误！未定义书签。.结构实际的内容及技术要求错误！未定义书签。.齿轮块的设计错误！未定义书签。.传动轴设计错误！未定义书签。.主轴组件设计错误！未定义书签。. 制动器设计错误！未定义书签。.按扭矩选择错误！未定义书签。. 截面图设计错误！未定义书签。. 轴的空间布置错误！未定义书签。.

11、操纵机构错误！未定义书签。.润滑错误！未定义书签。.箱体设计的确有关问题错误！未定义书签。 进给系统设计错误！未定义书签。. 总体方案设计错误！未定义书签。.对进给伺服系统的基本要求错误！未定义书签。.进给伺服系统的设计要求错误！未定义书签。.总体方案错误！未定义书签。. 进给伺服系统机械部分设计错误！未定义书签。.确定脉冲当量，计算切削力错误！未定义书签。.滚珠丝杆螺母副的计算和造型错误！未定义书签。.齿轮传动比计算错误！未定义书签。.步进电机的计算和选型错误！未定义书签。.进给伺服系统机械部分结构设计错误！未定义书签。 控制系统设计错误！未定义书签。4.1绘制控制系统结构框图错误！未定义书

12、签。4.2.选择中央处理单元（CPU）的类型错误！未定义书签。4.3存储器扩展电路设计错误！未定义书签。.程序存储器的扩展错误！未定义书签。.数据存储器的扩展错误！未定义书签。.I/O接口电路及辅助电路设计错误！未定义书签。.I/O接口电路设计错误！未定义书签。.步进电机接口及驱动电路错误！未定义书签。.其他辅助电路错误！未定义书签。参考文献错误！未定义书签。致谢错误！未定义书签。附 录错误！未定义书签。1 总体设计1.1、铣床简介铣床是一种用on, the database table collection are use in saving this part of related inf

13、ormation. According to the characteristic type definition need, we defined the characteristic class code table, the characteristic class edition information have outstanding shown the characteristic type; Defined the characteristic class structure outstanding to reach the characteristic class the st

14、ructure; And relates through the components characteristic disposition table and the components characteristic level information. The characteristic level data sheet collection is this components model database design core, has recorded characteristic example information and so on model design, craf

15、t. The characteristic structure table has recorded the characteristic geometry structure; The characteristic size table, the characteristic shape position table of limits, the characteristic surface roughness table has recorded the characteristic project semantics quotation; The size table, the shap

16、e position table of limits, the surface roughness table saved all components characteristic data message. In the characteristic level, using characteristic ID, geometry principal linkage and so on essential factor ID, size ID, common difference ID, roughness ID carries on the data retrieval. We appl

17、y this components information model database under the factory environment some module CAD in the AM integrative system, has realized CAD and the CAPP characteristic information sharing well. Main use ready-made CAD/the CAM software (Unigra phics 1I) carries on the product design and the NC programm

18、ing in this system, and through carries on two times of developments gains components to this software the size information; At the same time uses the dialogue window which develops voluntarily, lets design the personnel to input other characteristic information alternately, realizes this software a

19、nd the system sharing database connection. When assistance technological design, the technological design personnel through the procedure inquiry function, inquires the components information from the sharing database which needs, carries on the interactive technological design. Thus has facilitated

20、 the CAPP components information acquisition, enhanced the technological design efficiency. When carries on the NC programming using UG, may from the sharing database gain the craft and the manufacture information which needs, carries on various working procedures the knife axle design and the proce

21、ssing simulation establishes an absolute zero spot on the numerical control engine bed, the actual various coordinate axes syzygy completely position error, makes the curve in order to determined compensates the spot. Attempts l to show is an actual position error curve, (error) carries on this curv

22、e y-coordinate take the pulse equivalent as the unit the division, makes the horizontal line, each horizontal line and the curve point of intersection namely compensates the spot for the goal. Chart 1 the center 1 to 6 oclock place position errors for, needs to do reduces the pulse to compensate; Bu

23、t needs to carry on 6 to 9 adds the pulse to compensate in the chart the shadow partially for to compensate the area. Compensates the range of points these to become the errorThe calibration corrections stores the computer, when work table by zero displacement in position, installs sends out the abs

24、olute zero point localization signal in the absolute zero point micros witch, later computer as necessary will send out the goal to compensate to compensate the signal, will carry on the position error to the engine bed to compensate. The cosine generator assigns slide guage initiation signal a elec

25、tricity and by step of transmission.3. feedbacks compensates the open-loop controlChart 2 has produced this kind of system schematic diagram. This system surveys two parts by the open-loop control and the induction synchromesh direct position to be composed. Here position examination does not serve as the position the feedback, but is compensates the feedback as the position error. Its cardinal principle is: Installs the instruction pulse by the engine bed numerical control which CNC sends out, on the one hand the supplies open system