中央民族大学考博英语阅读题及其解析

1、 中央民族大学考博英语阅读题及其解析If ambition is to be well regarded,the rewards of ambitionwealth,distinction,control over ones destinymust be deemedworthy of the sacrifices made on ambitions behalf.If the traditionof amb i tion is to have vitality,it must be widely shared;and itespecially must be highly regarded

2、by people who are themselvesadmired,the educated not least among them.In an odd way,however,it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on ambition asan ideal.What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited fromambitionif not always their own then that of their parents andgrandparents.

3、There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this,a case ofclosing the barn door after the horses have escapedwith the Gengduo yuan xiao zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zixun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xunqq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi educated themselves

4、 riding on them.Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and itssigns now than formerly.Summer homes,European travel,BMWsthelocations,place names and name brands may change,but such items donot seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.Whathas happened is that people ca

5、nnot confess fully to their dreams,aseasily and openly as once they could,lest they be thought pushing,acquisitive and vulgar.Instead,we are treated to fine hypocriticalspectacles,which now more than ever seem in ample supply:the criticof American materialism with a Southampton summer home;the publi

6、sher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants;the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional,the proper formulation is, Succeed at all costs but

7、 avoid appearing ambitious.The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive,where they are not extremely unattractive.As a result,the support for ambition as a healthy impulse,a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young,is pr

8、obably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end,that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings,but only that,no longer openly honored,it is less openly professed.Consequences follow from this, of course,some of which are that ambition i

9、s driven underground,or made sly.Such,then,is the way things stand:on the left angry critics,on the right stupid supporters,and in the middle,as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.27.It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if_.Aits returns well compens

10、ate for the sacrificesBit is rewarded with money,fame and powerCits goals are spiritual rather than materialDit is shared by the rich and the famous28.The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is_.Acustomary of the educated to discard ambition in wordsBtoo late to check

11、ambition once it has been let outCdishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goalDimpractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition29.Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because_.Athey think of it as immoralBtheir pursuits are not fame or wealthCambition is not

12、 closely related to material benefitsDthey do not want to appear greedy and contemptible30.From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained_.Asecretly and vigorouslyBopenly and enthusiasticallyCeasily and momentarilyDverbally and spiritually名师解析27.It is generall

13、y believed that ambition may be well regarded if_.普遍认为,如果_,雄心就能够受人尊重。Aits returns well compensate for the sacrifices雄心的回报充分补偿了所作的牺牲Bit is rewarded with money,fame and power 雄心以金钱、名誉和权力作为回报Cits goals are spiritual rather than material雄心的目标是精神上的而不是物质上的Dit is shared by the rich and the famous它是富人和名人共享的

14、【答案】A【考点】事实细节题。【分析】文章第一句指出,“雄心如果想要获得尊重,那么它的回报财富、声望、对命运的掌控则必须被认为值得为之牺牲”。也就是说,正确答案是A。B中的金钱、声望和对命运的控制,在第一句中,只是作为取得回报的三个例子,并非仅包括这三方面而已。因此,选择项A更加确切地表达了第一句的意思。C、D的说法显然不对。28.The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is_.第一段最后一句话很可能暗示的内容是_。Acustomary of the educated to discard a

15、mbition in words受过教育的人习惯于口头上抛弃雄心Btoo late to check ambition once it has been let out雄心一旦释放,要想再阻拦就晚了Cdishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goal在目标达成之后不诚实地否认雄心Dimpractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition对受过教育的人来说,要享受雄心带来的好处是不实际的。【答案】C 【考点】句意题。【分析】本句中出现一个比喻,意思是“他们是野心的

16、受益者,但又虚伪地否认拥有野心的重要性”。这和C的意思是吻合的。A的错误在于它不够完整,没有提到受益这个概念。B的说法是字面意思。D选项没有根据。29.Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because_.一些人不公开宣称他们有雄心,是因为_。Athey think of it as immoral他们认为这不道德Btheir pursuits are not fame or wealth他们追求的不是名声和财富Cambition is not closely related to material benefits雄心和物质利

17、益并非紧密相连Dthey do not want to appear greedy and contemptible他们不想让自己看上去贪婪和可鄙【答案】D【考点】事实细节题。【分析】根据第二段第三句,“现在,人们不能像以前那样轻易公开地承认自己的梦想,以免别人认为自己爱出风头,贪婪和庸俗”,所以答案是D。30.From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained_.从最后一段可以得出雄心应该被_保持这一结论。 中国考博辅导首选学校 Asecretly and vigorou

18、sly 秘密并严格地 Bopenly and enthusiastically 公开和充满热情地 Ceasily and momentarily 容易并暂时地 Dverbally and spiritually 在语言上和精神上 【答案】 B 【考点】 作者观点题。 【分析】 文章最后一段提到“本应该是一种健康的冲动，一种应该受 人仰慕并扎根于青年人心灵的品质的雄心，却被人攻击，得不到支持。由于 不公开，雄心转为地下，雄心变得偷偷摸摸”。由此推论，作者认为人们不 应该隐瞒自己的雄心，而应该坦言。 难句解析 ： 1. If the tradition of ambition is to have

19、 vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. 【结构分析】 本句是并列句，前一个分句中，“ if ”引导条件状语 从句，主句主语“ it ”指代“ the tradition of ambition ”。后一个 分句中“ who ”引导一个定语从句修饰“ people ”，“ the educated not least among the

20、m ”是“ people ”的补语。 2. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. 【结构分析】 “ what ”引导主语从句，“ that ”引导表语从句。 “ asas ”结构做程度状语，此外“ lest ”引导带虚拟语气的假设状 语从句。 中国考博辅导首选学校 3. Instead, we are t

21、reated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of l

22、ife, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. 【结构分析】 本句看上去很长，主句是“ we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles ”。“ which ”引导一个非限定性定语从句修 饰“ spectacles ”。在冒号的后面是三个并列的名词性短语，关键词分别 是“ critic ”，“ publisher ”和“ journalist ”。 全文翻译： 雄心如果想要获得尊重，那么它的回报财富、声望、对命运的掌控 则必须被认为值得为之牺牲。如果雄心的传统要焕发生命力，那么它就 应该受到广泛的认同;雄心尤其应该得到那些自身得到他人崇拜的人