2018秋译林牛津版高中英语必修一课件：Unit 3 Looking good,feeling good Section 2 (共44.ppt)

1、Section Word power 影响)on medicine? Yes.She is a great woman! 3.His teeth began to (脱落)because he was affected with a rare disease. I think he needs immediate treatment. 4.Dayron Robles is a natural athlete. You are right.He is one of my favorites. affect achievements effect fall out 感染 运动员 一二三 5.(20

2、15浙江高考改编)It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about,although about two thousand patients have taken it. 副作用 一二三 三、语法预习 阅读Reading中的定语从句,找出其中的引导词并体会其用法。 1.Im taking weight-loss pills called Fat-Less,which are quite popular among young women here. 2.My mother,who you met last year,k

3、eeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous. 3.They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail. 4.My mother insisted on sending me to the hospital,where I received good medical treatment. 5.Its the same in Chinamany people,some of whom are not overweight at all,are alway

4、s going on a diet or taking weight-loss pills,which are often dangerous. 1234语法指南 1.Hmm,maybe I dont want to get hurt.(Page 46) 嗯,也许我不想受伤。 考点:get hurt属于“get done”结构,这种结构主要有两种用 法:表示被动(多用于不好的事);表示状态的转化。 Tom got hurt in the 110-meter hurdles. 汤姆在110米跨栏中受伤了。 It is said that he has got married. 据说他结婚了。 1

5、234语法指南 1234语法指南 1234语法指南 1234语法指南 2.However,they have side effects,which will damage your health.(Page 49) 但是,它们有副作用,这会损害你的健康。 考点:effect n.效果,作用;影响 I tried to persuade him,but with little effect. 我试图说服他,但却无济于事。 Did the medicine have any effect? 这药有什么疗效吗? What parents say and do has a great effect o

6、n children. 父母的言行对孩子影响很大。 1234语法指南 with little/no effect 没有影响 have a. effect on. 对有的影响 side effect 副作用 1234语法指南 1234语法指南 1234语法指南 1234语法指南 3.After your friend taking this kind of pill for some time,his hair might fall out or he might have health problems,some of which may even affect his liver or he

7、art.(Page 49) 服用这种药一段时间之后,你朋友或许会脱发,或许会出现健康 问题,其中一些甚至会影响到他的肝脏或心脏。 考点一:fall out (头发等)脱落 His hair began to fall out when he was only 30. 他才30岁的时候就开始掉头发了。 One of his teeth fell out. 他掉了一颗牙。 1234语法指南 考点二:affect vt. 影响;(病毒)感染 Cold weather affected the crops. 寒冷对农作物产生了影响。 Your opinion will not affect my de

8、cision. 你的意见不会影响我的决定。 The south of the country was worst affected by the drought. 该国南方旱情最严重。 The disease affects one in five women. 每五个妇女中就有一个患有这种病。 He was affected by heat. 他中暑了。 Cancer affected his lungs. 他的肺部感染了癌症。 1234语法指南 考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出affect的含义。 The disease affected his lungs. 含义: Deeply affec

9、ted by the moving story,the little girl burst out crying. 含义: As is known to all,smoking affects a persons health. 含义: 感染 感动 影响 1234语法指南 1234语法指南 1234语法指南 1234语法指南 4.Some athletes,whose achievements were great,died very young because they took this kind of pill.(Page 49) 有些运动员,他们取得了很大的成就,因为服用了这种药物,英

10、年 早逝。 考点:achievement n.成就 We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain. 当我们到达山顶的时候,我们有一种巨大的成就感。 【高考典句】(2015北京高考)In the last few years,China has made great achievements in environmental protection. 在过去的这些年里,中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成就。 1234语法指南 考点延伸 achieve vt. 达到,完成 No one can a

11、chieve anything without effort. 没有人能不努力就有所成就。 1234语法指南 1234语法指南 1234语法指南 (一)非限制性定语从句 1.基本概念:非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不密切,它不是对 先行词的修饰或限定,而是对先行词做一种附加说明,若将这种定 语从句去掉,主句的句意依然完整。非限制性定语从句不能用关系 代词that引导;关系代词who,whom,whose,which,as和关系副词 when,where均能引导非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中, 关系代词即使做宾语也不能省略,主、从句之间要用逗号隔开。译 成汉语时,常译为两个并列句。 2.

12、非限制性定语从句的引导词(关系词): 关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,as 关系副词:when,where 1234语法指南 3.关系词的功能 1234语法指南 His young sister,who is eighteen years old,is a college student.(主语) 他妹妹是个大学生,今年18岁。 Xiao Wang,whom they often talk about,is going to America next month.(宾语) 小王下个月要去美国,他们经常谈到他。 Michael Jackson,whose music is s

13、till popular,died on June 25,2009.(定语) 迈克尔杰克逊于2009年6月25日去世,他的音乐仍然流行。 Rio de Janeiro,where the 2016 Olympic Games will be held,holds a carnival every year.(地点状语) 里约热内卢是2016年奥运会举办地,每年都举行狂欢节。 1234语法指南 They talked about a movie,the name of which I still remember.(介词 宾语) 他们谈论过一部电影,我仍然记得电影的名字。 We will put

14、 off the meeting until next week,when we wont be so busy.(时间状语) 我们将把会议推迟到下个星期,那时我们就不会那么忙了。 The earth goes around the sun,as we all know. 众所周知,地球绕着太阳转。(宾语) 提示:(1)在限制性定语从句中,如果关系代词在从句中做宾语,关 系代词可以省略,但在非限制性定语从句中不能省略,同时关系代 词whom通常不能用who替换。 (2)非限制性定语从句不能用that或why来引导,可用which或for which替代。 1234语法指南 4.as与which

15、指代整个主句引导非限制性定语从句的区别: (1)as,which作为关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句时,可替代整个 主句的意思。 (2)as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置非常灵活,可置于主句的前、 中、后;而which引导的定语从句只能在主句后面。 (3)as经常译成“正如”。as的这种含义通常体现在一些较为固 定的结构中,例如:as we all know/as is known to all “众所周知”;as was expected “正如所预料的那样”;as has been said before “如上 所述”;as has been pointed out “正如所指出的那样”;a

16、s is the case with . “正如一样”。 1234语法指南 China is developing rapidly,as we all know. 众所周知,中国正飞速发展。 He was lying,which made his boss very angry. 他在撒谎,这使得他的老板非常生气。 As is the case with birds,humans will leave their home when they grow up. 就像小鸟一样,人长大时也会离开家。 1234语法指南 (二)反意疑问句 1.基本概念:反意疑问句由两部分构成:陈述部分+附加疑问部分。

17、 陈述部分若为肯定形式,附加疑问部分则用否定形式;反之,陈述部 分若用否定形式,则附加疑问部分就用肯定形式;两部分之间用逗 号隔开,附加疑问部分常为:be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,两部分 要保持时态一致。 2.特殊情况: (1)当陈述部分主语为this,that或these,those时,附加疑问部分主语 用it或they。 That isnt your car,is it? 那不是你的车,是吗? These are interesting books,arent they? 这些书很有趣,是吗? 1234语法指南 (2)当陈述部分主语为everybody,everyone,somebod

18、y,nobody,none 等不定代词时,附加疑问部分主语多用they(有时用he)。 Everyone went there,didnt they? 每个人都去了那儿,对吗? Nobody called while I was out,did they? 我不在的时候没人打电话,是吗? (3)当陈述部分有there be结构时,附加疑问部分要用 “be(not)+there”。 There is a book on the desk,isnt there? 桌上有一本书,是吗? There are not any pens in the box,are there? 盒内没有钢笔,对吗? 1

19、234语法指南 (4)当陈述部分有seldom,hardly,few,little,no,never,nothing,nobody 等否定词时,附加疑问部分用肯定形式。 She hardly knows English,does she? 她几乎不懂英语,是吗? Few people know him,do they? 很少有人认识他,是吗? (5)当陈述部分是肯定形式,且有带否定词缀表示否定意义的词时, 附加疑问部分仍用否定形式。 He is unfit for his job,isnt he? 他不适合他的工作,是吗? They disliked playing football,didn

20、t they? 他们不喜欢踢足球,是吗? 1234语法指南 (6)当陈述部分为Lets开头的祈使句时,附加疑问部分常用shall we;陈述部分为Let us开头的祈使句时,附加疑问部分常用will you; 普通动词开头的祈使句,附加疑问部分常用will you。 Lets go home,shall we? 让我们回家吧,好吗? Let us help you,will you? 让我们帮你吧,行吗? (7)当陈述部分的主语是I,问句要用arent I。 Im as tall as your sister,arent I? 我和你姐姐一样高,对吗? 注意:当陈述部分的谓语动词是表示愿望的词

21、wish,主语为I时,疑 问部分常用may I,且前后两个部分均用肯定形式。 I wish to go home now,may I?我想现在回家,可以吗? 1234语法指南 (8)当陈述部分的主语是主语从句、动名词、不定式时,附加疑问 部分的主语用it,谓语用单数形式。 What he has done is very helpful,isnt it? 他做的事非常有帮助,是吗? (9)当陈述部分的谓语是used to时,附加疑问部分用“didnt+主 语”或“usednt+主语”。 He used to take pictures there,usednt he? 他过去常常在那儿拍照,是

22、吗? (10)当陈述部分有dare或need时,若dare和need为实义动词,疑问部 分的谓语用do的适当形式;若dare和need为情态动词,疑问部分用 dare或need构成。 We need to help them,dont we?我们得帮助他们,是吗? You darent go there,dare you?你不敢去那儿,是不是? 1234语法指南 (11)当主句是两个并列句时,问句应和最接近的分句的主语和谓 语部分的be动词/助动词/情态动词保持一致。 He is a worker,but his wife is a manager,isnt she? 他是一个工人,但他的妻子是个经理,是吗? (12)当陈述部分是含有宾语从句的主从复合句时,附加疑问部分 一般与主句的主语和谓语部分的be动词/助动词/情态动词保持一 致。但如果主句是I/We think,suppose,believe,imagine.等时,问句一 般与从句的主语和谓语部分的be动词/助动词/情态动词保持一致。 They said that the plan worked,didnt they? 他们说这个计划行得通,是吗? I suppose (that) he is serious