被动句译法03

1、Translation of English Passive Voice 被动语态的译法被动语态的译法 一、一、 译成汉语被动句译成汉语被动句 被动语态的译法被动语态的译法 v英语被动语态的句子，译成汉语时，很多情况下英语被动语态的句子，译成汉语时，很多情况下 都可以译成主动句，但也有一些可以保持被动语都可以译成主动句，但也有一些可以保持被动语 态。态。 v这一类句子都是着重被动的动作，有些说出了动这一类句子都是着重被动的动作，有些说出了动 作的主动者，有些则不说出动作的主动者。汉译作的主动者，有些则不说出动作的主动者。汉译 时通常借助于一下三种形式：时通常借助于一下三种形式： 被动语态的译法

2、被动语态的译法 v一、一、“被被+动词动词”、遭（受）、遭（受）+动词、动词、 “给给+动词动词”、由、由+动词；动词； v二、二、 “为为所所+动词动词”、“是由是由+动词动词+的的”; v三、三、“得到得到+名词名词”、“受受/遭到遭到+名词名词”、 “予予/加以加以+名词名词” v一、一、“被被+动词动词”、“给给+动词动词”、”遭遭 （受）到（受）到+动词动词”、由、由+动词；动词； v1. Any minute we would surely be spotted by enemy planes flying in and out of the airfield. 我们随时我们随时都

3、会被出入机场的敌机发现都会被出入机场的敌机发现。 v2.The dishes were all removed before I had finished eating. 我还没有吃完我还没有吃完盘子就都给收掉了盘子就都给收掉了。 被动句的译法被动句的译法 v3.The spaceship will be totally controlled by an on-board electronic computer. v这艘宇宙飞船将完全这艘宇宙飞船将完全由机载电子计算机控制由机载电子计算机控制。 被动句的译法被动句的译法 v二、二、“为为所所+动词动词”、“是由是由+动词动词+的的”； v1.I

4、 was so impressed by these words that used them later for a Christmas card. v我我为这些话所深深感动为这些话所深深感动，后来我就把它们写在圣，后来我就把它们写在圣 诞贺卡上。诞贺卡上。 v2. Most letters from his wife, are read to him by the nurse in the hospital. v他的妻子给他的信件，大多数他的妻子给他的信件，大多数是由医院的护士念是由医院的护士念 给他听的。给他听的。 被动句的译法被动句的译法 v三、三、“得到得到+名词名词”、“予予/加以

5、加以+名词名词” “受受/遭到遭到+名词名词” v1.Problems should be resolved in good time. v问题应及时问题应及时加以解决加以解决。 v2.The laws of motions will be discussed in the next articles. v运动定律将在下文中运动定律将在下文中予以讨论。予以讨论。 被动句的译法被动句的译法 v3.I was seized with sadness as I thought of how the ancient city had been spared during the Second Worl

6、d War and now might be destroyed by an impending riot. v我想到这座古城在第二次世界大战时得到幸免而我想到这座古城在第二次世界大战时得到幸免而 现在却要现在却要遭到即将来临的暴乱的破坏遭到即将来临的暴乱的破坏，内心感到，内心感到 悲伤。悲伤。 被动句的译法被动句的译法 vHitler was also washed away by the storms of history. v希特勒也希特勒也被历史的风暴冲掉了。被历史的风暴冲掉了。 vMembers of Congress, the President, state officials,

7、 and those who govern counties and cities, are elected by popular vote. v国会议员、总统、州政府官员以及县长、市长国会议员、总统、州政府官员以及县长、市长均均 由民众投票选举。由民众投票选举。 vNatural light or “white ” light is actually made up of many colors. v自然光或自然光或“白白”光实际上光实际上是由许多颜色组成的。是由许多颜色组成的。 被动句的译法被动句的译法 E x e r c i s e vShe was blamed for everyth

8、ing her sisters did. v她她为她姐妹所做的事而受到指责。为她姐妹所做的事而受到指责。 vThe area will have to be protected from too frequent, or too intense, or too careless visiting. v这一地区一定要这一地区一定要加以保护，不允许过于频繁、过加以保护，不允许过于频繁、过 于集中或过于随便地参观访问。于集中或过于随便地参观访问。 被动句的译法被动句的译法 二、二、 译成汉语主动句译成汉语主动句 一，原文中的主句在译文中仍做主句一，原文中的主句在译文中仍做主句 v1, The who

9、le country was armed in a few days. v几天以内全国几天以内全国武装起来了武装起来了。 v2，On their domestic stations events in the Middle East were dismissed briefly. v在他们国内的广播中，中东事件在他们国内的广播中，中东事件只轻描淡写地报只轻描淡写地报 道了一下。道了一下。 v3，A new student is kept on probation for one semester. v每一个新生每一个新生都需要见习一个学期都需要见习一个学期。 vWith the outbrea

10、k of the war,flights were stepped up. v随着战争的爆发，随着战争的爆发，飞行的航班也增加了飞行的航班也增加了。 二二 原文中的主句在译文中原文中的主句在译文中 做宾语做宾语 vIt would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt. v如果（人们）如果（人们）不强烈地感到损失不强烈地感到损失，那倒是奇怪了。，那倒是奇怪了。 vMr.Billings cannot be deterred from his plan. v（人们）不能阻止比林斯先生实行他的计划。（人们）不能阻止比林斯先生实行他的计划。

11、 vI am afraid I shall be laughed at. v我恐怕见笑了。我恐怕见笑了。 vThe workers were seen repairing the machine. v(有人）看见工人们正在修理机器。有人）看见工人们正在修理机器。 译成带表语的主动句译成带表语的主动句 vThe crew were traind at English Field,Fla. v(轰炸机）机组人员轰炸机）机组人员是在佛罗里达州埃格林空军基是在佛罗里达州埃格林空军基 地训练的。地训练的。 vThe decision to attack was not taken lightly. v进

12、攻的决定进攻的决定不是轻易作出来的。不是轻易作出来的。 vMy first thirty years were spent in Western America。 v我（我（生命）生命）的前三十年的前三十年是在美国的西部度过的。是在美国的西部度过的。 vThe ship was detined for London. v这艘船这艘船是开往伦敦的。是开往伦敦的。 常用被动句型的翻译常用被动句型的翻译 v1.不加主语时不加主语时 v It is hoped that 希望希望 v It is reported that 据报据报 v It is said that 据说据说 v It is sup

13、posed that 据推测据推测 v It may be said without fear of exaggration that 可以毫不夸张地说可以毫不夸张地说 v It must be admitted that 必须承认必须承认 v It must be pointed out that 必须指出必须指出 v It will be seen from this that 由此可见由此可见 2.可加主语的可加主语的 vIt is asserted that 有人主张有人主张 vIt is believed that 有人相信有人相信 vIt is generally consider

14、ed that 大家大家 认为认为 vIt is well known that 大家知道大家知道（众所周（众所周 知知 vIt will be said that 有人会说有人会说 vIt was told that 有人曾经说有人曾经说 三译成三译成“把把”，“使使”和和“由由” 字句字句 vBy evening the occupation was complete, and the people were chased off the streets by an eight oclock curfew. v至傍晚，占领已告完成。至傍晚，占领已告完成。八点钟开始的宵禁吧人八点钟开始的宵禁吧人 们从街道赶走。们从街道赶走。 vThe famous hotel had been practically destroyed