外科学复习题：心外科试题(2)

1、2001级心外科试题第二套1. About the adult heart, which is true?（ A ）A. It is related posteriorly to the oesophagus, left main bronchus, and aortaB. It lies on the left dome of the bronchusC. It has the right ventricle forming most of its inferior wallD. It has a fossa ovalis in the atrioventricular wall of th

2、e right atrium2. 氧合器（人工肺）是人工心肺机的重要组成部分，目前临床上比较常用的是：（ C ）A. 垂屏式氧合器和转碟式氧合器B. 生物肺C. 鼓泡式氧合器和膜式氧合器D. 血幕式氧合器3. 在单纯性动脉导管未闭的病例中，关于动脉导管的病理解剖那项是错误的：（ B ）A. 位于降主动脉峡部与左肺动脉根部之间B. 上缘与降主动脉呈钝角交接C. 主动脉端开口往往大于肺动脉端开口D. 一般长度5-10mm，直径5mm至1-2cm4. In a small percentage of patients with a secundum defect, mitral stenosis i

3、s also present, the combination called: （ B ）A. Scimitar syndromeB. Lutembachers syndromeC. Eisenmengers syndromeD. Unroofed coronary sinus syndrome5. Which is the most common approach in repairing ventricular septal defect? （ C ）A. Trans-right ventricular approachB. Trans-left ventricular approachC

4、. Trans-right atrial approachD. Transpulmonary approach6. 下列关于法洛氏四联症病理生理改变的描述中，那项是错误的：（ A ）A. 两心室收缩压相等是法洛氏四联症血流动力学的主要特征。由于室间隔缺损巨大和右室流出道梗阻相当严重，所以右心室压力增高，也可能超过体循环压力。B.法洛氏四联症经室间隔缺损的血液分流方向，取决于体循环血管阻力和右心室射血阻力的比值，往往以右左分流为主。C. 肺部血流减少主要取决于右室流出道梗阻的严重程度。右室流出道梗阻愈重，则肺血流愈少，右左分流愈多，动脉血氧饱和度愈低，发绀愈重。D. 慢性低氧血症是法洛氏四联症血

5、流动力学产生的后果，从而导致供应右心室的冠状动脉粗大、红细胞增多症和肺部侧支循环血管增粗。7. 将自体肺动脉瓣和根部移植到主动脉瓣环，再用同种肺动脉瓣移植重建肺动脉流出道，称为：（ D ）A. Fontan手术B. Bentall手术C. David手术D. Ross手术8. 目前临床上应用最多的微创冠状动脉旁路移植术式是：（ A ）A. 正中切口非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术B. 小切口冠状动脉旁路移植术C. 胸腔镜辅助或机器人冠状动脉旁路移植术D. 介入治疗与微创冠状动脉旁路移植术相结合的杂交技术9. 冠状动脉旁路移植术中，最常使用的静脉移植血管是：（ B ）A. 小隐静脉B. 大隐静脉C.

6、 头静脉D. 贵要静脉10. A postoperative CABG patient is taken to the ICU. Four hours post-operatively, the patient is noted to be restless, short of breath and has developed jugular vein distention. Vital signs are as follows: BP 80/45, HR 125, RR 30, CVP 16. The patients chest tube output has been minimal during the last hour. These symptoms would most likely be indicative of which of the following? （ A ）A. Cardiac tamponadeB. Pulmonary contusionC. Cardiogenic shockD. Fluid volume overload11. 主动脉弓部人工血管置换术中进行脑灌注保护