2020托福写作开头论述和结尾应该怎么写

1、2020托福写作开头论述和结尾应该怎么写托福独立写作技巧：开头，论述和结尾应该怎么写一. 托福独立写作技巧之文章开头托福独立写作的开头无外乎介绍背景，引出话题，表明观点和限定下文发展 四个方面。背景介绍一定要把握住关键词，不能跑题。很多学员死记硬背了一些 开头句式，遇到什么题LI都往里面套，结果当然很牵强。很多独立写作的题LI完 全可以逆向思维，题L1说什么往往现实生活缺什么，可以从相反的方向入手去写。 如：In order to improve teaching quality, colleges and universities shouldincrease professors sala

2、ry. Do you agree or disagree?这个题LI完全可以围绕教学质量展开，再谈到提升教学质量的方法，引入题 LI观点，后表明自己立场。从反面入手可以谈教学质量下滑令人担忧，人们为提 升教学质量在想各种办法，有人建议增加教授们的工资作为激励手段，考生此时 应表明自己的立场及理由。按这样的思路，笫一段可以轻松达到50词以上。正 如官方指南所讲“不要仅仅为了增加文章字数而死记硬背一些兀长的首末段。”Nowadays, the decline of teaching quality has worried the public a lot.Some people suggest t

3、hat the government should increase salary for professors incollege and universities as incentives to improve teaching quality From myperspective, this is an effective way to make the teaching staff willingdevote to their teaching I feel this way for two major reasons 这样的开头既能很好地交代背景、引出话题乂利于下文的展开。二. 托

4、福独立写作技巧之展开论述根据0G,评分人员评佔考生作文的质量，即评佔考生如何展开论点，组织文 章结构。所以考生要学会用包括事例、细节、理山等在内的各种方式来支持文章 的观点。我的主体段落通常采用总-分-总的思路去写。主体段落第一句必须是观 点清楚的主题句，这个段落必须围绕主题句的controllingidea来展开，否则就会出现不切题的可能。论点的展开我通常会用到的写作手 法有原因分析法，后果延伸法，反面假设法或正反对比法以及举例论证法，最后 以归纳总结作为整个段落的结束。运用这些方法写出的文章自然逻辑性强，组织 严密，能很好地为主题服务。以赞同在公共场合禁烟为例，我的主体段落展开如 下：Fi

5、rstly, smoking is detrimental to the health of smokers and people aroundthem. It is because tobacco contains many harmful even poisonous substances suchas tar and nicotine, which can give rise to many respiratory diseases, say lungcancer If smoking is prohibited in public places, people do not need

6、to worryabout these terrible diseases A typical example of this is mu uncle, mu mother * s younger brother, who used to smoke many cigarettes a day, and later hewas found to be sick with lung cancer He had to accept an operation to cut offpart of his lung What more, he had to suffer from the subsequ

7、ent chemical treatment Thus, for the health of smokers and people around, smoking must bebanned in public places上面这段文章运用这些手法比较容易地写出127个词，所以考生在写主体段 落时一定要有清楚的思路，紧扣中心思想，运用上述写作方法就能较好地把握段 落的统一性、渐进性和连贯性，使文章结构严谨，条理清晰。三. 托福独立写作技巧之总结全文很多考生在前文纠结时间太好，以至于最后没有时间去结尾。没有结尾的文 章结构是不完整的。结尾可以从单个方面入手：concluding phrase,

8、restatement of your standpoint and summary of your ideas 从这三个方面入手，考生的构思好文章开头后就可以很快地敲定文章的结尾。托福考试作文独立写作范文：自己的经验比询问别人更能解决问题It s more importsnt to use your own knowledge and experience than ask others* knowledge and experience to solve problems写作参考一：People tend to respond to problems differently given t

9、he fact that personalities may vary among different individuals When it comes to the question of whether or not to solve the problem based on one s own experienceand knowledge or solicit others advice, I tend to believe that it really dependson the nature of the problem and we can not draw a definit

10、ive line hereOn the one hand, a rookie without any experience in a particular field canlearn a great deal of knowledge and develop useful skills when learning from anexperienced individua 1. For instance, when my father taught me how to ride abike, I remember his experience and knowledge were extrem

11、ely usefu 1. My fathersat me on the paddle with one feet hanging in the air, and I hold the handlebarstraight and bent my arms a lit tie bit so that I could keep balance After mydad s instruction and guidance, eventually I learned how to ride a bike Also, ina working environment, the knowledge and e

12、xperience of senior employees can bevery helpful for someone who hold junior positions in the company. The expertiseof senior workers have proven from time to time that a certain strategy ofbusiness operation cannot be paralleled by any other approach Indeed, a recentstudy done by the National Socie

13、ty of Organizational Behavior indicates that oneenjoys a better chance to be successful in his professional life if he getsintensive coaching and training from senior managers during the first two yearsof his job Consequently, we can conclude that on some occasions it is beneficial for someone to ca

14、pitalize on others experience and knowledgeOn the other hand, for problems, setbacks or major decisions that have a significant impact on the individualf s life, it is not rational to be influencedby others1 opinions and perspectives For example, when you have big decisionslike which university to a

15、ttend or whether or not taking on a new career path,it is far better for you to figure it out and sort it through by yourself otherthan solicit the advice from others Above all, nobody knows you better than your sei f You are the one who needs to live with the decision and other peoplewon t be the o

16、nes with the consequence Frankly, it takes a lot of courage tostand up and take personal responsibility for your own decision. Any decisionmade out of assertiveness and confidence should be respected, however, nobodyshows any respect to those who are wishy-washy and hesitate to make their owndecisio

17、nsIn conclusion, we cannot readily draw a definitive line on question of isit better to use your own knowledge and experience than ask others knowledgeand experience to solve problems since it has has to be examined case by case 写作参考二：There are abundant of difficulties and problems people need to ha

18、ndle anddeal with in one s lifetime Different ways of handling will lead to differentconsequences, though they may finally solve the problems Some people are forthe opinion to seek advice from other people, for it may be fas ter and morecomprehensive; on the other hand, some people, including me, ar

19、e more incliningto solve problems using our own resources, for these experience will help us grow.Admittedly, seeking advice from other people may serve as a shortcut to theproblem A person is not a lonely island in the world With more ideas andopinions, one can easily find one of the most appropria

20、te ways to solve theirproblem, be it money ones or the career ones People will feel much easier toraise funds for urgent uses with friendsassistances; one will also be relievedor soothing with others encouragement when finishing something difficult. It isthose helping hand that help us go though the

21、 tides and solve the problems However, other people cannot think in our own position, thus may not help ussolve the problems from the deep root Besides, solving problems by oneself canhone many cherished characters, which definitely can* t be gained with othershelp.On the one hand, solving problems

22、on one s own is conducive to cultivateone s independence As an integral part of people, being independence can helppeople think and solve problems on one s own, for it is people themselves canhelp them out. This kind of ability can well help adapt to the society, for one will encounter different kin

23、ds of problems in a lifetime, some of which can notbe solved with others help, like tests, races and other important occasionsWhile others help serves as an outer factor, it is one s own ability thatmatters and helps one grow. For example, a lot of people, especially successfulpeople, are independen

24、t in almost everything, which are trained and cultivatedin cracking problems Relying on other people for advice may end up in disappointment Thus, solving problem using one s own experiences and knowledgeameliorate one s independence and adaptabilityOn the other hand, solving problem on one s own is

25、 beneficial for cultivating one s social responsibility. As a people, one must be responsiblefor what he/she has done During problem-solving process, one would definitelyexperience all kinds of situations, thus knowing what kind of solution wouldwork out best for them. If one fails to solve the prob

26、lem, he/she will draw theexperience and do better next time; if one happens to solve the problem withhis/her own experience and knowledge, one will prepare for not having the sameproblems in the future One will gradually know how to be responsible for one s own decision and life, be it a bad or a go

27、od consequence Therefore, solvingproblems on one s own serves as the important step for one to be mature andresponsibleIn a nutshell, it is strongly recommended that solving problems using one sown experiences and knowledge, which cannot only cultivate one s independencebut also one s responsibility

28、写作参考三：With the society becoming increasingly complicated, we find that everyonewill inevitably encounter countless problems throughout his or her whole life.When it comes to how to address these problems, the senior strongly recommendthat it is bet ter to use one s own knowledge or experience rat he

29、r than to askothers for advice, while the young adults may view the issue from the oppositeangle As far as I am concerned, the latter stance is more reasonable, with thereasons as followsFirst, one conspicuous benefit of seeking suggestion from others is thatpeople can solve the troubles or problems

30、 more efficiently. As is common sense,the knowledge and experience owned by any individual is limited to someextentso that it may take longer time to work out a complex problem without help fromothers By contrast, asking others for advice is a totally different picture Myown experience is a good cas

31、e in point Back to my high school life, the chemistry class was a disaster for me because I had great difficulties inmemorizing the chemical elements Given the above situation, I asked my chemistry teacher, an experienced expert in chemistry, for help According tohis suggestions, I had a thorough re

32、view of the table of chemical elements andlearned the internal relation between each element, thus gaining a satisfactoryscore in the midterm testSecondly, what also cannot be neglected is that turning to others for advice can help to enlarge our social network For one thing, the course ofseeking an

33、d receiving suggestions from others is one of the most typical form ofcommunication, which can make us grasp the important principles and skills ofestablishing close relation with other people To illustrate, it is of greatnecessity to maintain humble and modest when you want others to do a favor for

34、you. For another, while being asked to give some advice, people will feel that they are valued and recognized by advice-seekers so that they are more likely tohave a soft spot for those who seek counsels Obviously, one s humble personality and the mutual appreciation will definitely contribute to th

35、e enhancement of interpersonal relationship Nevertheless, working on a problemindividually will greatly reduce our opportunities to communicate with othersand thus weaken our social ability, with the worst consequence of isolatingourselves from the whole societyFactoring what has been discussed abov

36、e, we can draw the conclusion thatasking others for advice is a better choice, in order to tackle the problems ina more efficient way and enlarge social circle托福考试作文独立写作范文：电影比电视更有教育意义Do you agree or disagree: The movies are worth watching only if they canteach something in real life写作范文参考：No matter

37、who you are, you are definitely in a dire need for excitement andthril 1. Then, a controversy might appear among the public whether citizens should only watch those movies that can teach something in real life Some ofyou may only watch those movies that can help to expand one s knowledge and reveal

38、the life stories, however, I strongly disagree with the statement and Ithink there will be a variety of reasons to watch moviesInitially, entertainment is the principle reason for the entire world watching movies Be it comedy, science-fiction, drama or action, movies are a medium of leisure and recr

39、eation for every single individual ranging from those on streets to the high and mighty residents in penthouses Put it in another words, the greatest of all benefits of watching a movie is that it entertains you and calms your tumultuous heart down. Take me as an example I feel very tired after the

40、full devotion to my career in a week and there is no time for the gym and outdoor activities just because of the busy work schedules Then, I will choose to lie on my couch and watch movies of many kinds with a bowl of munchies like popcorns and sodas during the weekends By being engrossed in a comed

41、y show that can evoke hearty laughs, I will encounter situations with a positive frame of mind Besides, when watching the horror movies, I will feel excited, scared, and emotional during those two and a half hours, leading me to be transferred to a world far away from the reality Obviously, no matter what kind of movies they are, they will be worth watching if they