电磁阀计算案例-1

1、ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-1 Maxwell v15 A Solenoid Problem with an External Circuit Description Source: AC 170V/ 60Hz Units: inches Geometry : Ex_7_02_Solenoid.sm3 Assign Material

2、s Coil & Shadering: Copper Band: Vacuum Endstop, flange, housing, plunger and top_nut: Steel_1008 Setup Motion Motion type: Translational / Global:Z / PositiveTranslational / Global:Z / Positive Initial Position: -0.1 in-0.1 in Translate Limit: from -0.1 in to 0 in from -0.1 in to 0 in Mechanical Se

3、tup Initial Velocity: 0 m_per_sec0 m_per_sec Mass: 0.004 kg0.004 kg Damping: 1e-5 N-sec/m1e-5 N-sec/m Load Force: -5530 -5530 * * (.00254 + position) -0.04 -50 (.00254 + position) -0.04 -50 (units are in Newtons) Analysis Analysis SetupSetup 1.1.General General tab Stop Time: 0.05 s0.05 s Time Step:

4、 0.0002 s0.0002 s 2.2.Save Fields Save Fields tab Type: Linear StepLinear Step Start: 0 s0 s Stop: 0.05 s0.05 s Step Size: 0.005 0.005 s s 2D RZ Model ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-2

5、Maxwell v15 A Solenoid Problem with an External Circuit This example models an AC solenoid using Maxwell 2D. A full wave bridge rectifying drive circuit will be setup to drive the solenoid. Description A model of an AC solenoid using an external circuit will be simulated using the 2D RZ transient so

6、lver. The source is a 170V 60Hz sinusoidal voltage which is rectified using a full-wave bridge. The mechanical force for a spring and gravity are modeled using an equation. The force, loss, position, speed and winding current, flux, and voltage will be determined. 2D RZ Model ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Max

7、well 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-3 Maxwell v15 Launching Maxwell To access Maxwell:To access Maxwell: 1.Click the Microsoft StartStart button, select ProgramsPrograms, and select AnsoftAnsoft Maxwell 15.0 Maxw

8、ell 15.0 and select Maxwell 15.0. Maxwell 15.0. Setting Tool Options To set the tool options:To set the tool options: Note: Note: In order to follow the steps outlined in this example, verify that the following tool options are set : : Select the menu item Tools Options Maxwell 2D OptionsTools Optio

9、ns Maxwell 2D Options Maxwell Options Window: 1.Click the GeneralGeneral Options Options tab Use Wizards for data input when creating new boundaries: : CheckedChecked Duplicate boundaries/mesh operations with geometry: : CheckedChecked 2.Click the OKOK button Select the menu item Tools Options Model

10、er OptionsTools Options Modeler Options. Modeler Options Window: 1.Click the OperationOperation tab Automatically cover closed polylines: : CheckedChecked 2.Click the DisplayDisplay tab Default transparency = 0.8 3.Click the DrawingDrawing tab Edit property of new primitives: : CheckedChecked 4.Clic

11、k the OKOK button ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-4 Maxwell v15 Opening a New Project To open a new project:To open a new project: After launching Maxwell, a project will be automatical

12、ly created. You can also create a new project using below options. 1.In an Maxwell window, click the On the Standard toolbar, or select the menu item File NewFile New. Select the menu item Project Insert Maxwell 2DProject Insert Maxwell 2D DesignDesign, , or click on the icon Set Solution Type To se

13、t the Solution Type:To set the Solution Type: Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Solution TypeMaxwell 2D Solution Type Solution Type Window: 1.Geometry Mode: Cylindrical about ZCylindrical about Z 2.Choose Magnetic TransientMagnetic Transient 3.Click the OKOK button Set Default Units To Set Default Uni

14、tsTo Set Default Units Select the menu item Modeler Units Modeler Units In Units window, 1.Select units: in (inches)in (inches) 2.Press OKOK Import Geometry To Import Geometry fileTo Import Geometry file Select the menu item Modeler ImportModeler Import Locate the file “Ex_7_02_Solenoid.sm3” “Ex_7_0

15、2_Solenoid.sm3” and Open Open it. Check the “Model Analysis”“Model Analysis” and say “Close” “Close” if the status of objects are “Good”.“Good”. ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-5 Maxwel

16、l v15 Define Region Create Simulation Region Create Simulation Region Select the menu item Draw RegionDraw Region In Region window, 1.Pad individual directions: Checked Checked 2.Padding Type: Percentage OffsetPercentage Offset 3.Value +R = 300300 +/- Z = 100100 Note: Note: Region will not be create

17、d in Negative X direction due to RZ- symmetry about the Z-axis. Assign Materials To Assign Material CopperTo Assign Material Copper Press Ctrl Ctrl and select the sheets coil coil and shaderingshadering Right click on the objects and select Assign MaterialAssign Material In Select Definition window,

18、 1.Type Copper Copper in search by name field 2.Ensure that material copper copper is selected 3.Press OKOK To Assign Material VacuumTo Assign Material Vacuum Select the sheets BandBand Right click on the object and select Assign MaterialAssign Material Assign the material vacuumvacuum To Assign Mat

19、erial SteelTo Assign Material Steel Press Ctrl Ctrl and select the sheets endstopendstop, flange, housing, plunger , flange, housing, plunger and top_nuttop_nut Right click on the objects and select Assign MaterialAssign Material Assign the material steel_1008steel_1008 ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell 2

20、 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-6 Maxwell v15 Assign Boundaries A no-fringing vector potential boundary will be assigned to outside of the 2D problem region. This forces all flux to stay in the solution region. To

21、Assign BoundaryTo Assign Boundary Select the sheet Region Region from history tree Select the menu item Edit Select All Object EdgesEdit Select All Object Edges Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Boundaries Assign Vector Maxwell 2D Boundaries Assign Vector PotentialPotential In Vector Potential window,

22、 1.Value: 0 0 weberweber/m/m 2.Press OKOK Note that even if we have assign vector potential boundary to all edges of the region, the edge that coincides with Z axis will not be considered while simulation since axisymmetric geometry is defined. Assign Excitations for shadering Because the solenoid i

23、s a converted “AC” solenoid, it contains a copper “shading ring” which may have eddy currents induced in it. A zero voltage source must be set on the shade ring in order to properly represent a shorted single turn winding and to see if the eddy currents are significant or not. Assign Coil to Assign

24、Coil to shaderingshadering Select the sheet shaderingshadering from history tree Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Excitations Assign CoilMaxwell 2D Excitations Assign Coil In Coil Excitation window, 1.Name: shaderingshadering 2.Number of Conductors: 1 1 3.Polarity: Positive Positive (into the screen)

25、 4.Press OKOK ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-7 Maxwell v15 Create Winding for Create Winding for shaderingshadering Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Excitations Add WindingMaxwell 2D Ex

26、citations Add Winding In Winding window, 1.Name: Winding1Winding1 2.Type: VoltageVoltage 3.Select SolidSolid 4.Initial Current: 0 A0 A 5.Resistance: 0 ohm 0 ohm (for solid windings, resistance calculated by the solver) 6.Inductance: 0 0 mHmH (coil inductance always calculated by the solver) 7.Voltag

27、e: 0 V 0 V (zero voltage represents a shorted turn, with no source) 8.Number of parallel branches: 1 1 9.Press OKOK Add Coil to WindingAdd Coil to Winding Expand the Project Manager tree to view ExcitationsExcitations Right click on the tab Winding1 Winding1 and select Add CoilsAdd Coils In Add Term

28、inals window, 1.Select the terminal shaderingshadering 2.Press OKOK Assign Excitation to Coil Assign Coil terminalAssign Coil terminal Select the sheet coil coil from history tree Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Excitations Assign CoilMaxwell 2D Excitations Assign Coil In Coil Excitation window, 1.N

29、ame: coilcoil 2.Number of Conductors: 22502250 3.Polarity: Positive Positive (into the screen) 4.Press OKOK ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-8 Maxwell v15 Add Winding for CoilAdd Winding

30、 for Coil Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Excitations Add WindingMaxwell 2D Excitations Add Winding In Winding window, 1.Name: Winding2Winding2 2.Type: ExternalExternal 3.Select StarndedStarnded 4.Initial Current: 0 A0 A 5.Number of parallel branches: 1 1 6.Press OKOK Add Coil to WindingAdd Coil to

31、Winding Expand the Project Manager tree to view ExcitationsExcitations Right click on the tab Winding2 Winding2 and select Add CoilsAdd Coils In Add Terminals window, 1.Select the terminal coilcoil 2.Press OKOK Create External Circuit To Launch Maxwell Circuit EditorTo Launch Maxwell Circuit Editor

32、Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Excitations External Circuit Edit Maxwell 2D Excitations External Circuit Edit External CircuitExternal Circuit In Edit External Circuit window, 1.Select Edit CircuitEdit Circuit Maxwell Circuit Editor will launch in separate window ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell 2 2D Fi

33、eld D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-9 Maxwell v15 To Create Maxwell Circuit Editor ProjectTo Create Maxwell Circuit Editor Project Select the menu item File NewFile New To Add Components to the CircuitTo Add Components to th

34、e Circuit In Maxwell Circuit Editor, select the tab Components Components in Project Manager window to get access to components Add Diodes 1.Select the tab Maxwell Circuit Elements Passive Elements Maxwell Circuit Elements Passive Elements DiodeDiode from the tree, drag and drop it on the Project Pa

35、ge 2.Press Esc Esc to exit the component insertion 3.Double click on the added component to edit its properties 4.Change Properties as below Name: 1 1 MOD: rectifyrectify Press OKOK 5.Copy the added diode and paste it to create three more diodes named D2, D3 D2, D3 and D4D4 Add Diode Model 1.Select

36、the tab Maxwell Circuit Elements Passive Elements Maxwell Circuit Elements Passive Elements Diode_ModelDiode_Model from the tree, drag and drop it on the Project Page 2.Double click on the added component to edit its properties 3.Change Properties as below Name: rectifyrectify Press OKOK ANSYS Maxwe

37、ll ANSYS Maxwell 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-10 Maxwell v15 Similarly add below components 1.Add winding from Dedicated Elements WindingDedicated Elements Winding Name: Winding2Winding2 NoteNote: This name has

38、 to be exactlyexactly the same name as used in the Winding definition described previously in Maxwell 2D Excitations Add WindingMaxwell 2D Excitations Add Winding 2.Add Resistor from Passive Elements ResistorPassive Elements Resistor Name: coilcoil R = 25 ohm25 ohm 3.Add Voltage Source from Sources

39、Sources VSinVSin Name: sourcesource Va = 170 V170 V VFreq = 60 Hz60 Hz Add Ground from menu item Draw Ground (or Draw Ground (or Ctrl+GCtrl+G) ) Build the CircuitBuild the Circuit Position the added components and connect them using wires to build a circuit as shown below ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell

40、 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-11 Maxwell v15 Save FileSave File Select the menu item File SaveFile Save Save the file with the name “Ex_7_02_Solenoid”“Ex_7_02_Solenoid” Export Circuit to MaxwellExport Circuit t

41、o Maxwell Select the menu item Maxwell Circuit Export Maxwell Circuit Export NetlistNetlist Save the file with the name “Ex_7_02_Solenoid.sph”“Ex_7_02_Solenoid.sph” Import External CircuitImport External Circuit In Maxwell 2D, select the tab Import Circuit Import Circuit from Edit External Circuit E

42、dit External Circuit window Select the file “Ex_7_02_Solenoid.sph” “Ex_7_02_Solenoid.sph” that was written in last step and select OpenOpen Edit External circuit window will look as below Set Eddy Effects To Set Eddy CalculationsTo Set Eddy Calculations Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Excitations Se

43、t Eddy EffectsMaxwell 2D Excitations Set Eddy Effects In Set Eddy Effects window, 1.For the object shaderingshadering Eddy Effects: Checked Checked 2.Press OKOK ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circ

44、uit 7.2-12 Maxwell v15 Assign Mesh Operations The transient solver does not use the automatic adaptive meshing process, so a manual mesh needs to be created. Assign Mesh Operations for BandAssign Mesh Operations for Band Select the sheet Band Band from history tree Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Me

45、sh Operations Assign Inside Maxwell 2D Mesh Operations Assign Inside Selection Length BasedSelection Length Based In Element Length Based Refinement window, 1.Name: Band_InsideBand_Inside 2.Restrict Length of Elements: Unchecked Unchecked 3.Restrict the Number of Elements: Checked Checked 4.Maximum

46、Number of Elements: 10001000 5.Press OKOK Assign Mesh Operations for Assign Mesh Operations for shaderingshadering Select the sheet shaderingshadering from history tree Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Mesh Operations Assign Inside Maxwell 2D Mesh Operations Assign Inside Selection Length BasedSelect

47、ion Length Based In Element Length Based Refinement window, 1.Name: Shadering_InsideShadering_Inside 2.Restrict Length of Elements: Unchecked Unchecked 3.Restrict the Number of Elements: Checked Checked 4.Maximum Number of Elements: 5050 5.Press OKOK Assign Mesh Operations for the RestAssign Mesh Op

48、erations for the Rest Press Ctrl Ctrl and select the sheets coil, coil, endstopendstop, flange, housing, plunger, , flange, housing, plunger, and top_nuttop_nut Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Mesh Operations Assign Inside Maxwell 2D Mesh Operations Assign Inside Selection Length BasedSelection Leng

49、th Based In Element Length Based Refinement window, 1.Name: Others_InsideOthers_Inside 2.Restrict Length of Elements: Checked Checked 3.Maximum Length of Elements: 0.05 in 0.05 in (Note that units are in inches) 4.Restrict the Number of Elements: Unchecked Unchecked 5.Press OKOK ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS

50、Maxwell 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-13 Maxwell v15 Assign Motion The plunger is the moving object and is surrounded by the band. (Note: moving objects are never allowed to touch the band. The minimum air gap i

51、s 0.002 inches when the solenoid is fully closed.) Positive motion is defined as upwards or in the positive Z direction. The starting position is -0.100 inch (or open) so the plunger will move upwards (and close) when the solenoid is energized. The load force acts downward against the direction of m

52、otion and consists of: gravity (- 0.04N), a spring preload force (-50N), and a variable compression spring force (- 5530 * position) which is zero at the starting position and increases as the plunger closes. The units for the intrinsic variable position“ is meters. To Setup MotionTo Setup Motion Se

53、lect the sheet Band Band from history tree Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Model Motion Setup Assign BandMaxwell 2D Model Motion Setup Assign Band In Motion Setup window, 1.1.Type Type tab Motion Type: Translational Translational (for RZ Model Motion sis always translational) Moving Vector: Global:Z

54、Global:Z Select PositivePositive 2.2.Data Data tab Initial Position: -0.1 in-0.1 in Translate Limit Negative: -0.1 in-0.1 in Positive: 0 in0 in ANSYS Maxwell ANSYS Maxwell 2 2D Field D Field Simulator Simulator v15v15 Users Users Guide Guide 7.2 Transient Solenoid with External Circuit 7.2-14 Maxwel

55、l v15 3.3.Mechanical Mechanical tab Consider Mechanical Transient: Checked Checked Initial Velocity: 0 0 m_per_secm_per_sec Mass: 0.004 kg0.004 kg Damping: 1e-5 N-sec/m1e-5 N-sec/m Load Force: -5530 -5530 * * (.00254 + position) -0.04 -50 (.00254 + position) -0.04 -50 (units are in Newtons) Press OKOK Analysis Setup To Create Analysis SetupTo Create Analysis Setup Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Analysis Setup Add Solu