初中英语八种时态

1、初中英语八种时态 初中英语八种时态初中英语八种时态 初中英语八种时态 一、一般现在时一、一般现在时( simple present tense) 1.形式形式 一般现在时通常用动词原形来表示。 be动词用am、is、are。主语是第三人称单 数时动词的变化规律: 一般动词后加-s；以 s、x、ch、sh结尾，加-es；以辅音字母加 o结尾，一般加-es；辅音字母加y结尾，变y 为i加-es。 初中英语八种时态 2用法用法 a. 表示经常发生的动作或现阶段的习惯性行为，常与时 间状语often， usually，always，every day，sometimes， seldom，never等连

2、用。 I never do my homework in the evening. Sometimes we play football on the playground. He seldom listens to music. b. 表示现在的事实或状态。 China is a developing country. I like English very much. c. 表示格言，科学事实和客观真理。 Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 All things are difficult before they are easy. 凡事总是由难 而易。 Shan

3、ghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中国东部。 The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 is Christmas Day. 初中英语八种时态 3.句式句式 肯定 否定 疑问 回答 He likes eggs. He doesnt like eggs. Does he like eggs? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. I want an apple. I dont want an apple. Do you want an apple? Yes, I do./No, I dont

4、. 初中英语八种时态 4.做题时常见错误如下： 一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中 例：We are plant (plant) the trees in spring. 二、单三人称形式易出错 例：1. He plays (play) football very well. 2. Danny goes (go) to school at 7:10. 三、在句式变换时易出错 例：1. Does Jenny has (has) a good friend? 2. Brian doesnt lives (not live) in China. 四、对do的理解易出错 例：We dont (no

5、t do) our homework in the afternoon. 五、对主语的数判断有误 例： Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing. 另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主 句是何时态，从句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语 从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。 初中英语八种时态 5.中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟 （2009东城区一模）东城区一模）Mary_ the piano well. She is often asked to play at the concert. A. play B. plays C. playing D.

6、 played (2009海淀区一模）海淀区一模）My mother will take me to the movie if she _ free this weekend. A. is B. will be C. was D. would be (2009崇文区一模崇文区一模)The girls will have a trip if it _fine. A. is B. was C. will be D. has been (2008北京北京)Hell send us a message as soon as he _ in Sichuan. A. is arriving B. will

7、 arrive C. arrived D. arrives （2007武汉）武汉）What do you do? Im an engineer. I _ in a company in Wuhan. I like my job very much. A. work B. had worked C. will work D. worked (2006武汉武汉)Is your father a doctor? Yes, he is. He_ in Town Hospital. A. has worked B. had worked C. works D. worked (2006陕西陕西)Ever

8、y year many foreigners _to China to learn Chinese. A. have come B. comes C. came D. come 初中英语八种时态 二、现在进行时二、现在进行时( present continuous tense) 1构成构成 be（am/is/are）+动词的现在分 词 初中英语八种时态 2用法用法 a. 表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。 He is eating an ice cream.他正在吃冰激凌。 Lets wait. The children are crossing the street. b. 表示当前一段时期内的

9、活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时不一 定正在进行）。 We are working on a farm these days? 这些天我们在一个农场干活。 c. 表示位置移动或趋向的词，如go，come, start，leave, arrive, move等常用进行时表将来。 He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. Im coming! Whats the score now? 我就来！现在比分是多少？ We are moving to a big house next month. 下个月我们将搬到一所大 房子里。 d. 与always, constant

10、ly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持 续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind. 初中英语八种时态 3.现在分词的构成规则现在分词的构成规则 1）一般情况， 在动词后加ing，例词work- working，study-studying，go-going 2）以不发音的e结尾，去e再加-ing，例词 have-having，live-living，take-taking 3）重读闭音节，只有一个辅音字母结尾， 双写该辅音字母，再加-ing， 例词cut-cutting stop-stopping，forge

11、t- forgetting，begin-beginning 4）以ie结尾，变ie为y再加-ing，例词die- dying，lie-lying，tie-tying 初中英语八种时态 4. 形式形式 肯定句否定句疑问句 简要回答 I am studying. I am not studying.Am I studying? Yes，I am/ No，I am not. 初中英语八种时态 5. 一般现在时和现在进行时的区别一般现在时和现在进行时的区别 (1) 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，现 在进行时表示正在发生的行为。 a. He is cleaning his room now.他在打

12、扫房间。 He cleans his room every day.他每天都要打扫房 间。 b.They are visiting China.他们正在中国观光。 They often come to China for a visit.他们经常来 中国观光。 (2) 一般现在时表示现在的状态。 He likes jiaozi. They have a lot of friends 初中英语八种时态 考例：Mr. Smith _ short stories, but he _ a TV play these days. A. is writing is writing B. is writin

13、g writes C. writesis writing D. writes writes 6.中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟 (2009崇文区二模崇文区二模)Dont turn off the radio. I _ to the news. A. listen B. have listened C. listened D. am listening (2009朝阳区一模朝阳区一模)Have you seen Mr. Smith? Yes. Look, he _ his bike over there. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaning D. has cle

14、aned (2009海淀区一模海淀区一模)Wheres Susan, Mike? She _ in the kitchen. A. cooks B. cooked C. is cooking D. has cooked (2009西城区一模西城区一模)Have you got a job offer? Not yet. I _. A. waited B. am waiting C. wait D. was waiting (2009宣武区一模宣武区一模)Do you think John will help me move the piano? Youd better not ask him.

15、 He _ a composition. A. write B. writes C. is writing D. wrote (2009崇文区一模崇文区一模)Wheres the children, Mr Black? Oh, they _ their PE lesson on the playground. A. have B. had C. are having D. have had （2008北京）北京）Dont turn on the TV. Grandma _ now. A. is sleeping B. will sleep C. slept D. sleeps 初中英语八种时态

16、 (2007北京北京)What are you doing, Cathy? Im _my cat. I cant find it. A. looking for B. looking at C. looking up D. looking after （2006北京）北京）Whats your brother doing in his room now? He _ a kite. A. makes B. made C. is making D. will make (2005北京北京) -Where is Frank now? -He _ his bike in the yard. A. fi

17、xes up B. fixing up C. is fixing up D. fixed （2008辽宁）辽宁）Mary,could you help me? Wait a moment. I _. A. read a book B. did my homework C. was watching TV D. am cooking dinner (2007浙江浙江)Listen，who _ in the room? Lets go and see. A. is crying B. crying C. cry D. cries They _ about “Supper Voice Girl”.l

18、ets join them. A. talk B. are talking C. have talked D. talked (2006山东威海山东威海)Are you a baby-sister here? No. I _after the baby instead of Ms Green.She is away for shopping. A. look B. am looking C. have looked D. looked 初中英语八种时态 三一般过去时一般过去时(simple past tense) 1概念概念 一般过去时表示过去某一时 刻，某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 一

19、般过去时用动词的过去式表示。 初中英语八种时态 2构成构成 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。be的过去式 有was，were两种； have的过去式是had；规则动词的过 去式在动词词尾加-ed，具体构成规则如下： 1）一般情况，动词后加ed，例词work-worked，clean- cleaned，play-played，wash-washed 2）以不发音的e结尾，-d，例词live-lived，move-moved， hope-hoped，arrive-arrived 3）以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为 i再加-ed，例词study- studied，carry-carried，cry-cri

20、ed，identify-identified 4）以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字 母加-ed，例词plan-planned stop-stopped，beg-begged，grab-grabbed 初中英语八种时态 3用法用法 (1) 表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。如： He went shopping with his friends last week. They arrived ten minutes ago. He became a hotel manager ten years ago. Did you go to the concert last night?

21、(2) 表示在过去经常发生的动作或习惯动作。如： He visited his grandparents once a month last year. She usually went to work by car last year. When I was at school, I always went to school by bus. 初中英语八种时态 4.如何识别如何识别 一般过去时常见的标志词有： 1）. yesterday, the day before yesterday. 2）. last week / year / month / term (简称 last系列) 3）.

22、 two hours ago, three years ago, a moment ago(简称ago系列) 4）. in / on + 过去的年/月/日，如 in 1999, on April, 2005 5）. just now, once upon a time, one day 初中英语八种时态 5.易错点例析： （1）Your phone number again? I _ quite catch it. Its 4331577 A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant (2)Mr. Smith isnt coming tonight. But he _

23、. A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised (3) Hey, look where you are going! Oh, Im terribly sorry. _. A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticing C. I havent noticed D. I dont notice (4) Oh its you ! I _ you. Ive had my hair cut. A. didnt realize B. havent realized C. didnt recognize D.

24、dont recognized (5) Since youve agreed to go, why arent you getting ready? But I _ that you would have me start at once. A. dont realize B. didnt realize C. hadnt realized D. havent realized (6) Its twelve oclock, I think I must be off now. Oh, really? I _ it at all. A. dont realize B. havent realiz

25、ed C. didnt realize D. hadnt realized Key：ABBCBC 初中英语八种时态 6.中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟 (2009朝阳区一模朝阳区一模)He went into his room, _ the light and began to work. A. has turned on B. will turn on C. turns on D. turned on (2009海淀一模海淀一模)Whats the best food have you had in Beijing, Alex? Roast duck! I _to a famous resta

26、urant to have it last week. A. have gone B. go C. will go D. went (2009宣武区一模宣武区一模)Do you know how many gold medals the 23-year-old Michael Phelps _at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games? Eight. A. win B. wins C. won D. has won (2008北京北京)We were in Qingdao last week and _ great fun there. A. will have B. h

27、ave had C. had D. have (2007北京北京)What did you do after school yesterday? I _basketball with my friends. A. play B. played C. will play D. am playing （2005北京）北京）-Hi, Kate. You look tired. Whats the matter? -I _well last night. A. didnt sleep B. dont sleep C. havent slept D. wont sleep (2008四川泸州四川泸州)Y

28、esterday，Tonys family _ a good time. A. has B. have C. had （2007湖南湘潭）湖南湘潭）Im sorry youve missed the train. It _10 minutes ago. A. left B. has left C. had left 初中英语八种时态 (2007福州福州)Mr Green, _you_ Three Lanes and Alleys（三坊七巷）last Sunday? No, but Ill visit them next week. A. will; go to B. have; been to

29、 C. did; go to D. have; gone to (2007浙江浙江)What did the teacher say just now? He _us not to play computer games all day. A. tells B. told C. has told D. is told (2007江西江西)Inventors have changed the way we live. So they are famous for the great things they _. A. do B. did C. are doing D. had done (06江

30、西江西)Wheres the cake I made this morning? We _ it, mum. Can you make another one for us? A. ate B. eat C. will it D. were eating (2006天津天津)Have you mended your shoes，Bob? Yes，I_ them twenty minutes ago Ahave mended Bmend Chad mended Dmended (2006威海威海)The office was broken into last nightSomeone think

31、s you did it But I_ the whole night with my best friend，John Aspend Bam spending Cspent Dhad spent 初中英语八种时态 四一般将来时（四一般将来时（the future tense） 用法：用法：表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或 存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生 的动作。I am going to/will watch a football match this evening. 初中英语八种时态 形式：形式：（1）“be going to/助动词will/be to+动词原形”， 主语是I、we

32、时，助动词也可用shall. be going to do 表 示根据计划或安排将要做某事，也可表示根据目前情况 判断很有可能但不是注定会发生某事；will/ shall do表示 根据计划或安排将要做某事，也可以表示不以人的意志 为转移的客观规律，be to do表示根据计划或安排将要 做某事，也可以表示征求对方意见，还可以表示必要性 或可能性。 Eg. He will go to his hometown next week. They are going to meet outside the school gate. (2) come，go, start, move, sail, le

33、ave等非延续性动词 常用进行时表示按计划将要发生的事。 Eg. The whole family is going for two weeks.全家要去 两个星期。 My sister is coming to see me. Shell be here soon. （3）在时间或条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替 一般将来时。 Eg. Ill go to see you if it doesnt rain tomorrow. 初中英语八种时态 常用的时间状语：常用的时间状语：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next time, “in+一般时间”,fro

34、m now on, later(on),soon等。 初中英语八种时态 中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟 (2009朝阳区一模朝阳区一模) I _ to the bookshop as soon as school is over this afternoon. A. will go B. have gone C. go D. went (2009西城区一模西城区一模)When _ for Hong Kong, do you know? Im not sure. When he _, Ill let you know. A. he leaves ;leaves B. will he leave;

35、will leave C. he leaves; will leave D. will he leave;leaves (2009崇文区一模崇文区一模)Where will they go next Sunday? They _ to the Great Wall. A. will go B. go C. has gone D. went (2007北京北京)I _the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow. A. will return B. returned C. have returned D. return （2005北京）北京）Frank _ a f

36、ilm if hes free next Saturday. A. see B. saw C. has seen D. will see I want to know _the day after tomorrow. A. what he will do B. what will he do C. what he did D. what did he do 初中英语八种时态 （2008襄樊）襄樊）Has he returned the library book yet? Not yet. Dont worry. He _it soon. A. returned B. has returned

37、C. will return D. returns (2007河南河南)Look at the noisy kids! Havent you heard the saying “When the cat is away, the mice _.”? A. play B. played C. are playing D. will play (2006厦门厦门)He doesnt tell me when he_. Ill call you up as soon as he _. A. will come, arrives B. comes, arrives C. will come, will

38、 arrive (2006常德常德)If it_ tomorrow, we_ travel outside. A. will rain; will B. rains; wont C. will rain; wont (2006江西江西)Jim, can you help me to wash the dishes? Sorry, Dad. I_ to the shop. A. go B. went C. am going D. have been (2008广东广东) I hear that he will be back _ two weeks time. A. at B. in C. af

39、ter D. for 初中英语八种时态 、现在完成时、现在完成时( Present Perfect Tense), 现在完成时是初中英语中最重要也最难掌 握的一个时态，同时也是中考英语中一个 最重要的时态考点. 初中英语八种时态 基本构成基本构成 “have / has+过去分词” 其中 have / has 为助动词，构成疑问句时，可将 其提前；构成否定句时，可直接在其后加 not. 助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。 它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分 词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 初中英语八种时态 2、主要用法、主要用法 现在完成时主要有两种用法，一种是已完成用法，也叫影响性用

40、法； 另一种是未完成用法，也叫持续性用法。两种用法的特点是： 1). 已完成用法（影响性用法）：表示动作发生在过去某个不太确过去某个不太确 定的时间定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果，同时说话者强调或感兴 趣的就是这个影响或结果.还可表示刚刚、已经做完某事，曾经或未曾 做某事。常与already, just, yet，ever, never，the past few years， before等连用,如： Has she found her car key？ 她找到她的车钥匙了吗？（对现在的影 响或结果：她能开她的车了吗？） -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes, I

41、 have. Ive just had it. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了） Astronauts have already been to the moon.宇航员已经去过月球了。 I havent read your novel yet.我还没有读你的小说。 He has never driven a car before. 他过去从未开过车。 Have you ever been a teacher？ 你当过教师吗？ Our hometown has changed a lot in the past few years. 我们家乡在 过去的几年里变化很大。 初中

42、英语八种时态 2). 未完成用法（持续性用法）：该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去 发生的动作并未在过去完成，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续 下去（也可能到此结束）。常有下列标志：for+时间段时间段（ten years, a long time等）；since+时间点时间点（two oclock, August 2003,等）； recently，so far, up to now等。如： How have you been？ 你近来怎样？ She has been a teacher for 20 years. 她已当了20年的老师。 How long have you been in Shanghai？ 你在上海已经多久了？ I havent seen her since last week. 自上周以来我一直未见过她。 I met him in 1975 and havent seen him since then. 1975年我见过 他，但自那以后就一直未见到他。 注：1.除以上用法外，现在完成时还可表示