微电子专业外语1

1、 课程目的：v掌握一定数量的专业词汇v长难句子的理解和翻译。v快速阅读外文文献v工作交流，科研，进修专业外语的课程目的 教学方法：v实践类课程，以学生翻译为主v老师对重点专业词汇，及较难懂的句子给以讲述长难句子的理解和翻译。v考核形式：平时成绩（课上翻译+课堂作业）+考试成绩（内容为课上练习）专业外语的教学方法 Basic MOS Device PhysicsvIn studying the design of integrated circuits, one of two extreme approaches can be taken: (1) begin with quantum v-in

2、g分词可以和一些介词如in, on, after, against, before, by, for, without, besides等构成短语，在句中作状语。Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit -ing分词v两个例子：vHe left ahead of time without saying a word. 他一句话也没说就提前离开了。vBesides cooking and sewing, she had to take care of four children.除了做饭和缝纫以外，她还要照顾四个孩子。Design of Analog CO

3、MS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv (1) begin with quantum mechanics and u n d e r s t a n d s o l i d - s t a t e p h y s i c s , semiconductor device physics, device modeling, and finally the design of circuits; vbegin with and finally v;Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit 英语写作常用表

4、层进v first, firstly, begin with, second, secondly, start with, third, thirdly, whats more, also and then, and equally important, besides in addition, last, last but not the leastDesign of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv(2) treat each semiconductor device as a black box whose

5、behavior is described in terms of its terminal voltages and currents and design circuits with little attention to the internal operation of the device. v注意断句注意断句(and and)，whose， in terms of Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit whosevwhose 是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词， 它是关系代词who的所有格，在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose 引导定语从句，

6、它既可以指代人，也可以指代物，既可引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。 vThey lives in a room whose window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit In terms ofv就.而论;在.方面In terms of money, hes quite rich, but not in terms of happiness. 就钱来说他很富有,但就幸福来说就不然了。Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circui

7、t Basic MOS Device PhysicsvExperience shows that neither approach is optimum. In the first case, the reader cannot see the relevance of all of the physics to designing circuits, and in the second, he/she is constantly mystified by the contents of the black box.v注意注意neither ， In the first case ， rele

8、vance Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit neithereither和neither的用法： either意思是“两个中间的任何一个”；neither是either的否定形式,意思是“两个都不”。 neither和either在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等,都用作单数单数。 如：I dont care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do. (我不介意喝些什么,两个之中随便哪个都行) -Will you go there by bus or by car? Neither. I w

9、ill go there by train.(你坐公车去还是坐轿车去？一个都不坐,我坐火车去。) Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit relevancerelevance relvns n. 关联；适当；中肯relevance theory 关联理论 ; 相关理论 ; 关联论 ; 相关原则 relevance ranking 相关性排名 ; 相关排序 ; 相关性排序 relevance logic 相干逻辑 Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device PhysicsvIn to

10、days IC industry, a solid understanding of semiconductor devices is essential, more so in analog design than in digital design because in the farmer, transistors are not considered as simple switches and many of their second-order effects directly impact the performance.v注意注意IC, semiconductor, solid

11、, transistors, more so, second-order effects Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit IC, semiconductor IC缩写词 abbr. integrated circuit【电子】集成电路Semiconductor,semikndkt, ,semai-n. 电子物 半导体National Semiconductor 国家半导体 ; 国家半导体公司 ; 美国国家半导体公司 ; 美国国家半导体 Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Solid understa

12、nding, more so solid understanding 牢靠理解例子：I have solid understanding of accounting concepts , an analytical mind and a strong attention to detail . more so 更是这样， 尤其如此例子：But equally important - and sometimes even more so - is how you achieve those results . 但同样重要有时甚至更重要的是你怎样获得这些结果。 Design of Analog C

13、OMS Integrated Circuit transistors, second-order effectstransistors n. 晶体管；晶体三极管Moore s Law states that the number of transistors on a chip doubles every 18 months . 摩尔定律是指一个芯片上的晶体管数量每18个月翻一番。second-order effects次级效应 While it did not suffer a western -style financial crisis , it was hit hard by the

14、second-order effects , as exports suddenly collapsed. Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device PhysicsvFurthermore, as each new generation of IC technologies scales the devices, these effects become more significant.v注意注意technologies, scales, effectsvScales n. 天平；磅秤；鳞屑；缩放Design of A

15、nalog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device PhysicsvSince the designer must often decide which effects can be neglected in a given circuit, insight into device operation proves invaluable.v注意注意given, insight, invaluableDesign of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit given, insightgiven prep. 考虑到given ho

16、rsepower 给定马力 given frequency 已知频率 Cannot determine the device type from the given filename extension . 无法通过给定的文件扩展名确定设备类型。 insight n. 洞察力；洞悉insight into 深刻理解，洞察 gain an insight into 看透， 识破 Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit invaluableWorthless adj.无用的；不值钱的Valueless adj.不足道的；毫无价值的，不值钱的Priceles

17、s adj.贵重得无法衡量价值的，无价的；极为有趣的Invaluable adj.无价的，价值无法衡量的Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit invaluablevaluable, invaluable valueless, valued用法区别区别一：valuable (宝贵的，有价值的)和 invaluable (极宝贵的，极有价值的)并不是一对反义词，而是一对意义相近的词，后者比前者语气更强，相当于 extremely valuable。如：It was a valuable (an invaluable) painting. 那是一幅很有(极

18、有)价值的画。Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit invaluable区别二：valuable (宝贵的，有价值的)与 valueless (无价值的，没有用的)是一对反义词。如：The metal looked like gold, but in fact it was valueless worthless. 这块金属看起来像黄金，但实际上不值钱。注：valueless 和 worthless 是同义词，均指“无价值的”、 “不值钱的”。Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit invaluable区别三

19、：valued 表示“珍贵的”、“宝贵的”，指对某人来说是珍贵的，但对别人来说却并非如此。如：The portrait of his grandfather was his most valued possession. 祖父的像片是他最珍贵的东西。Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device PhysicsvIn this chapter, we study the physics of MOSFETs at an elementary level, covering the bare minimum that is ne

20、cessary for basic analog design.v注意注意elementary adj. 基本的；初级的；化学 元素的Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device PhysicsvThe ultimate goal is still to develop a circuit model for each device by formulating its operation, but this is accomplished with a good understanding of the underlyin

21、g principles.v注意注意by formulating, accomplished with Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit by formulating, accomplished with -ing分词可以和一些介词如in, on, after, against, before, by, for, without, besides等构成短语，在句中作状语。accomplished with完成Both of these tasks are accomplished with the var statement.这两个任务都是用va

22、r语句完成的。Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv After studying many analog circuits in Chapters 3 through 13 and gaining motivation for a deeper understanding of devices, we return to the subject in Chapter 16 and deal with other aspects of MOS operation.v注意注意otherDesign of

23、 Analog COMS Integrated Circuit other1. other后既可接可数名词复数形式又可接不可数名词，如：可数，other pencils 其它的铅笔，other students 其他的学生。不可数other tea 其它的茶，other information 别的/其它消息。 2. another 后一般要接可数名词的单数。如：another bike , another room ,但其后也可接few 或数词再接可数名词的复数形式。如：another few books 另外的一些书，another then days 还有十天，等等。Design of

24、Analog COMS Integrated Circuit other3. the other 定指其它的，其后可接可数名词和单数，如：the other book 另外的一本书，the other map 另一张地图，其后也可跟可数名词的复数形式，如：the other flowers 其他的花朵，the other teachers 其它的老师们，还可以接不可数名词，如：the other water 剩下的水，the other beer 别的啤酒Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv We

25、begin our study with the structure of MOS transistors and derive their I/V characteristics. Next, we describe second-order effects such as body effect, channel-length modulation, and subthreshold conduction.v注意注意body effect, channel-length modulation, subthreshold conductionDesign of Analog COMS Int

26、egrated Circuit body effect, channel-length modulation,body effect衬底效应 体效应channel-length modulation沟道长度调制subthreshold conduction亚阈值传导亚阈值传导Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv We then identify the parasitic capacitances of MOSFETs, derive a small-signal model, and presen

27、t a simple SPICE model.v注意注意parasitic, derive, SPICE Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Parasitic, derive, Parasitic英音：,prsitik美音：,prstk寄生的derive英音：diraiv美音：drav取得,得到Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit SPICESPICE（Simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis）是最为普遍的电路级模拟程序，各软件厂家提供提供了

28、Vspice、Hspice、Pspice等不同版本spice软件，其仿真核心大同小异，都是采用了由美国加州Berkeley大学开发的spice模拟算法。.subckt nand op a b.endDesign of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv We assume that the reader is familiar with such basic concepts as doping, mobility, and pn junctions.v注意注意doping, mobility, and pn jun

29、ctionsDesign of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit doping, mobility, doping 英 dupi 美 dop n. (半导体)掺杂(质)，加添加剂填料mobility英音：mubiliti美音：moblt 迁移率pn junctions pn结结Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuitso as to Basic MOS Device Physicsv Before delving into the actual operation of the MOSFET, we consider a si

30、mplistic model of the device so as to gain a feeling for what the transistor is expected to be and which aspects of its behavior are important.v注意注意delving into, so as toDesign of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit delving into, so as to delving intodelve delv vi. 钻研；探究；挖Delving into books 啃书本so as to以便

31、The test questions are kept secret, so as to prevent cheating. 试题必须保密,以防作弊。 Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv Shown in Fig. 2.1 is the symbol for an n-type MOSFET, revealing three terminals: gate(G), source (S), and drain(D). The latter two are interchangeable becaus

32、e the device is symmetric.Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv When operating as a switch, the transistor connects the source and the drain together if the gate voltage, VG is ”high” and isolates the source and the drain if the gate voltage, VG is ”low”.vVGDesign of Ana

33、log COMS Integrated Circuit In other wordsv in other words 换句话说 In other words, she must give up singing.换言之, 她必须放弃唱歌。 in a word v总之 In a word, I cant go out as I have many things to do. 总而言之, 我不能出去, 因为我有许多事情要做。Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv What is resistance bet

34、ween S and D when the device is on (or off)? How does this resistance depend on the terminal voltages?v注意depend on Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit depend onv depend on v依赖；依靠 His family depend on him.他的一家人全靠他养活。 v取决于（某人或某事） The amount you pay depends on where you live.你付钱多少取决于你住在哪里。 Design

35、of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit depend onvdependent 依靠的；依赖的 vdependent是depend的形容词形式。 dependent on 取决于（某事物） vThe success of the show is always dependent on the weather.演出能否成功总是取决于天气情况。Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv Can we always model the path between S and D by

36、a simple linear resistor? What limits the speed of the device? Fig.2.2 shows a simplified structure of an n-type MOS (NMOS) device.Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv Fabricated on a p-type substrate (also called the bulk or the body), the device consists of two heavil

37、y-doped n regions forming the source and drain terminals, a heavily-doped (conductive) piece of polysilicon (often simply called poly) operating as the gate, and a thin layer of silicon dioxide (SiO2) insulating the gate from the substrate.Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Fabricated， heavily

38、-doped， polysiliconv fabricated制造，组装；伪造，捏造（fabricate的过去分词）fabricated Product 加工制品 fabricated structure 装配式结构 vheavily-doped高掺杂vpolysilicon plisilikn 晶体 多晶硅Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit silicon dioxidev silicon dioxidev二氧化硅native silicon dioxide 天然二氧化硅 silicon dioxide etching 二氧化硅腐蚀 silico

39、n dioxide masking 二氧化硅掩蔽 Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit Basic MOS Device Physicsv The useful action of the device occurs in the substrate region under the gate oxide. Note that the structure is symmetric with respect to S and D.Design of Analog COMS Integrated Circuit课上作业CMOS circuits are used in many applications from gate arrays to control logic. They have the advantage over NMOS circuits in that they do not require active pull-up loads. For a CMOS inverter stage only one of the transistors conduct at a time. In the low