土木工程材料词汇汉英对照

1、土木工程材料词汇汉英对照AAtterberg limits阿太堡界限Auste nite奥氏体BDams坝Degree Of saturati on饱和度Specific surface比表面积specific gravity比重surface tension表面张力glacial till冰渍Glass-fibre reinforced plastics玻璃纤维增强塑料Poiss ons ratio泊松比Portla nd ceme nt波特兰水泥chemical compositi on化学成分settl ing of paste浆体的凝结harde ning of paste整体的硬化t

2、ypes品种stre ngth强度hydrati on水化finen ess细度manu facture制造Portland cemen, grades波特兰水泥的标号white and coloured白色和彩色波特兰水泥blast fur nace波特兰高炉水泥ultra-high. Early-strength超高早强波特兰水泥low-heat blast furn ace低热波特兰高炉水泥low-heat低热波特兰水泥waterproof防水波特兰水泥sulphate-resist ing抗硫酸盐波特兰水泥rapid-harde ning快硬波特兰水泥ordinary普通波特兰水泥ex

3、tra-rapid-harde ning特快硬波特兰水泥air-e ntraning引气波特兰水泥hydrophobic憎水波特兰本泥Steel, sta ini ess不锈钢CLayered soil层状土Overc on solidati on ratio超固结比(OCR)Quick clay超灵敏度土Sedimentation test沉淀试验Settleme nt沉降con solidati on Settleme nt固结沉降Immediate Settleme nt瞬时沉降prediction Settlement预测沉降Recrystallisati on重结晶Con siste

4、 ncy in dex稠度指数Thixotropy触变性Falsework carpe ntry粗木工Quenching淬火Brittle fracture脆性断裂DDarcys law达西定律Si ngle crystals单晶Un it cell单位晶胞Weight unit单位重Thermal con ductivity导热系数Bin der mixtures for roads道路胶结料混合物Equi-viscoustemperature(e. v. t)等粘滞温度(e V- t)Eutectic低共熔groun dwater地下水groun dwater flow地下水流动groun

5、 dwater surface地下水面Phreatic surface地下水位表面Piezometric surface地下水位计表面GeoTextiles地用织物Lattice structures点阵结构Electroplati ng电镀Electrode pote ntlials电极电位Electro ns电子Precipitati on harde ning淀析硬化Heave, frost冻胀Galva nisi ng镀锌Wrought steel锻钢Polymorphic cha nge多晶型变化FReact ion wood反作甩式木材Tanking防潮处理Protective c

6、oati ngs防护涂料（见腐蚀防护和 个别材料的条目）Non destructive test ing非破损性试验pull-out test拔出试验ultras onic pulse method超声波脉冲法break-off test断裂试验res onance method共振法pen etrati on test贯人试验hard ness method硬度方法Resolved shear stress分解剪应力Effloresce nee粉化Silt粉土Corrosi on腐蚀steel钢腐蚀alumi nium铝腐蚀copper铜腐蚀Corrosi on preve nti on腐蚀

7、防护commerclad steels工业等级钢的防腐蚀alloys合金的防腐蚀Composites复合材料GDry rot干腐Steel钢forgi ngs锻件grades钢号heat treatme nt热处理casti ngs铸件Temperi ng of steel钢的回火Rusti ng of steel钢的生锈Con crete, high stre ngth高强混凝土Ani sotropy各向异性Copolymers共聚物Eutectoid共析Oedometer test固结试验Solid soluti ons固溶体in terstitial间隙固溶体substituti ona

8、l置换固溶体Pipi ng管材Pipi ng管涌grouts灌浆Darcy equati on, exte nded广义达西方程见砖硅酸钙砖Filters. criteri on for过滤体的准则Overburde n stress过载应力0verheated steel过热钢HWater content含水量optimum最佳含水量Weldi ng焊接Macrostructure宏观结构Macrofabric宏观构造Slip滑移Slip bands滑移带Compo unds化合物Loess黄土Activity活性Recovery恢复Con crete混凝土specificati on分类n

9、on destructive testi ng非破损性试验flow ing流态混凝土mix desig n配合比设计trial mixes试配admixtures外加剂fresh, properties of新拌混凝土的性质curi ng养护hardened properties of硬化混凝土的性质quality con trol质量控制con stitue nts组成Deformati on of con crete混凝土的变形Poisson s ratio泊松比timedepe ndency经时变形shri nkage收缩modulus of elasticity弹性模量specific

10、ation of concrete混凝土的分类desig ned mixes设计混合料prescribed mixes指定混合料Workability of con crete混凝土的合易性compact ing factor test捣实因数试验measureme nt测量flowtable test流动桌试验slump felt塌落度试验V-B con sistometer testV-B稠度试验factors affecti ng影响合易性的因素Segregati on of con crete混凝土的离析见砌块混凝土砌块Stren gth of con crete混凝土的强度sta n

11、dard deviati on标准离差modulus of rupture断裂模量ten sile抗拉强度compressive抗压强度desig n mean设计平均强度characteristic特征强度factors in flue ncing影响混凝土强度的因素丁Durability of con crete混凝土的耐久性weatheri ng风化chemical attack化学侵蚀alkali-aggregate react ions碱-集料反应sulphate attack硫酸盐侵蚀wear磨损leach ing溶析permeability渗透性volume cha nges体积

12、变化absorpti on吸水性Shrin kage of con crete混凝土的收缩dryi ng干燥收缩plastic塑性收缩autoge neous自动收缩Deformati on of con crete elastic混凝土的弹性变形Stability of con crete混凝土的稳定性segregati on离析bleedi ng泌水Concrete. properties混凝土的性质deformati on变形workability和易性durability耐久性stre ngth强度permeability渗透性shri nkage收缩stability稳定性Defor

13、matio n of con crete creep混凝土的徐变变形Curing of con crete混凝土的养护Quality con trol of Con crete混凝土质量控制sta ndard deviati on标准离差cumulative Bum con trol chart累计控制图表Shewart con trol chart谢瓦尔特控制图表JMecha ni cal twining机械双晶作用Flett on brick机制砖Aggregates集料coarse粗集料no rmal普通集料lightweight轻集料all-in天然混合集料fine细集料heavywe

14、ight重集料Aggregate properties集料的性质deformati on变形surface texture表面织构equivale nt mean diameter当量平均直径moisture content含水量grad ing级配grad ing modulus级配模量porosity孔隙率types品种stre ngth强度tough ness韧性physical properties物理性质relative den sity相对密度shape形状hard ness硬度Filters, graded级配过滤体Varved clay季节性粘上Work harde ning加

15、工硬化Filters, loaded加载滤体Dilata ncy剪胀性Glued lam in ated timber胶合木Bi nders胶结料tars焦油胶结料bitume ns沥青胶结料Bin der mixtures胶结料混合物rubberised bin ders掺橡胶的胶结料emulsio ns乳化胶结培料cutbacks稀释胶结料pitch bitumen blends碰煤沥青一沥青胶结料 混合物Bin der properties胶结料性质stiff ness modulus刚度模量chemical properties化学性质durability耐久性softe ning p

16、oint软化点physical properties物理性质adhesi on粘合性pen etrati on in dex针入度指数Cross-l inking交联Tar焦油Tarmacadam焦油碎石路Con tact moisture接触水分steel structural结构钢Structural carpe ntry结构木工marine work海洋工程con structio nal work结构工程Deformatio n of metals金属的变形Plastic塑性变形elastic弹性变形Crystalline structure of metals金属的晶体结构Ten s

17、ile properties of metals金属的抗拉性质defi niti on定义参见个别材料条目alloys & steeI合金和钢Streng the ning of metals金属的强化Close pack ing紧密堆积Grain boun dary晶界Grain晶粒Grain structure晶粒结构Grain growth晶粒生长Polypropyle ne聚丙烯Poly( Vin yl acetate)聚醋酸乙烯酯Polymerisatio n聚合Polymers聚合物Defin iti on定义alleye聚合物hybrids共和物grouts灌浆process i

18、ng加工fire behaviour可燃性cha in链membra nes膜durability耐久性viscoelasticity粘弹性compo unding配料types品种foams泡沫cellular泡沫的.多孔的emulsio ns乳液乳化abbreviati ons缩写词additives添加剂hydrocarb on烃类n etwork网状fibres纤维fibre-rei nforced纤维增强properties性质creep徐变adhesives黏合剂beari ngs支承textiles织物Durability of poymers聚合物的耐久性Concreie, p

19、olymer-modified聚合物改性混凝土Poly(vinyl chloride)聚氯乙烯Poly(tetrafluorethyle ne)聚四氟乙烯Polyamides聚酰胺Polyethyle ne聚乙烯Polyesters聚酯Uni formity coefficie nt均匀系数KAngle of shearing resoistanee抗剪角undrained不排水的residual残余effective, drained有效的，排水的Shear stre ngth抗剪强度tests抗剪强度试验in site现场抗剪强度Particle size distributi on颗粒粒

20、径分布Particle shape and texture颗粒形状和织物Weldability可焊性structural steel结构钢可焊性a|uminium alloys铝合金可焊性A1r voids content空气孔隙含量Void ratio孔隙比maximum and minimum取大和取小孔隙比Porosity孔隙度Porewater孔隙水Suction, porewater空隙水负压Porewater pressure孔隙水压力Con trol charts控制图表cumulative sum累计控制图表LCumulative sum tech niq ues累计技术Col

21、d work冷加工Ann eali ng after cold work冷加工后退火Asphalt沥青fine cold精制冷沥青mastic玛蹄酯compressed n atural rock浓缩天然岩沥青hot-rolled热碾沥青Bituminous materials沥青材料for roads道路用沥青材料for waterproof coati ngs防水涂层用沥青材料for hydraulic works水利工程用沥青材料Bituminous road, materials沥青道路材料bases底层base course垫层weari ng course耐磨层Bitume n p

22、ermittivity沥青的介电常数Bitu minous mixtures沥青混合物an alysis分析workability和易性（施工度）durability耐久性stre ngth强度flexibility柔韧性desig n设计performa nee tests性能试验Asphaltic con crete沥青混凝土gravel砾石Mecha ni cal an alysis力学分析Critical void ratio临界孔隙比Sulphate attack硫酸盐侵蚀Alumi nium铝commercial grades工业等级铝Alumi nium wrought allo

23、ys铝可锻合金Alumi nium casti ng alloys铝铸造合金MMarte nsite马氏体Marshall test马歇尔试验Capillary rise毛细管水上升Capillary fringe毛细管边缘Capillary sipho n毛细管虹吸Capillary water毛细管水Sen sitivity敏感性Mohr failure env elope摩尔破坏包络线Mohr diagram摩尔圆Stress of point某一点应力Timber木材preservati on防腐seas oning干燥moisture content含水量durability耐久性t

24、ypes品种stre ngth强度in festatio n侵害defects缺陷cell structure细胞结构uses应用Timber preservati on木材的防腐ope n tank applicati on敞箱作业preservatives防腐剂pressure applicati on加压作业steep ing浸泡dipp ing浸蘸brush applicati on刷涂作业delug ing淹浸Preservatives for timber木材的防腐剂tar oil焦油防腐剂water-soluble水溶性防腐剂orga nic solve nt有机溶剂防腐剂Tim

25、ber seas oning木材的干燥air seas oning通风干燥kil n drying窑干Cohesi on木材的含水量Conv ersi on of timber术材的锯制Durability of timber木材的耐久性Strength of timber木材的强度stress grad ing应力等级Infestation of timber木材的侵害in sects昆虫侵害fun gal growth真菌生长侵害Defects in timber木材的缺陷seas oning干燥缺陷chemical化学缺陷con versi on锯制缺陷n atural天然缺陷Knots

26、木节NNylon尼龙Pest泥炭Viscosity粘度viscometers粘度计coefficie nt粘度系数pen etrati on test针入度试验Viscometers粘度计sta ndard tar标准焦油粘度计e. v. i等帖滞温度粘度计sliding plate滑板粘度计capillary毛细管粘度计tors ion旋转粘度计Clay粘土quick超灵敏粘土marine海洋粘土Clay products粘土制口口见砖粘土砖Cohesi on粘性PDrain age排水Filters, drain age排水过滤体Mix desi gn配合比设计trial mixes试配S

27、welli ng in dex膨胀系数pF valuepF值pH valuepH值Fatigue疲劳Boulders漂砾石Equilibrium diagrams平衡图alumi nium-mag nesium铝镁平衡图alu minium copper铝一铜平衡图prin ciples平衡图原理lead-ti n铅一锡平衡图iron-carb on铁一碳平衡图copper-ti n铜一锡平衡图copper-z inc铜一锌平衡图Steel, pla in carb on普通碳钢QPai nt漆Block砌块size尺寸dime nsional cha nges尺寸变化thermal con

28、ductivity导热性basic forms基本型式aggregate con crete集混凝土砌块aerated con crete加气混凝土砌块den sity密度solderi ng耐久性stre ngth强度properties性质manu facture制造con stitue nt materials组成材料见砖砌体和砌块砌体砌块砌体Lead铅Braz ing钎焊Notch ductility切口延性Steel no tch ductile切口延性钢Etchi ng侵蚀Can als渠道Curvature, coefficie nt曲率系数RHeat treatme nt热处理

29、steel铜的热处理aluminium alloys铝合金的热处理Thermal tran smitta nee热传导率Thermosets热固性塑料process ing加工Hot work ing热如工Thermoplastics热塑性塑料Thermal resista nee热阻Leach ing溶析作用Density, bulk容量，密度saturated饱和容重dry干容重submerged淹没容重n atural自然容重Creep蠕变Emulsi ons乳液，乳化emulsify ing age nts乳化剂Head of water软焊softe ning point软化点rin

30、g and ball test环-球试验Softwoods软木STriaxial compressi on apparatus三轴压缩仪Sand砂Sand asphalt砂性沥青Sand mastic砂性玛碲脂Flash point闪点Ceme ntite渗碳体Permeability coefficie nt渗透系数Permeability渗透性Permeability, test for渗透性试验Wet corrosi on湿腐蚀Wet rot湿腐朽Age harde ning时效硬化Trees树classificati on分类conv ersi on锯制growth structure

31、生长结构cellular structure细胞状结构Water水Hydraulic gradie nt水力梯度Ceme nt水泥Portla nd波特兰水泥supersulphated超硫酸盐水泥high-alumi na咼铝水泥pozzola nic火山灰质水泥slag矿渣水泥types品种Head of water水头Relaxati on松弛Plastics塑性（参见聚合物和个别材 料条目）pipe管材塑料structure结构用塑料coati ngs涂料塑料Plastic limit塑限Plasticity in dex塑性指数Shrin kage limit缩限TElasticit

32、y弹性Modulus of elasticity弹性模量E1wtomers弹性体Carbon atio n碳化作用Steel for specific uses特殊用途钢cladd ing包覆用钢high ten sile bolts高抗拉力螺栓用钢con crete rein forceme nt混凝土钢筋bridge wire桥梁用钢丝railways铁路用钢prestressed con crete预应力混凝土用钢Filler填料Fill填土Ferrite铁素体Copper铜Terrain diagram透视图Coati ngs涂料soil土tran sported搬运土residual

33、残积土explorati on勘探descripti on描述Swelli ng and mon swelli ng膨胀和非膨胀土壤origin土的起源stabilisati on稳定作用field ide ntificatio n现场鉴定colour颜色orga nic有机的土Soil profile土的剖面Compact ion of soils土的压实Classificati on system for soil土分类系统Chemical content of soils土化学组成含量Compressibility of soil structure土结构的压缩性Ann eali ng退

34、火WAdmixtures外加剂superplasticisers超塑化剂accelerati ng age nts促凝剂water-repelli ng age nts防水剂retarders缓凝剂pozzola nas火山灰water-reducets减水剂plasticisers塑化剂pore fillers填充剂pigme nts颜料air-e ntrai ning age nts引气剂bonding age nts粘结剂Microstructure微观结构Microfabric微细构造造Dislocati ons位错Unconfined compressi on stre ngth无侧限抗压强度XTin锡Cutbacks稀释Fin ishi ng joi nery细木工Field ide ntificati on现场鉴定Phases相relative den sity相对密度见平衡图相图Zi nc锌Heartwood心材gree n timber新鲜木材Creep徐变YCompressi on压缩con stra ined侧限压缩elastic弹性压缩Compressibility压缩性coefficie nt of volume体积压缩系数coefficie nt压缩系救Compressi on in dex压缩指数Rooks岩石metamorphic变质岩ign