现在完成时被动语态

1、一构成：现在完成时被动语态的结构就是: 现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合. 主动语态 被动语态 现在完成时 have/has done have/has been done 试比较以下几组句子的谓语结构： 1) 主动句：He has repaired the machine for two hours. （他修理这台机器已有两小时了） _. （这台机器已修了两小时了） 被动句：2).? 主动句：The teacher has borrowed the books.? （老师把那些书借走了） _. （那些书被老师借走了）.? 被动句：二现在完成时被动语态的概念 现在完成时被动语态强调一个发生在过

2、去的被动性动作对现在造成的影响，它有两层意思： _ ，强调对现在造成的影响或结果：1) 动作_。如： 2）主语与谓语动词之间为 Our classroom has been cleaned, you neednt clean it now. 析:该句强调教室已被打扫，对现在造成的影响是教室是干净的，强调这个影响，你就没必要再打扫了。 三、现在完成时被动语态的主要用法 _。如： 1). 主语是行为动作的 The Temple of Zhang Fei has been rebuilt. 张飞庙已经过重建。 _。说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果，强调对现在 2). The door has bee

3、n locked. 门已经被锁上了。 （结果是现在没人能够进去） _引导的时间状语连用，或用于, 并可能持续下去，常与动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在 3). _”句型中。如： “ He has been told about it for many times. 有人告诉他这事很多次了。 （可能还会有人告诉他） _中, 表示将来某时已完成的动作。如： 4). 用在 Well start as soon as the work has been finished. 工作一完成我们就立即动身。 四使用现在完成时被动语态注意事项: 1). 副词的位置 _中间。如等副词置于: 和 often, us

4、ually, always, never, hardly, seldom 误 Such a man has been hardly believed. 正 Such a man has hardly been believed. 2). 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 _无被动语态。如： 等 happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. 误 正 Great changes have taken place in China s

5、ince 1978. 3)但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物 动词，也可以有被动语态。但短语动词是一个_。如： 不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的 eg 1) The child has been taken good care of by Grandma Wang all these years. 2）A notice has been put up on the wall. _变为主语，则需要在间变为主语；但若直接将）双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，常将_（to 或接宾语前加上适当的 for） 。 eg （1）His parents have given h

6、im a new bike recently. _ (by his parents) recently. has been given 被动_ (by his parents) recently. has been given 被动_变为主语，而原来的宾语补足语则变为相应的）带有复合宾语的动词在变为被动式时，只能够把_。 eg （2）I have asked him to post the letter. 被动_ 五、现在完成时被动语态的否定式和疑问式。 _为助动词，因此现在完成时被动语态的各可以看出从现在完成时被动语态结构 has/ have been done _，构成一般疑问后面加来完成

7、。构成否定句时直接在种句型变换均应借助于 has/have_。如：提前，构成反意疑问句时，附加问句借助 句时将 His homework hasnt been finished. 他的家庭作业还没有写完。 Has this bridge been finished? 这座桥竣工了吗？ The blackboard has been cleaned, hasnt it? 黑板已经擦过了，是吗？ 六、现在完成时被动语态例题讲解 例 1 Paper money_for over a thousand years. A. used B. has been used C. has used D. is

8、using 析 主语和谓语是被动关系，而且时间状语是一个时间段，根据题意，谓语动词所要表示动作可能还要继续下去，符合现在完成时，所以应该是现在完成时的被动式。答案是 B。 例 2 We want to sit at the table near the window. Im sorry，but it_already. A. has taken B. took C. was taken D. has been taken 析 从题干中的答语知道，座位已经有人坐了，说明结果。所以应该用现在完成时的被动式。答案是 D。 例 3 _the letter_to Mr Black? No. Its sti

9、ll on the desk. A. Has; given B. Will; be given C. Was; given D. Has; been given 析 此题是一道问答情景题。问话人想知道的是动作的结果，所以应该是现在完成时的被动式。其疑问式是把这一结构中的助动词 have 或 has 提前，所以正确答案为是 D。 例 4 How long_at this job? Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed 析

10、 how long 引导的是一个特殊疑问句，从 how long 和 since 1990 我们可以确定应该是现在完成时，再从意义上看，应该使用被动语态，所以答案应该是 B。 例 5 The reason for all the changes being made_to us yet. A. as not explained B. has not been explained C. didnt explain D. were not explained 析 the reason 是主语中心词，它和谓语 explain 之间是被动关系；题干的意思是：还没有给我们解释作出变化的理由。应该是现在完

11、成时的被动式的否定式。答案是 B。 例 6 Great changes_in my hometown and a lot of factories_. A. have been taken place；are being set up B. have taken place；have been set up C. are taken place；had been set up D. had taken place；will be set up 析 take place 是不及物动词词组，因此没有被动语态；而 factories 和 set up 之间是被动关系；根据题干上下文可以看出，都应该是

12、现在完成时，所以答案是 B。 强化练习题 I 单项选择 1. My brother and I have _ her birthday party. for ? invited for ? to ? invited to 2. More patients _ in hospital this year than last year. ? A. treated? B. have treated ?C. had been treated? D. have been treated 3. The window is dirty. ? I know. It _ for weeks. ? A. hasn

13、t cleaned? B. didnt clean? C. hasnt been cleaned? D. wasnt cleaned? 4. The police find that the house _ and a lot of things _. ? A. has broken; has been stolen? B. had broken; had been stolen ? C. has been broken; stolen? ?D. had been broken; stolen 5Come?and?sit?down?by?the?fireYour?hand?cold? Ahas

14、?been?felt?Bfeels?Cis?felt?Dhas?felt? 6The?fire?to?the?fifth?floor?all?the?people？? Ahas?got；Have；been?saved? Bhas?been?got；Have；saved? Chas?got；Do；save? Dhas?got；Have；saved? 7Why?dont?you?go?to?the?book?store?to?buy?some?books？Many?new?books?there? Ahave?just?brought? Bhave?just?been?brought? Cwere

15、?just?brought? Dare?just?brought? 8Till?now，three?films?in?that?small?village?this?month? Ahave?shown?Bhave?been?shown?Cwere?shown?Dwill?be?shown? 9Do?you?know?the?thief?by?the?police？? Ahas?caught?Bhas?been?catching?Cwas?caught?Dhas?been?caught? 10My?sister?is?working?in?the?power?plant?that?for?just?one?year? Awas?used?Bhas?been?used?Cis