英国社会与文化期末复习资料

1、英国概况：一、填空1. The full name of the United Kingdom is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and the Northern Ireland.2. The island of Great Britain is made up of England , Scotland and Wales.3. The United Kingdom has a member of European Union since 1973.4. Britain is now a Multiracial society which prod

2、uce a population of which 1 of 20 are of non-European ethnicity.5. London plays a significant role in Britains economic and cultural life.Its not only the financial center of the nation,but also one of the three major international financial centers in the world.6. The highest mountain in Britain is

3、 Ben Nevis.7. Thames river flows through central London and it is a very important river.8. Edinburg is the capital of Scotland.9. Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (George ) current Union Flag adopted on Jan.1st ,1801.10. National Day of UK is officially celebrated in Britain on the 2nd Saturday

4、 of June each year since February 1952.11. The largest lake in Britain is the Longh Neagh in Northern Ireland which covers an area of 396 km2.12. London Eye is the largest Ferris wheel(摩天轮）in Europe.2、 选择1. The location of UK is the Europe. A. Eastern B. Western C. Southern D.Northern2. All the foll

5、owing cities are major deep-water ports of UK , except . A. London B. Liverpool C. Belfast D. Edinburgh3. The national flower of UK is . A.rose B.thistle D.daffodil D.shamrock4. All of the following except for , were tribes from the north who moved into England in the 400s AD. A. Angles B.Saxons C.J

6、utes D.Celts5. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is a . A. poem about a hero named Beowulf B.newspaper C. historical record D.novel6. Beowulf is . A. a long novel B.a long poem written by Geoffrey Chaucer C. a long poem by unknown storyteller D.a long novel written by W.William Shakespeare7. The Canterbury

7、Tales was written by . A.Geoffrey Chaucer B. Thomas Becket C. Palamon D.Griselda8. The frame of The Canterbury Tales is . A. the pilgrims telling stories on their trips B.the conflict between the friar and the summoner C. King Arthurs court D.the differences between the knight and the squire9. The C

8、anterbury Tales is an unusual piece of literature from the Middle Ages because . A. It describes the characters personalities B.it includes middle class characters C. both A and B D.neither A and B10. There are stories in The Canterbury Tales. A. 5 B. 26 C. 15 D. 6BDADC CAACB3、 简答1. What are the dif

9、ferences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain, England, the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth?2. Describe the geographical position of Britain?3. Does Britain have a favorable climate ? Why?4. What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain？Which part of Britain

10、 has he most rainfall and which part is the driest?英国教育填空1. State Schools are totally funded by the government and free to all British children.2. Schooling is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 years :total of 11 years in UK.3. Co-educated Schools admit both boys and girls.4.All British school

11、s - State & Independent are required to follow the National Curriculum guide-lines set down by the government.5.The children begin secondary education at the age of 11 .6. Grammar schools select the children who get high marks in the “Eleven Plus”examination, or show academic potential.7.British uni

12、versities receive funds from the central government .8.Two characteristics of University of Oxford and Cambridge is College system and Tutorial system .9. Open University is U.K.s largest university for part-time higher education.10.University of London is a federation of colleges.单选1. A are funded

13、by the fees charged to the parents.A. Independent Schools B.State SchoolsC.Co-educated Schools D.Public Schools2. Those wishing to gain entry to university must complete an additional two years of D studies. A.GCSE B.SAT C.Eleven PLus D.A Level3. Before primary schooling some chidren have an opportu

14、nity to attend the few kingdergartens,which are called“ C ”.A. Junior section B.Infant sectionC.Nursery Schools D.Secondary Schools4. Academic Year in UK begins in September, and is divided into three terms, with holidays at B .A. Christmas, Easter, and in the winter. B.Christmas, Easter, and in the

15、 summerC.Christmas, Halloween, and in the summer D.New Year, Easter, and in the summer5. After 5 years of secondary schooling, at about age 16, the students sit their C exams.A. GCEA(General Cetificate of Education-Advanced)B. GNVQ(General National Vocational Qualifications)C. GCSE(General Certifica

16、te of Secondary Education)D. A-Level6. After the students sit their GCSE exams, then they can concentrate on vocational training, and attend B exams.A.GCEA(General Cetificate of Education-Advanced)B.GNVQ(General National Vocational Qualifications)C.GCSE(General Certificate of Secondary Education)D.A

17、-Level7. There is only one privately funded university in UK, that is D .A. the University of ManchesterB. the University of CambridgeC. the University of OxfordD. the University of Buckingham8. Which one is the oldest university in the English-speaking world? C A. the University of ManchesterB.the

18、University of CambridgeC.the University of OxfordD.the University of Buckingham9. The amount of funding each university receives is based on D .A. its sizeB. the number of students it teachesC. the research it conductsD. All of the above10. which university is not in Scotland? A A. the University of

19、 York B.the University of GlasgowC.the University of EdinburghD.the University of Aberdeen简答1. What is the purpose of the British education system?2. What is the difference between Chinese&British Education Systems?3. What is Open University?1 UKs largest university for part-time higher education.2

20、It was founded in 1969 and began its first course in 1970.3 It is open to everybody.4 Courses are taught through TV,radio,英国政党：I.填空1. In Britian, the citizens aged 18 or over have the right to vote.2. In Britain, a candidate must be at least 21 or over with the deposit of 500 .3. The Liberal Demorat

21、s is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and the Liberal Party .4. Currently the three dominant political parties in UK are the Conservative party , the Labor Party and the Liberal Democrat .5. The Party which holds a majority of the seats in parliament forms a government , with its party

22、 leader as Prime Minister .6. Churchill is the member of Conservative party .7. The current leader of liberal democratic party is Nick Clegg , who is the deputy PM.8. A Hung parliament refers to the condition where no party was able to command a majority in the House of Commons .9. The class system

23、does exist in British society , which includes Working-class , Middle-class , hereditary aristocracy .10. The majority of recent immigrants are from south Asia India , Pakistan and Sri Lanka and Caribbean coutries Jamaica and Trinidad .选择1. Who has the rights to vote for the Members of Parliament fo

24、rming the House of Commons of the parliament of UK. DA. lord B.criminals C.the legally insame D.citizens over 182. On Tuesday 11 May , Gordon Brown announced his resignation as Prime Minister , marking the end of 13 years of A government. A. Labour B. The Conservative party C. The Liberal Democrat D

25、.the Libaral Party3. In 2010 , Queen Elizabeth , who then invited B to form a government and become Prime Minister . A. Cordon Brown B. David Cameron C. Nick Clegg D.Tony Blair4. Coalition talks began immediately between the Conservatives and C and lasted for five days . A.the Liberal Party B. Labou

26、r Party C. the Liberal Democrats D.The Tory5. A Refers to where no party was able to command a majority in the House of Commons . A. hung parliament B. shadow parliament C. parliament D. cabinet 6. The Conservative party was foundedin 1834 out of the old D , which itself had been found in 1678 . A.

27、Labour Party B. The Liberal C. Whigs D.Tony Party7. She advocated the idea of small government and free-maeket economics.During her term as the Prime Minister , she carried out policies to B and to cut tax rates . A. nationalize the private B. privatize the nationalized industry C. Establish the pri

28、vate industry D.invest the private industry8. In 1948 ,The Labour government set up the National Health Service to provide high quality A for all free . A. health B. education C. transport D.industry9. If the government loses a B in the House of Commons , that is , if a majority of MPs agree , then

29、it has effectively lost its ability to govern and is forced to resign and call a general election . A. First-Past-the-Post B. “vote of no confidence” C. Winner-takes-all D.majority of support10.The ideal of the liberal Democrats is to C . A. Provide free welfares B.cut the taxes C. giving “power to

30、the people” D.solve the unemplayment.简答1. What are the effects of Immigramts ?2. What is the meaning of First-Past-the-Post in British election ?3. What are the main policies of the Conservative Party ?4. What are the main policies of the Labour Party ?英国政府：一、填空1. The UK still keeps an old fashioned

31、 government on the basis of constitutional monarchy .2. Coronation is a ceremony of crowning a king or queen .3. Queen Elizabeth has crowned since 1952 .4. Elizabeth is the current monarch of UK .5. UK has a democratic government with elected representatives in its parliament .6. King John of Englan

32、d agreed to sign The Magna Carta , in 1215 , to the demands of his barons .7. The members of House of Lords consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal .8. Windsor Castle 32 kilometers (20 miles) west of London on the Thames , has been the residence of Englands royal family for 900 years

33、.9. The House of Commons is a democratically elected chamber with elections held at least every five years .10. Buckingham Palace in Westminster is the official London residence of the British sovereign .11. The Cabinet meets regularly , usually once a week , in one of the rooms in the Prime Ministe

34、rs official residence No.10 Downing street .12. The House of Commons consists of 651 members elected from the countrys 651 constituencies with Mr. Speaker as the chairman in debates .2、 选择1. In the United Kingdom , ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of C .A.the Lord Chancello

35、r B. the Monarch C.the Prime Minister D.the King2. During World War ,as a war leader , D received massive popular support and led the country to final victory in 1945 .A.Harold Wilson B. Margaret Thatcher C.Franklin Roosevelt D.Winston Churchill3. On accepting D , the age of constitutional monarchy

36、, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament , began.A.Constitutional Law B. The Declaration of Independence C.Civil Law D.Bill of Rights4. In Britain , a B is held when a Member of Parliament dies , retires or resigns .A.civic election B. by-election C.popular election D.general election5. All

37、 of the following , except for D were the most imporant provisions of the Great Charter .A.No tax should be made without the approval of the council.B.No free man should be arrested or imprisoned unless convicted by a jury of his fellow citizens. C.Merchants should be permitted to move about freely

38、.D.The king renounced his crown .6. Females were allowed to vote in national elections until A . A.1918 B. 1916 C.1920 D.18967. The parliament was a B word for a talking-place . A.Latin B. French C.Roman D.Greek8. Joan of Arc lived during the B century . A.14th B. 15th C.16th D.17th9. Joan lived and

39、 fought in B . A.Creece B.France C.Rome D.England10. As soon as William had been crowned , he began to organize the government of England on the system that had been so successful in Normandy.This is called C system , and it was based on the ownership of land. A.the constitutional B. capitalist C.fe

40、udal D.royal3、 简答1. Compare the government system of UK with that of UA .2. Describe the power of the queen .3. What are the functions of parliament？4. Elaborate the composition of the parliament.简答题：概况1. What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain, England, the Uni

41、ted Kingdom and the British Commonwealth? 2. Describe the geographical position of Britain? (1)an island country surrounded by four seas to the south by the English Channel, which separates it from continental Europe to the east by the North Sea to the west by the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean (2

42、)located off the northwest coast of Europe ,looking west to America 3.Does Britain have a favorable climate ? Why? Yes , it does .a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year the temperature varies within a small range.4. What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain？Which part

43、 of Britain has he most rainfall and which part is the driest? (1) The surrounding waters tend to balance the seasonal differences by heating up the land in winter and cooling it off in summer. The south-west winds blow over the country all the year round , bringing warm and wet air in winter and ke

44、eping the temperatures moderate . The North Atlantic Drift passes the western coast of the British isles and warms them . (2)政府1. Compare the government system of UK with that of UA . The System of Government in the UK (1)It is a monarchic 君主政体的 government with the Queen as the head of the state (co

45、nstitutional monarchy君主立宪制) (2)It is a democratic government with elected representatives in its parliament (Parliamentary Democracy) (3)It is a unitary government with a strong central government The System of Govenment in the USA (1)The United States is federal country with a presidential governme

46、nt . (2) Federalism联邦制度the division of the powers of government between the nation and the state in the United States . (3)The Separation of Powers the separation of powers among the three departments of the Federal Government.2. Describe the power of the queen . The power of the queen is nowhere de

47、fined as Britain has no written constitution and many of the rules that govern the system are customs or conventions . (1)Theoretically , the Queen has all the power :1 She is the head of the executive branch of government and gives effect to all laws.2 She may pardon criminal offenses and cancel pu

48、nishments .3 She is the commander指挥官- in-chief of the armed forces .4 She is the temporal head of the Church of England.5 She also confers all titles of rank and appoints judges , officers of the armed forces , governors, bishops主教and diplomats .6 She has the power to conclude treaties , to declare

49、war upon and make peace with other nations . (2)In practice, the role of the monarchy(symbolic):1 symbolise the tradition and unity of the British state ;2 set standards of good citizenship and fimily life ;3 a confidante知己的女友to the Prime Minister .3. What are the functions of parliament? (1)passes

50、laws; (2)provides the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation; (3)scrutinizes仔细检查，详审government policy , administration and expenditure; (4)debates the major issues of the day .4. Elaborate the composition of the parliament. (1)the Queen (2)the House of Lords (3)the House o

51、f Commons政党5. What are the effects of Immigrants ? Positive:increases the variety and interest within English culture; a varied cuisine; new forms of popular music; different religious beliefs/contributions to society; Relatively tolerant country Negative:inequality and discrimination do exist ;depe

52、nds on the attitude of some of their white neighbor;view the newcomers as a threat to their way of living/trouble in the process of assimilating the immigrants;economically poorer than the white population6. What is the meaning of First-Past-the-Post in British election ? First-Past-the-Post was coi

53、ned as an analogy类比to house racing (1)The winner of the race is the first to pass a particular point on the track. (2)All other runners automatically and completely lose . (3)The payoff is “winner-takes-all”赢者统吃 (4)The candidate must receive the largest number of votes in their favour wins.7. What are the main policies of the Conservative Party