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1、冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。一不定冠词( a, an )1. 指一类人或事,相当于 a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly.2. 第一次提及某人某物,非特指A boy is waiting for you. 有个男孩在等你。3. 表示 “每一”相当于 every , oneWe study eight hours a day.4. 表示“相同”相当于 the sameWe are nearly of an age.5. 用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事That boy is rather a
2、Lei Feng. (活雷锋)6. 用于固定词组中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7. 用于 quite, rather, many, half, what, such 之后 This room is rather a big one.8. 用于 so(as, too, how)+ 形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.9. 用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)ta success(具体化)成功的
3、人或事a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的东西a good knowledge of精通掌握某一方面的知识10. 与序数词连用,表示“又一,再一” 。In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language. 为了找到一个更好的工作,他决定再学习另外一门外语。二定冠词( the )1. 表示某一类人或物In many places in China, _ bicycle is still _ popular mean
4、s of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the2. 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3. 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door?4. 用于演奏乐器play the violin, play the guitar5. 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded6. 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” (对比上文的不定冠词用法5) Cou
5、ld you tell me the way to Johnsons, please?Sorry, we don t have Johnson here in the village.A. the; the B. the; aC. /; theD. the; /7. 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two childre n.8. 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前the Un ited States, the Communist Party of China, the French9. 用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compa
6、ss was inven ted in China.10. 在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代in the 1990 s(二十世纪九十年代)11. 用于表示度量单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.12. 用于方位名词,身体部位名词He patted me on the shoulder.13. 与比较级和最高级连用 比较级+ and +比较级表示越来越”The harder he works, the happier he feels. 表示两者间“较的一个”比较级前加the。Who is the older of the tow boys? 三者或三者以上
7、相比,表示最高程度时,用the +最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。Zha ng Hua is the tallest of the three.三.零冠词1. 专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前Beiji ng Uni versity, Jack, Chi na, love, air2. 名词前有 this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3. 季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前March, Sun day
8、, Nati onal Day, spri ng4. 表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前Li ncoln was made Preside nt of America.5. 表示球类,棋类等运动的名词前He likes play ing football/chess.6. 与by连用表示交通方式的名词前We went right round to the west coast bysea in stead of driv ingacross con ti nent.A. the; the B.不填;theC. the; 不填D.不填;不填7. 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husba nd an
9、d wife, knife and fork, day and ni ght8. 表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful an imals.四.位置冠词一般放在名词之前,名词之前若有形容词,冠词放在形容词之前。下列情况例外:1. 不定冠词用于下列副词加形容词之后:as, how, however, so, too 等。如:He is as good a soldier as he was.他和以前一样是个好士兵。2. 不定冠词置于 such, what, many, not, too,much of等之后。如:Many a little pickle makes a n ick
10、el.积少成多。3. 定冠词通常放在 all, both, double, exactly, just等词之后。女口: I offered him double the amount , but he still refused.4. 不定冠词常用于 quite和rather之后,但如果另有形容词修饰时,不定冠词既可放在第 二位,也可放在第一位,但最常见的仍是第二位。如:She is quite a woma n.她真是个女人。It was quite/rather a cold day.彳艮冷的一天 (同 It was a quite/rather cold day.)5. 当名词前的比较级
11、被no, all , far , much等修饰时,也要后置。如: He is no less a man tha n the Preside nt.6. 定冠词要放在 half, twice, much等之后。如:He paid twice the price for it.他花了两倍的钱买了它。7. 如果名词被副词 hardly , scarcely , barely , exactly 所修饰,或和一个形容词共同修饰时,冠词要放在上述副词之后、形容词之前。如:This is hardly a right thing to do.这几乎是不能做的事。练习1. How about takin
12、gshort break? I want to makecall.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. a; a2.Christmas isspecialholiday whenwhole familyaresupposed to gettogether.A. the; theB. a; aC. the; aD.a; the3.I looked un derbed and foundbooks I lost last week.A. the; aB. the;the C.不填;the D. the;不填4.I likecolor of your skirt. It i
13、s good match for your blouse.A. a; theB. a; aC. the; aD. the; the5. George couldn t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it wasSun day because everybody was at church.A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a6. Many people have come to realize that they should go onbalaneed diet and ma
14、keroom in their day for exercise.A. a; /B. the; a C. the; theD. /; a7. How aboutChristmas evening party?I should say it wassuccess.A. a; aB. the; a C. a;不填D. the; 不填8. We went right round to the west coast bysea in stead of drivi ng acrosscon ti nent.A. the; the B.不填;the C. the;不填D.不填;不填9. George co
15、uldn t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was Sun day because everybody was at church.A./; theB. the; /C. a; /D./; a1. D。take a short break休息一会儿” ,make a call打一个电话”。2. D 。 a special holiday指某一个特别的节日” ;the whole family为特指。3. B。此题中的the bed 和the books 都为特指。the bed 指所看的床” ;the b
16、ooks 指 “所丢的书”。4. C。the color指“你衬衫的颜色” ;a good match泛指“和你的外套相配的一种好颜色”。5. Co a Sunday泛指某一个星期天;at church为固定搭配,不用冠词,意为“在做礼拜”。6. A。a balaneed diet泛指“一种平衡的饮食” ;makeroom为固定搭配,意为“腾出空间”。7. B8. B。by sea意为“经海路” ;by the sea 意为“在海边”;表示大陆、大洋等的名词前通 常要加定冠词。9. C 。 a泛指“某个”;at church 表示“做礼拜”,at the church表示“在教堂”。类似的词组
17、:特别提示:当地点名词表示地点时,其前用定冠词;表示在这一地点所发生的活动时,其前不加冠词。如: He went to the bed and fetched me a magaz ine before he went to bed.他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。2009 年1. (安徽卷)Weca n n ever expect bluer sky uni ess we create less polluted world.A. a; aB. a; the C. the; aD. the; the2. (北京卷) The biggest whale isblue whale, which g
18、rows to be about 29 meterslong the height of9-story buildi ng.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD. the; a3. (江西卷) Some people fear thatair pollution may bring about changesinweather around the world.A.不填;theB. the; 不填4. (海南卷) Let s go to cinema-thatwhileA. the; the B. the; a C. a; the5. (陕西卷) What pity tha
19、t you couldnA. a; aB. the; a6. (四川卷)In order to find betterforeig n Ian guage.A. the; aB. a; aC. an; theD. the; all take your mi nd off the problem forD. a ; at be there to receive prize!C. a; theD. the; thejob, he decided to study secondC. the; theD. a; the7.1 don t understand what the engineer mea
20、ns, but I ve gotrough idea ofproject pla n.(浙江卷)A. the; aB.不填;theC. a ;the D 不填;a8.( 辽宁卷)This area experie needheaviest rain fall in month of May.A 不填;a B a ; the C the ; theD the ; a1. A. sky 和world原本是独一无二的,但这里前面都有了形容词修饰,表示会出现一个什么样的sky和world,这里就属于泛指了。2. B. the+ 名词表示类别,是指 blue whale 这一类动物;第二空用 a表示泛指
21、。3. A. air pollution是抽象名词这里是泛指,weather这里是特指全球的气候,故用定冠?词。4. B. go to the ci nema表示具体的某地,for a while 固定搭配,表示一会儿” 。5. C.固定句型what a pity that ,用不定冠词 a;第二空后名词表示表特指,用定冠词 the。6. B第一空表示泛指;第二空用 a +序数词+名词表示又一,再一。7. C 8. C形容词的最高级用the ;第二空五月这个月表特指用the。2010 年1. (北京卷)Firstimpressions are the most lasting.After al
22、l, you never get _ secondcha nee to make _ first impressi on.A. a; theB. the; theC. a; aD. the;a2. (福建卷)It s good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai world expo that gives thempleasure.A.不填,aB. a,不填 C. the ,aD. a, the3. ( 江苏卷)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact thatpeoplefrom a
23、ll walks of life are worki ng hard fornew Jia ngsu.A.不填;aB.不填;theC. the; aD. the;the4. ( 辽宁卷)There are over 58,000 rocky objects inspace, about 900 of whichcould fall dow n ontoearth.A. the; theB.不填;theC. the; 不填D.a;the5.(山东卷)If we sit nearfront of thebus, we ll havebetter view.A.不填;theB.不填;aC. the;
24、 aD. the; the6.(四川卷)Inmost countries,a universitydegreecan give youflying start in life.A. the; aB. the;不填C.不填;不填D.不填;a7.(浙江卷)Many lifestylepatter ns do such _great harm to healththatthey actuallyspeed up_ weake ning of the huma n body.A. a;不填B.不填;theC. a; theD.不填;不填8.( 重丿大卷)Everything comes withpri
25、ce; there is no suchthing as freelunch in the world.A. a, aB. the, 不填C. the,不填D. a,不填1. C 再有一次机会 a sec ond cha nee 给另 U人留下第一印象, make a first impressi on,2. B good feeling 并非特指,故用 a; pleasure 是抽象名词,无需冠词。3. A来自社会各阶层的人不是特指,不用冠词;Jiangsu 前有new故应加冠词a,表示个全新的江苏。the4. B in space 是固定短语,不用冠; earth属于独一无二的事物,其前必
26、须用5. C “某空间内部的前部”时,front前要加定冠词the; have a good view是习惯搭配,表示“视野开阔,视野良好”之意;6. D most countries 此处表泛指, most 前不加定冠词 the. “一个高起点的开始” ,故用 a ,7. B对有害用短语do harm to ”;之后的weakening是由动词的ing形表示抽象的名词,表达一种概念、状况时需要加上 the 。8. D price 意思是“代价” ,为可数名词,第二空前边有 no, 后面的名词不用冠词,2011 年1. (新课标卷) It is generally accepted that
27、boy must learn to stand up andfight like man.A. a; aB. a; the C. the; the D. a;不填2. (大纲卷) As he reached front door, Jack saw strange sight.A. the; 不填B. a; the C.不填; a D. the; a【答案】 D【解析】句意:当 Jack 走到前门时,看到了一个奇怪的景象。 the front door 是特指 Jack 所走过去的门, a strange sight 是泛指,相当于 a certain sight, 起初次介绍的作用。 因此选
28、 D。3. (山东卷) Take your time it s just short distance from here to restaurant.A. 不填; theB. a; theC. the; aD. 不填; a【答案】 B【解析】句意:别急从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。a short distance 短距离,是固定搭配的短语; the restaurant 指双方都知道的餐馆,故用 the 特指。选 B。4. (江西卷) It s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 year. Right, he will also
29、 get paid by week.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; aD. a; a【答案】 B【解析】前一句句意为:据说 John 将会有一份年工资超过 60000 美金的工作,表时间单位 每年,冠词用a,后一句说没错,他也将会以每周支付的方式得到薪水。by后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词 the。5. (浙江卷) Experts think that recently discovered painting may be Picasso.A. the ; 不填 B. a ;theC. a; 不填D. the; a【答案】 D【解析】句意:专家认为,最近发现的油画可能是毕
30、加索的作品。the painting 特指最近发现的油画; a Picasso 意为 a Picasso s painting ,指毕加索的一件作品,有 one 的含 义。6. ( 四 川 卷 ) Dr. Peter Spence,headmaster of the school, told us,“ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”A. 不填; AB.不填; The C. the; The D. a; A【答案】 A【解析】句意:彼得斯宾塞博士一一这所学校的校长一一告诉我们,“这里五分之一的学生会到牛津
31、和剑桥继续深造。 ” 头衔、职位前通常不用冠词, 所以第一空不用冠词; a fifth 表示“五分之一” ,故答案为 A。7. (陕西卷) As is known to all, Peoples Republic of China is biggestdeveloping country in the world.A. the ; 不填 B. 不填 ; the C. the ; the D. 不填;不填【答案】 C【解析】句意:众所周知,中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。第一个定冠词 the 用在表示国家的名词前;第二个定冠词 the 用在有形容词最高级修饰的名词前。8. (重庆卷) I
32、n communication, a smile is usually strong sign of a friendlyand open attitude.A. the, 不填 B. a, an C. a, 不填 D. the, an【答案】 C【解析】句意:在交流中,微笑通常是友好和态度开明的一种明显标志。 第一空 a strong sign of 一个的标志,a此处表泛指;friendly和open 共同修饰 attitude ,而attitude不可数,不需要冠词;故选C。1, A 句意:人们普遍认为男孩必须学会像男人那样勇敢地站起来去战斗。两个空都表示泛 指,因此都填不定冠词 a。2
33、,on highway south不填D. 不填 ; 不;south of 中的south是方位1.The report said that a bus went out of control of the city are rushed into a river.A. the; theB.不填;the C. the;填【答案】 D【解析】 go out of control 是固定短语,意思是失去控制 副词,前面不需要使用冠词。当 south 用作名词时通常与介词一起使用,如 in the south of 。2. Because unemployment is very high at p
34、resent, its not easy for a freshgraduate to find satisfying jobas he wishes.A. the; 不填B. 不填 ; aC. an; aD.an; the【答案】 B【解析】 unemployment 是抽象名词,前面不用冠词。 job 是可数名词,用不定冠词泛指“一 个令人满意的工作” 。3. 一 My flight was delayed because ofheavy rain. But you are just intime for the discussion.A. the; a?B. a; the?C. 不填 ;
35、 不填D. the;不填【答案】 D【解析】 引起我的航班延误应该是特指的一场大雨, 所以第一空要用定冠词来限定, in time 及时,准时,固定短语。4.I don t think the experiment is failure. At least we have gained experience for future success.A. 不填 ; the B. a; the C. a ; 不填D. 不填 ;不填【答案】 C【解析】 failure 表示失败的概念为抽象名词,前面不可用不定冠词。表示失败的人或事情 就成了可数名词,前面用不定冠词。 experience 作经历讲为可
36、数名词,作为经验讲为不可 数名词。5. By nature, you are an adventurer, full of amazement and curiosity aboutworld bigger thanlife itself.A. a; the B. the; theC. 不填 ; aD.the; 不填【答案】 A【解析】 get a toothache 牙疼,是固定用法,而整个晚上 (whole night) 是特指昨天晚上, 因此应该使用定冠词。我昨天晚上牙疼得厉害,整晚没睡。8.China is vast country which is home to amazing v
37、ariety oflandscapes , plants and animals.A. the; theB. a; the C. the; an D.a; an【答案】 D【解析】第一空表示“中国是一个样的国家”,是泛指的概念,因此填不定冠词;第二空是固定短语 a variety of ,只是在 variety 前面加上了形容词 amazing 修饰它。9. Anyone in mind for this position? What about Jack? He may be a good friend, but business is business. He is not man for
38、job.A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a 【答案】 C【解析】第一空是泛指的概念,因此用不定冠词;第二空是特指这份工作,用定冠词。10. We all hold belief that those who have wonderful sense of humorB. 不填 ; 不填C. the; 不填D. a; theare more popular.A. the; a【答案】 A【解析】句意:我们都认为那些有强烈幽默感的人更受欢迎。 belief 后是同位语从句,第 一空用 the 表特指;第二空 a sense of humor ( 幽默感
39、)为常用搭配。11. World Expo is regarded as the Olympic Games of the economy, science andtechnology, expert said.A. A; an B. The; an C. The; a D. A; the 【答案】 B【解析】第一空特指“世博会” ,故用定冠词 the ;第二空泛指“一个专家” , expert 又是 以元音音素开 头,故用 an。12. I was told that10 : 15 flight would take us to Shanghai in time to reachFudan
40、University.A. the;不填B. the; aC. a; theD. 不填 ;the【答案】A【解析】句意:我被告知10 : 15的航班将把我们送达上海,以便及时到达复旦大学。根据句意可知第一空表特指,故用定冠词 ; 第二空后 Fudan University 是以纯专有名词 Fudan 开头的,要用零冠词。 Fudan University 还可表达为“ the university of Fudan ”。13. The students were studying in classroom when,all of sudden, thelights went out.A. 不填 ; 不填B. a; theC. the; aD. the; 不填【答案】 C【解析】句意:那些学生正在教室学习,这时突然灯灭了。根据题干中的the students 可知学生是特指的,由此可推知教室也应是特指的,故第一空用定冠词;all of a sudden 为固定习语,相当于 suddenly 。由此可见答案为 C 项。14. My mother asked me to repeat phone number second time so thatshe could write it
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