常用化工词汇中英文对照汇总

1、工艺流程连续过程continuous process间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解di

2、ssociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶solidification包装package升华sublimation燃烧combust

3、ion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度ac

4、idity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbent(a)无水的anhydrous(a)外观appearance无色的colorless(a)透明的transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点self-ignition

5、temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力 - 应变曲线stress-strain

6、 diagram百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度design temperature(pressure)相对湿度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity化工设备泵 pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵 d

7、ouble action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵螺杆泵潜水泵hand(wobble) pump screw (spiral) pump submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump气升泵air-lift-pump轴承 叶轮 虹吸管 高压容器 焚化炉 火焰清除器 工业炉bearingimpellersiphonhigh pressure vesselincinera

8、torflame arresterfurnace烧嘴 锅炉 回转窑 加热器 电加热器 冷却器 冷凝器burnerboilerrotary kilnheaterelectric heatercoolercondenser换热器反应器蒸馏釜heat exchanger reactor still搅拌器 混合器 静态混合器 管道混合器 混合槽 破碎机 磨碎机agitator mixerstatic mixers line mixers mixing tanks crusher grinder研磨机球磨机过滤器pulverizer ballmill filter分离器 干燥器 翅片 烟囱 火炬 筛子煅

9、烧窑separatordrier fins stack flare screencalciner倾析器蒸发器再沸器decanter evaporator reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓 bin料斗 hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头 spra

10、yer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exch

11、anger螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配（布）器 liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶( 底)层塔盘top (b

12、ottom) tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash dr

13、um浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器c

14、yclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact b

15、reaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机 fan罗茨鼓风机roots blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine管道工程piping engineering1 阀门valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈

16、sealing ring阀芯 （包括密封圈 ,杆等 ）trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄hand level (handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve针阀needle valve角阀 (角式截止阀 )angle valveY 型阀 （截止阀 ）Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀 ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve蝶阀 butterfly

17、valve对夹式 （ 薄片型 ）wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rub

18、ber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀sa

19、fetySV安全泄放阀relief valveRV安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀solenoid (operated) valve电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀蒸汽疏水阀 机械式疏水阀cryogenic service valve steam trap mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀

20、浮球式疏水阀open (top) bucket trap float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap 脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap 放汽阀 ( 自动放汽阀 ) (automatic) air vent valve换向阀diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀 减压阀 控制阀 执行机构

21、 差压调节阀 切断阀 调节阀breather valve pressure reducing valve control valveactuator differential pressure regulating valve block (shut-off, stop) valve regulating valve快开阀快闭阀隔断阀quick opening valve quick closing valve isolating valve三通阀 夹套阀 非旋转式阀three way valve jacketed valve non-rotary valve2 管子 ,管件 , 法兰管子pi

22、pe（ 按标准制造的配管用管 ）tube（ 不按标准规格制造的其它用管 ）钢管steel pipe铸铁管衬里管复合管碳钢管 合金钢管 不锈钢管cast iron pipelined pipeclad pipecarbon steelC.S.pipe alloy steel pipe stainless steelS.S.pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管轧制钢管 锻铁管ferritic alloy steel pipe wrought-steel pipe wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管焊接钢管 电阻焊钢管seamles

23、sSMLS steel pipe welded steel pipeelectric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔 (弧 )焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 排污阀 集液排放阀 排液阀 放空阀galvanized steel pipe blowdown valve drip valve drain valve vent valve卸载阀 排出阀 吸入阀 取样阀 手动阀unloading valvedischarge valves

24、uction valvesampling valvehand operated(manually-operated) valve（水）龙头bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀 ( 小阀 )bleed valve旁路阀 软管阀 混合阀 破真空阀 冲洗阀 根部阀by-pass valvehose valve mixing valvevacuum breakerflush valveroot (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管塑料管water-gas steel pipe plastic pipe玻璃管 橡胶管 壁厚 壁厚系列号glass tuberubber tubewal

25、l thicknessWTschedule numberSCH.NO.加厚的 , 加强的extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的 ,双倍加强的double extra heavy (strong)弯头异径弯头 长半径弯头 短半径弯头elbowreducing elbowlong radius elbowshort radius elbow长半径 180弯头long radius return短半径 180弯头short radius return三通tee异径三通等径三通 带支座三通reducing tee straight tee base tee45斜三通45lateralY 型

26、三通 四通 异径管trueY cross reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管 管接头 活接头eccentric reducer coupling;full coupling union短管 预制弯管nipplefabricated pipe bendU 型弯管 法兰端 万向接头 对焊的 螺纹的 承插焊的 法兰 整体管法兰Ubendflanged enduniversal jointbutt weldedBW threadedTHD socket weldedSW flangeFLGintegral pipe flange钢管法兰 螺纹法兰 滑套法兰 平焊法兰

27、 承插焊法兰 松套法兰 对焊法兰 法兰盖 异径法兰 压力级steel pipe flange threaded flange slip-on flange slip-on-welding flange socket welding flange lap joint flangeLJF weld neck flangeWNF blind flange;blind reducing flange pressure rating(class)突面 凸面 凹面raised faceRF male face female face全平面 ; 满平面flat face;full faceFF3. 管道特殊

28、件piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器 临时过滤器filtertemporary strainer(cone type)Y 型过滤器Y-type strainerT 型过滤器 永久过滤器T-type strainer permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜 阻火器 喷咀 ;喷头 喷射器sight glassflame arrester spray nozzle ejector取样冷却器消音器膨胀节 波纹膨胀节sample cooler silencer expansion jointbellow补偿器 软管接头 快

29、速接头 金属软管 橡胶管 挠性管compensatorhose connectionHC quick coupling metal hose rubber hose flexible tube特殊法兰漏斗special flangefunnel8 字盲板 爆破板spectacle (figure 8) blind rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢carbon steel C.S.不锈钢铸铁stainless steelS.S.cast ironC.I.aluminum铜,紫铜copper钛 titanium抗拉强度 非金属材料tensile strength non-metallic material塑料陶瓷搪瓷plasticceramic porcelain enamel玻璃 橡胶 垫片 平垫片 填料 型钢 角钢glass rubber gasketGSKT flat gasket packing shaped steel angle steel槽钢 工字钢channelI-beam宽缘工字钢或 H 钢wide fla