定语从句关系代词讲解

1、定语从句关系代词讲解定语从句定语从句The Attributive Clause定语从句关系代词讲解先来看几个相关术语先来看几个相关术语1.定语定语2.定语从句定语从句3.先行词先行词4.关系词关系词定语从句关系代词讲解1.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用汉语中常用的的表示。表示。 a clever boy The boiling waterFallen leavesThe man who you are looking for2.定语从句：修饰

2、某一名词或代词的从句。定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning? 定语从句关系代词讲解What is the function of the underlined part?Tom is a handsome boy.The little boy needs a blue pen.The boy in the classroom needs a pen.The pen bought by her is made in China.The man standing there is m

3、y teacher.The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 定语从句：一个句子充当定语定语从句：一个句子充当定语定语从句关系代词讲解3.先行词：先行词：4.关系词关系词：关系代词关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词关系副词where, when, why等。等

4、。关系词常有关系词常有3个作用：个作用：1，引导定语从句。，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。，在定语从句中担当一个成分。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词；被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词；引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。定语从句关系代词讲解The boy who is reading needs the pen.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句先行词：被修饰限定的词先行词：被修饰限定的词关系词：引导定语从句的词关系词：引导定语从句的词定语从句：一个句子充当定语定语从句：

5、一个句子充当定语定语从句关系代词讲解God helps those who help themselves. He who laughs last laughs best.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.自助者天助。自助者天助。谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。世上无难事，只怕有心人。世上无难事，只怕有心人。Guess the meaning of the following proverbs定语从句关系代词讲解All that glitters(闪光闪光) is not gold

6、.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.闪闪发光的不一定是金子闪闪发光的不一定是金子.不到长城非好汉不到长城非好汉 .定语从句关系代词讲解Some sentences with attributive clause in the text1.Then, later that afternoon, another big quake _shook Tangshan. 2.The army organized teams to dig out those_ and to bury the dead . which was al

7、most as strong as the first onewho were trapped定语从句关系代词讲解But the people in the city, _ _ went to sleep as usual that night.It was heard in Beijing, _ who thought little of these events,which is more than 200 kilometers away.定语从句关系代词讲解A huge crack _ _ cut across houses, roads and canals.The number of

8、 people _ _ reached more than 400,000. that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide who were killed or injured定语从句关系代词讲解Description He is a Chinese. He plays an important part in NBA.He was born in Shanghai.Shanghai is an international city.He is a good man.People all like him.People are pr

9、oud of him.He is a famous basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.He loves basketball.He plays basketball very well.定语从句关系代词讲解He is a Chinese. He plays an important part in NBA.He is a Chinese who/ that plays an important part in NBA.变为定语从句变为定语从句定语从句关系代词讲解He was born in Shanghai.Shanghai is an internati

10、onal city.He was born in Shanghai which / that is an international city.定语从句关系代词讲解summary关系词在从关系词在从句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行词的类先行词的类别别关系词的选关系词的选择择主语主语人人物物who/thatwhich/that定语从句关系代词讲解Those who are against the plan put up your hands.The man who is next to us sells vegetable.Tom is one of the students who prais

11、ed by the teacher yesterday.Tom is the only one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterday.关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。数必须与先行词保持一致。werewas定语从句关系代词讲解He is a good man.He is a good man.People all like him.People all like him.People are proud of him.People are p

12、roud of him.He is a good man whom/ that people are proud of.He is a good man whom / that people all like.He is a good man of whom people are proud.Or: 定语从句关系代词讲解He loves basketball.He plays basketball very well.He loves basketball which/that he plays very well.定语从句关系代词讲解summary关系词在从关系词在从句中所作的句中所作的成分

13、成分先行词的类先行词的类别别关系词的选关系词的选择择宾语宾语人人物物whom/that/who/省略省略which/that/省略省略定语从句关系代词讲解He is a famous basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.He is a famous basketball player whose wife is Ye Li.He has a wife.Her name is Ye Li.He has a wife whose name is Ye Li.定语从句关系代词讲解The room is mine.The rooms window faces sou

14、thThe room whose window faces south is mine.定语从句关系代词讲解summary关系词在从关系词在从句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行词的类先行词的类别别关系词的选关系词的选择择 定语定语人人物物whosewhose定语从句关系代词讲解关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：指人指人指物指物subject (主语主语)object (宾语宾语)attribute（定语）（定语）whomwhowhichthatwhose何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略做宾语时可以省略定语从句关系代词讲解从括号中选择正确的关系代词

15、完成句子从括号中选择正确的关系代词完成句子1.The season _ follows spring is summer. (that / who / 不填不填)2. This is the museum we visited last Saturday. (that / whom / 不填不填)3. The boy John is speaking with is my brother. (which / whom/ 不填不填)4. The building _ walls are white is my uncles house. (which / whose / 不填不填)练习巩固练习巩

16、固thatthat / 不填不填whom/ 不填不填whose定语从句关系代词讲解5. Will you please lend me the book _ you bought yesterday? (which / that / whose)6. The girl _ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to hospital. (who / whom / whose)7. The student _ the teacher praise at the class meeting is our monitor. (which / whom

17、/ whose)8. I found some photos of tourist sites _ were not far away from our city. (which / that /不填不填 )which / that whosewhomwhich / that 定语从句关系代词讲解看图填句看图填句定语从句关系代词讲解The man _ is Liuxiang.who ran fastestLiuxiang is the man _.who ran fastest定语从句关系代词讲解a boy， has a scar， forehead Harry Porter is a boy

18、 _ _. who/that has a scar on his forehead定语从句关系代词讲解xinji is a city _ _.is a city _ _.Xinji a citydevelop fast which /that develops fast定语从句关系代词讲解基础练习基础练习1. Is that the house _ you bought last year? A. where B. which2. Is that the picture _ you are laughing at? A. which B.where3. It is the most inter

19、esting book _Ill ever read. A. which B. thatBBA定语从句关系代词讲解4.The street _is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which5.The person _finds my watch will get a reward. A. who B. when6.This is the room _ we listened to the lecture. A. which B. whereBAB定语从句关系代词讲解7.The boy _mother is ill can not come to

20、 the party.A. who B. whose8.Tell me the reason _ you are late.A. which B. whyBB定语从句关系代词讲解翻译翻译1.他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。2.我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。3.她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。 He showed me the place where he lost his wallet.I dont know the girl whom/that you speak to.She is a girl who is called Mary

21、.定语从句关系代词讲解4.那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。 Those boys who are playing tennis are my friends.定语从句关系代词讲解关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但哪些情况只能用that?考点一定语从句关系代词讲解只用只用that，不用，不用which1.all, little, much, few, none, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词作等不定代词作先行词或者先行词被其所修饰时；先行词或者先行词被其所修饰时； All that

22、can be done has been done.2. 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时；序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时； This is the best TV that is made in China.3. 先行词前有先行词前有the only, the very, the same, the right等修饰时；等修饰时；4.先行词既有人也有物先行词既有人也有物5.主句以主句以which, who, what开头的疑问句开头的疑问句.Who that you have ever seen can do it better ?定语从句关系代词讲解有哪些情况关系代词不用有哪些情况关系代

23、词不用thatthat，而用，而用whichwhich，whowho，whom?whom?考点二考点二定语从句关系代词讲解只用只用which，不用，不用that有机器的房间是车间。有机器的房间是车间。The room _ there is a machine is a workshop.The room _ there is a machine in is a workshop.in which(which/ that)一、非限制性定语从句一、非限制性定语从句二、用在介词后二、用在介词后I have lost the pen, _ I like very much.which定语从句关系代词讲

24、解1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用指人用who或或whom.He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan .Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for a long

25、time.whichwhichwhowhomFill in the blanks定语从句关系代词讲解1.Her bag ,in which she put all her money, has been stolen.2.This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang ,with whom I went to the concert, enjoyed himself very much.2、在介词后面，指事物用、在介词后面，指事物用 which，指人用，指人用whom.定语从句关系代词讲解(3) whose引导的定语从句

26、注意点引导的定语从句注意点whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。词短语。 whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：如：The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。这个消息。定语从句关系代词讲解whose的先行词指物时，可用的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语代替，但语序不同，即序不同，即whose+名词名词 = the+名词名词+of whic

27、h，或，或= of which + the + 名词。如：名词。如：The novel whose title (= the title of which或或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting. whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。也可以指物。定语从句关系代词讲解whose的先行词指人时，可用的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，代替，但语序不同，即但语序不同，即whose+名词名词 = the+名词名词+of whom，或，或= of whom + the +

28、 名词。如：名词。如：The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom或或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my friend.定语从句关系代词讲解The scientist who we met yesterday is very famous whom in the world. that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress which she is wearing is new. that (1) The scientist is very famous

29、 in the world. We met her yesterday.巩固练习：巩固练习：1. 用定语从句合并句子用定语从句合并句子定语从句关系代词讲解(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person who I have ever worked with. whom that This is the best film that I have ever seen. 定语从句关系代

30、词讲解四四. 介词介词+which/ whom引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1. 介词的选用原则：介词的选用原则：根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.定语从句关系代词讲解(2) 根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。I remember the day on which I joined the Party.I remember the days during which I lived there.定语从句关系代词讲解2. 当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whom(指人指人)或或which(指物指物)，且关系代词不能，且关系代词不能省略。省略。The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor. I cant find the pen with which I was writing .定语从句关系代词讲解3. 当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用 which/that(指物指物), who/whom/that(指人指人)作从