【知识】2021仁爱版八年级英语上册期末复习-知识点语法点汇总

1、仁爱版八年级英语上册期末复习学问点汇编精华版unit 1& 考点词汇against , cheer, team , win , join , club , volleyball ,dream , grow , future ,record ,gold , hour , baseball ,heart , relax ,leave , ill , mind , practice , throw , myself,care1ess , chance , nothing , invent, score , side , follow ,become , however , tired , mile

2、, instead , habit , feel ,foreign , maybe , shall , pick , hit , winner ,finish ,encourage , visitor , environment , modem , ring , symbol& 目标短语cheer. on 为加油quite a bit/ a lot 很多，大量play for为 效力grow up 长大成人 ，成长in the future 今后,在将来give up 舍弃take part in =be in =take part in参与，加 入both.and. 两个都， 既 又tum

3、down 关小，调低（反）： turn up开大，调高 ；turn on打开（反）： turn off 关闭take a seat =have a seat =sit down坐下， 就座 as well 也，仍有 instead of 代替，而不是more and more 越来越多的 反： less and less越来越（少）stand for 象征build up 使 增强（ buil sb. up增强某人体质）at least 至少， 不少于be ready for=get ready for=prepare for为 作预备be able to=can 能够后接动词原形， be有各

4、种形式， can只有时态变化 have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得兴奋 oneself为反身代词，依据主语用相应形式 & 重点句型1. we are going to have a basketball game against class three on sunday.2. i hope our team will win.27spend. in doing sth.=spend花on sth3. which sport do you prefer , cycling费时间做pretty well 相当好all over the world=

5、throughout the world=around the world全世界be good for 对有益keep fit=keep healthy=stay healthy保持健康leave for 动身去某地fall ill=be ill患病arrive in/ at小地点用 at,大地点用 in =getto=reach到达某地be glad to do愿意于right away=right now=at once=in a minute 立刻，立刻make ones bed 整理床铺do sb. a favor=give sb. a hand=help sb.帮助某人shout a

6、t sb. 朝某人大叫be angry with sb. 生某人的气beor rowing.i prefer rowing.4. are you going to join the school rowing club.yes , i am. / no , im not.5. what are you going to be when you grow up. im going to be a dancer.6. she spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day.7. they are sure that she will

7、win.8. michael , could you please do me a favor. sure. what is it.9. would you mind if i try it again.certainly not. please do.10. im sorry im late for class.thats ok. please take a seat.11. thats very kind of you , but i can manage it myself.angry at/about sth因.be有形式变化）某事而愤怒（留意：12. what do you mean

8、 by saying that.13. we are sure to win next time.do ones best=try one尽sb某e人st最大14. ill take part in the school meet.努力后接不定时 to do形式 keep doing sth. 连续做某事15. there will be another exciting relay race this afternoon.16. ill be able to take part in the olympic games.& 功能意念1. 恳求答应may i come in.yes , ple

9、ase.would you mind teaching me.not at all. /of course not.would you mind not putting your bike here.sorry. ill put it somewhere else.would/ do you mind if l open the window. youd better not. /im sorry, its not allowed.could you please do me a favor.sure/certainly. whats it.can/could l use your telep

10、hone.of course , you can.2. 赔礼sorry. /im sorry. /excuse me , please./i beg your pardon.im sorry. im late for class.thats ok. please take a seat.im sorry for what i said. its nothing.im sorry to trouble you. never mind.im sorry for losing your book. oh,it doesnt matter， i have another one.3. 约会when s

11、hall we meet. lets make it half past six.where shall we meet.at the school gate.will you be free this sunday.yeah, i think i will.lets make it 4: 30. all right. see you then.do you have time this afternoon.=are you free this afternoon.im afraid i have no time then./sorry , i wont be free then. but i

12、ll be free tomorrow.could we meet at 4:30. yes ,ill be free then.how about tomorrow morning.=what about,后接动词要用v.-ing形式all right. see you then.& 语法精粹1. 把握一般将来时 be going to/will + 动词原形的用法；2. 学会使用 would /do you mind. 的用法；& 考点剖析1. i saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays. 在暑

13、假我看你几乎每天打篮球；see是感官动词，后可接不带 to 的不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语；即 :see sb. do sth. 或see sb. doing sth. ， 但两者是有区分的 :不定式表示整个动作过程，而现在分词表示正在进行的动作不管是不是全过程 ；如:i saw him cross the road. 我观察他穿过了公路； 指我看到他离开这边人行道到另一边的人行道，穿过公路的整个过程； i saw him crossing the road. 我观察他正在穿越公路； 强调看到的动作正在进行； 【链接】感官动词仍有 : feel , hear,listen to , look

14、at , find , notice , watch等；如:we often hear him sing in his garden. 我们常常听到他在花园里唱歌； can you feel the train slowing down. 你能感觉到火车在慢下来吗 .2. which sport do you prefer , cycling or rowing.骑车和划船，你更喜爱哪种运动 . i prefer rowing.我更喜爱划船；prefer是指两者中偏爱或更喜爱一 者；其用法为 prefer +动名词 /名词/动词不定式；如 :which do you prefer, an ap

15、ple or an orange. 苹果和橘子，你更喜爱哪种. i prefer an orange. 我更喜爱橘子；【链接】 1 prefer to do sth. 更喜爱做某事；如 :a lot of people prefer to live in the countryside. 有更多人更喜爱住在乡下；2 prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事 更喜爱做某事；如 :i prefer reading to writing.比起写字， 我更喜爱读书；3. are you going to join the school rowing club.你要加入

16、学校划船俱乐部吗.当join 作及物动词时，意为 连接，接合，加入 ；作 加入解时，指的是成为某个团体、组织的一员 ; join sb. 表示加人某人的行列，和某人一起；如:when did he join the army. 他什么时候入伍的 . will you join us. 你情愿加入我们吗 .【链接】1当join 作不及物动词时，意为 参与某项活动 ，通常结构为join in + 活动名称 ；如:would you like to join in the match. 你要参would you mindsb. doing sth. .是一个常用固定句型，表示 请你做某事好吗.假如某

17、人做某事你介意吗 .如:would you mind giving me a hand.介意帮我个忙吗 .【链接】1否定句为 would you mind not doing sth. .请不要做某事好吗 .如:would you mind not smoking here.请不要在这吸烟好吗 .(2) would you mind if.此句型用于恳求答应或客气地请人做某事；如 :would you mind if i open the window.我打开窗户好吗 .(3) would you mind sb. doing sth. .如:would you mind me sitting

18、 here. 也可以说成 would you mind my sitting here.确定回答 : of course not. /certainly not. /never mind. /no , not at all.否定回答 : yes , youd better not./sorry im afraid not.6. i didn t want to miss the goal , eit.her我也不想丢掉那个球；加竞赛吗 .“ either也”，用于否定句后或否定 2 take part in 指参与某项活动， 相当于 be in或join in+ 活动名称；如:i took p

19、art /joined in her birthday party last night. 昨晚我参与了她的生日晚会；4. they are leaving for japan the day after tomorrow.他们将于后天动身前往日本；are leaving for并不表示动作现在正在进行，而是表示动作将要发生；某些动词的现在进行时可用来表示一个最近按方案或已支配好要进行的动作；如:come , go , do , arrive , start , leave , return , have , stay , spend , sail , meet , fly 等；如:are y

20、ou staying here till tomorrow. 你要在这儿始终待到明天吗 .5. would you mind teaching me.请你教我，好吗 .词组后；如 :peter cant go and i cant , either.彼得不能去，我也不能；“ i dont like it.” “ m我e不either.” “ 喜爱它； ” “我也不喜爱； ”此外， either仍可指 “两者中的任一个”；如:you can park on either side of the street.你可以将车停在这条街的任何一边；you can keep either of the t

21、wo photos.你可以保留两张照片中的任何一张；7. were sure to win next time.下次我们肯定会赢；be sure to do sth. 确定要做某事 表将来；如:its sure to rain. 确定要下雨；【链接】 be sure+that从句确信如:im sure that he is right. 我确信他是对的；8. healthy eating habits and running help to build me up.健康的饮食习惯和跑步帮忙我强健身体；build up 使 健康，增强体play for 为 效力； 3 题意为 易建联在nba 为

22、达拉斯小牛队打球吗 .,故填play for ；2. arrive in /arrive at/ reach/ get to(1) what time did he arrive the village.质；build up 是一个动词 + 副词的短语；这类短语的宾语是代词时，代词必 须放在动词和副词中间 ;假如宾语是(2) at last we大本营 .(3) you can easily get center from here.the base campthe city名词，就可放中间，也可放在副词 后面；此类短语有 give up , put up , cheer up , look

23、up , turn up , ring up , take off, wake up , pick up , put off, turn off, see off, put on , cheer on ,turn on , try on , put away , throw away , work out , carry out, check over, think over, turn down 等；9. i have great fun running. 我从跑步中得到很大乐趣；have fun doing sth. 从做某事中获得乐趣；如 :this term we will have

24、great fun learning english.这个学期我们将从学习英语中获得很大乐趣；类似的结构仍有 :have difficulty in doing sth.have problem s in doing sth.做某事有困难have trouble in doing sth. & 细比细看1. play with /play against /play for(1) our team willclass three next saturday.(2) a group of kids werea ball in the street.(3) does yi jianlianthe

25、dallas mavericks in the nba.【分析比较】 play with 玩耍，嬉戏，玩乐，与 玩耍； 2 题意为孩子们在玩球, 故填playing with ；play against 同 竞赛； 1题意为 两个队竞赛，故填 play against；(4) they will arrivetokyo in two days.【分析比较】 arrive是不及物动词，后常接介词 at或in；arrive at +小地点，到达某个详细的地点，如城镇、车站、乡村、建筑物等； 1题意为 他什么时候到达那个小村庄的 ., 故填at.arrive in + 大地点，到达某国家或大城市；4

26、题意为 他们两天后到达东京； , 故填in；reach 到达，抵达，是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，无须介词； 2 题意为我们最终到达了大本营； , 故填reached. get 是不及物动词，其后接介词 to. 3 题意为 从这里你可以不费劲地到达市中心；, 故填to.3. maybe/ may be(1) he is at home now.(2) hewrong , but were not sure.【分析比较】 maybe 和may be 都是也许，大致 的意思， .maybe 是副词， 常位于句首作状语，句子中仍有谓语动词；1题意为 或许他在家； , 故填maybe ；may be 是

27、 情态动词 + be 动词 结构， 句中没有其他谓语； 2 题意为 他可能错了，但我们不能确定； may be 在句中作谓语，故填 may be ；4. leave/ leave for/ leave. for(1) hehis hometown last week.(2) i amnew york next week to see my good friends there.(3) we willbeijing shanghai.【分析比较】leave 常用作动词，表示 go awayfrom 离开 , leave a place 是指 离开某地 1题意为 他上周离开了家乡； , 故填lea

28、ve 的过去式 left ；leave for +地点名词，表示 动身去前往. 2 中由不定式所表达的意思可知下周我要去纽约，故填 leaving for. leave a for b ，意为离开a地去b地.3题意为 我们预备离开北京去上海； ,故填leave. for ；5. tum on/ turn off/ tum up/ turn down/ close/ open(1) paul , could you pleasethetv a little. its too noisy. sorry , ill do it right now.(2) the lights when you le

29、ave.(3) the tv. lets watch the play together.(4) your mouth , and say ah.(5) the music wasloud and they danced crazily.(6) imy eyes against the bright light.【分析比较】 turn on 与turn off 为反义2 if you dont stopme, i11 come and hit you.【分析比较】 at 和to 与同一动词搭配时，意义有很大的区分； shout to sb. 表示 大声叫某人 多因距离远，声音小听不见； 1题意

30、为 孩子们对着司机喊叫着， 但是他没听见； ，故填shouted to；shout at sb. 就表示愤怒地或有意地对某人大喊大叫； 2 题意为 你要是不停止冲着我叫嚷，我就过去揍你；, 故填shouting at.unit 2 keeping healthy & 考点词汇toothache , dentist , cough , fever , flu , headache , lift , pale , terrible , care , serious , sick , cause . health , medicine , meal , litter, energy , necess

31、ary , disease , empty , stomach , illness , tidy , sweep , choose , tomato , hurry , question , spread , among , examine , patient , herself , themselves , answer , duty , save& 目标短语have a badcold= get a badcold= catch a badcold 患重感冒have a fever发烧take the/one stemperature量体温have the flu患流感have a hea

32、dache/stomachach患e头痛 /胃痛词组， turn on 打开，接通 电流、煤气、have sore eye患s眼睛痛水等 ;turn off 关掉，截断 电流、煤气、水等. turn up 与turn down 为反义词组， turn up开大，调高 音量、热量等 ;turn down把 调低，关小； close 闭上， 关，关闭 门窗、盒子等 ;open 开，打 开，开启 门、窗、盒子等 ；1题由its too noisy. 和a little 可知应填turn down; 2 题由 离开时要关灯 可知应填turn off; 3 题由让咱们一起看电视剧吧 可知应填 turn

33、on; 4 题为张开嘴巴应用open; 5 题由 loud以及 他们疯狂地跳起舞来 可知音乐被开大 了, 故填turned up; 6 题由以防强光的照耀可知应是闭上眼睛，故填 close ；6. shout at/ shout to(1) the childrenthe driver , but he did not hear them.take a rest=have a rest休息plenty of=a lot of=lots of 大量，充分，丰富day and night 日日夜夜lie down躺下worry about 担忧，苦恼feel like doing sth.=wan

34、t to do sth.=would like to do sth. 想要做某事take care of/ look after 照管，照管check over 给做健康检查 ;核对，检查get into 进入in public当众;公开;在公共场合all kinds of 各种各样的hurry up赶快，快点care for 关怀;照管go ahead 尤指经某人答应 干下去; 连续， 请吧，走在前面all the time 始终keep away from=stay away from 远离just a moment =wait a moment=hold on稍等一会儿，请稍等 ,别挂断

35、break out 战争、火灾等 突然发生， 爆发hand in 上交;交纳you should see a dentist.you should listen to and read english every day.please stand in line. donton the one hand， on the other handrush/hurry/push.一方面，另一方面 call/ring.up=givea call/ring=tel ephong/phone/call打电话给michael shouldnt move his leg too much.youd better

36、 go to see a doctor. youd better not go to school today.call/ring b给ack 回电话on theif you have headaches often , you needphone在接电话中，在电话里answer the phone=get on the phon接e 电话since then 从那时起by mistake 错误地make a mistake=make mistake犯s 错ask for leav请e 时间假 askto see a doctor.2. 打电话hello. whos speaking/this

37、.你是谁？ hello. may i speak to tom.hello. id like to speak to mr. green. is that liu ying speaking.two-day leave=ask two days假& 重点句型1. i have a headache.leave请两天this is kangkang speaking.hello. extension 电话分机 six two two six , please.just a moment , please.2. you should see a dentist.3. youd better go

38、to see a doctor.4. youd better not work too long.5. follow the doctors advice , and youll get well soon.6. so id like to ask for a weeks leave.7. how long have you been like this.8. staying up late is bad for your health.9. 1 must ask him to give up smoking.10. you must not read in the sun. 11. we s

39、hould eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat.12. its necessary for us to have healthy eating habits.13. we should eat healthy food and do more exercise to build up our bodies.14. please tell my father not. to forgetthe talk tomorrow afternoon. 15.must we keep the windows open all the time. no,

40、we dont have to./no ,we neednt.16. he thinks smoking can help him relax.17. you should say no to smoking and drinking.& 功能意念1. 劝说hello. could/may i speak to dr. li yuping.sorry , she isnt here right now. ok, ill ring him up later.ill call her back again.can i leave/take a message. sure , go abead.ho

41、ld the line , please. sorry. i cant hear you. the line is badlbusy.i cant get through.sorry , im afraid you have the wrong number.3. 就医whats the matter with you. /whats wrong with you .i have a headache/ cough/fever.what seems to be the trouble. i feel terrible.do you have a fever.how long have you

42、felt like this. its nothing serious. /youll be all right/well soon.something is wrong with your health. take this medicine/ the pills twice a day.ive got a pain here. it hurts here.i cant sleep well.& 语法精粹1. 情态动词 should , shouldnt , had better , had better not , must , mustn need和have to.2. 动名词作主语；3

43、. 反身代词的用法；& 考点剖析1. you should see a dentist. 你应当去看牙医；这是一种表达劝说的句子； shou1d 作情态动词，意为 应当有委婉劝说的含义，后面接动词原形；如 :you should go to bed early. 你应当早点睡觉；should 的否定形式为 shou1dnto如:you shouldnt drink coffee in the evening. 你不应当在晚上喝咖啡；【链接】劝说仍可以用以下句式来表达:(1) had better do sth. 最好做某事；如:youd better call him at once. 你最好

44、立刻给他打电话；其否定形式是 had better not do. 如:you had better not eat hot food. 你最好不要吃辛辣食物；(2) need to do sth. 需要做某事；如 :you need to buy a chinese-english dictionary. 你需要买一本汉英词典；(3) 祈使句表示劝说；如 :please stand in line. 请排队；dont stay up late. 晚上不要熬夜；2. your x-rays show its nothing serious.你的x光片显示 你的腿没什么严峻的；“ nothing

45、 serious没什么严峻的 ；形容词修饰不定代词要后置；如 :i have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事要告知你；do you have something else to say.你仍有什么别的要说的吗 .3. so id like to ask for two weeks leave.所以我想请两周假；(1) ask sb. for sth.恳求，恳求 赐予 ;征求；如:why dont you ask him for some advtic,e. 你为什么不征求他的看法 . jack is asking for a job. 杰克正在求

46、职；(2) leave 在这里是名词，是 假期， 休假 的意思；【链接】leave 作动词时，有 离开 忘了带，丢下 ; 交托，托付 等官义；如:the plane leaves for tokyo a:t 13: 00.飞机13:00飞往东京；ive left my bag on the bus. 我把包丢在公共汽车上了；you can leave the cooking to me. 你可以把做饭事交给我负责；4. standing up late is bad for your health.熬夜太晚对你的健康有害；(1) 在这里 staying up 是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数

47、形式；有时候动名词也可作主语；如 : dancing is fun. 跳舞是一种乐趣；smoking is bad for you. 吸烟对你有害；(2) be good /bad for 对有益/害；如:walking is good for our health.漫步对我们的健康有益；5. i must ask him to give up smoking. 我肯定得让他戒烟；give up doing sth. 意为 舍弃（做某） 事 ；如:jim is not good at chinese and he wants to give it up. 吉姆语文学不好， 他想舍弃了；6. y

48、ou might get a headache when you work too hard or when you dont get enough sleep. 当你工作太累或睡眠不足时，你可能会头痛；enough 作形容词时，修饰名词， 置于名词的前后均可；如 :do you have enough money.你有足够的钱吗 .【链接】 1 enough 作副词时，修饰形容词或副词，应置于所修饰的形容词或副词之后；如 :she is not old enough to go to school.= she is too young to go to school她.太小了，仍不能上学；i

49、 didnt get up ear1y enough this morning. 今日早晨我起得不够早；2enough 作代词，意为 足够的东西；如:i have enough to do. 我要做的事够多了；7. its my duty to save patients.挽救病人的生命是我的职责；its ones duty to do. 做 是某人的职责；it 作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语；如 :its my duty to study well. 好好学习是我的责任；【链接】1. its necessary for us to drink enough water every day

50、. 我们每天喝足够的水是必要的；2. its kind of you to help me. 你帮忙我真是太好了；第一句中的 necessary 描述的是 todrink enough water 这一事物 ,us 前使用for ；其次句中的形容词 kind 是描述人 you 的性格特点的，不定式的规律主语 you 用of 引出；& 细比细看又如: its important for us to learn english well.its nice of you to say so.1. too much/much too/too many(1) there aremistakes in t

51、he passage.(2) eatingcandy is bad foryour teeth.(3) the problem. iseasy for them.【分析比较】 too many 太多 用于修饰名词复数； 1题意为 这篇文章里有太多错误 ；mistakes 是名词复数，故填 too many；too much 修饰不行数名词； candy 在此作不行数名词；故 2 填too much；much too 太常用于修饰副词或形容词； 3 题意为 这个问题对于他们来说太简洁了 ;easy是形容词，故填 much too；2. sick/ill(1) thechild needs hel

52、p.(2) his grandma is stillin bed.【分析比较】 sick 生病的，有病的 ；主要用于美式英语，可以用作定语，也可以用作表语；故 1和2 两题都可以填sick ；ill与sick 同义， ill主要用于英式英语，且通常不作定语，只用作表语；故1不能填 ill，只有 2 可填ill；3. must/have to/mustnt/ dont have to(1) wework hard.(2) it rained yesterday and westay at home.(3) look at the sign. you smoke in the sleeping c

53、ar.(4) youclean the roomright now. you can do it tomorrow.【分析比较】 must 表示 必需 时， 着重于说话人主观上认为有必要，有义 务；1题意为 我们必需努力学习 这里是 我们 主观上认为要努力学习，故填must .have to +动词原形，表示 不得不， 必需着重于客观的需要； 2 题意为 昨天下雨了，我们不得不待在家； 故填had to.mustnt 指 警告某人肯定不要做某事；3 题意为 看看这个标志；你肯定不要在卧铺车厢里吸烟； ，故填mustntdon t have to指 不必;没有必要 .4 题意为 你不必立刻打扫房

54、间，可以明天打扫； 故填dont have to.4. a lot of/plenty of/a number of(1) there arepeople in the park on sundays.(2) you should drinkwater,and have a good rest.【分析比较】 a lot of = lots of 表示 大量的，很多 ；既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不行数名词； plenty of 与a lot of 同义，既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不行 数名词； a number of 表示 很多，大量的 修饰可数名词；故 1三者都可以用；而2 填a lot of 和plenty of 都可以；5. among/between(1) there is a villagethe two rivers.(2) the teacher is sitting the children.【分析比较】among 指三者或三者以上之间； 2题意为 老师坐在孩子们中间；孩子们是指三者以上，故填among .between一般指两者之间； 1题意为 两条河之间有个村庄； 故填