大理昆钢力信投资开发有限公司预拌混凝土搅拌站可行研究报告

1、lesson 1 a private conversation 私人谈话last week i went to the theatre. i had a very good seat. the play was very interesting. i did not enjoy it. a young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. they were talking loudly. i got very angry. i could not hear the actors. i turned round. i looked at t

2、he man and the woman angrily. they did not pay any attention. in the end, i could not bear it. i turned round again. i cant hear a word! i said angrily. its none of your business, the young man said rudely. this is a private conversation!.lesson 2 breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐？it was sunday. i never ge

3、t up early on sundays. i sometimes stay in bed until lunch time.last sunday i got up very late. i looked out of the window. it was dark outside. what a day! i thought. its raining again. just then, the telephone rang. it was my aunt lucy. ive just arrived by train, she said. im coming to see you. bu

4、t im still having breakfast, i said.what are you doing ? she asked. im having breakfast, i repeated.dear me, she said. do you always get up so late ? its one oclock!lesson 3 please send me a card 请给我寄一张明信片 postcards always spoil my holidays. last summer, i went to italy. i visited museums and sat in

5、 public gardens. a friendly waiter taught me a few words of italian. then he lent me a book. i read a few lines, but i did not understand a word. every day i thought about postcards. my holidays passed quickly, but i did not send any cards to my friends. on the last day i made a big decision. i got

6、up early and bought thirty-seven cards. i spent the whole day in my room, but i did not write a single card !lesson 4 an exciting trip 激动人心的旅行i have just received a letter from my brother, tim. he is in australia. he has been there for six months. tim is an engineer. he is working for a big firm and

7、 he has already visited a great number of different places in australia. he has just bought an australian car and has gone to alice springs, a small town in the centre of australia. he will soon visit darwin. from there, he will fly to perth. my brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding

8、 this trip very exciting.lesson 5 no wrong numbers 无错号之虞 mr james scott has a garage in silbury and now he has just bought another garage in pinhurst. pinhurst is only five miles from silbury, but mr scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons. yesterday, a

9、pigeon carried the first message from pinhurst to silbury. the bird covered the distance in three minutes. up to now, mr scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other. in this way, he has begun his own private telephone service.lesson 6 p

10、ercy buttons 珀西巴顿斯i have just moved to a house in bridge street. yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. he asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. in return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. i gave him a meal. he ate the food and drank the beer. then he put a piece of cheese in

11、 his pocket and went away. later a neighbour told me about him. everybody knows him. his name is percy buttons. he calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.lesson 7 too late 为时太晚 the plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all m

12、orning. they were expecting a valuable parcel of diamond from south africa. a few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. when the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. t

13、wo men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the customs house. while two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. to their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand!lesson 8 the best and the worst 最好的和最差的joe sanders has the most beautiful

14、garden in our town. nearly everybody enters for the nicest garden competition each year, but joe wins every time. bill friths garden is larger than joes. bill works harder than joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but joes garden is more interesting. he has made neat paths and has built a wood

15、en bridge over a pool. i like gardens too, but i do not like hard work. every year i enter for the garden competition too, and i always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!lesson 9 a cold welcome 冷遇on wednesday evening, we went to the town hall. it was the last day of the year and a

16、large crowd of people had gathered under the town hall clock. it would strike twelve in twenty minutes time. fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. the big minute hand did not move. we waited and waited, but nothing happened. suddenly someone shouted, its two minutes

17、past twelve! the clock has stopped! i looked at my watch. it was true. the big clock refused to welcome the new year. at that moment everybody began to laugh and sing.lesson 10 not for jazz 不适于演奏爵士乐we have an old musical instrument. it is called a clavichord(翼琴). it was made in germany in 1681. our

18、clavichord is kept in the living-room. it has belong to our family for a long time. the instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. recently it was damaged by a visitor. she tried to play jazz on it! she struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. my father was shocked.

19、now we are not allowed to touch it. it is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.lesson 11 one good turn deserves another 礼尚往来i was having dinner at a restaurant when harry steele came in. harry worked in a lawyers office years ago, but he is now working at a bank. he gets a good salary, but he al

20、ways borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. harry saw me and came and sat at the same table. he has never borrowed money from me. while he was eating, i asked him to lend me &2. to my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. i have never borrowed any money from you, harry said, so

21、 now you can pay for my dinner!lesson 12 goodbye and good luck 再见，一路顺风our ncighbour, captain charles alison, will sail from portsmouth tomorrow. we shall meet him at the harbour early in the morning. he will be in his small boat, topsail.tapsail is a famous little boat. it has sailed across the atla

22、ntic many times. captain alison will set out at eight oclock so we shall have plenty of time. we shall see his boat and then we shall say good-bye to him. he will be away for two months. we are very proud of him. he will take part in an important race across the atlantic.lesson 13 the greenwood boys

23、 绿林少年the greenwood boys are a group of popular singers. at present, they are visiting all parts of the country. they will be arriving here tomorrow. they will be coming by train and most of the youngpeople in the town will be meeting them at the station. tomorrow evening they will be singing at the

24、workers club. the greenwood boys will be staying for five days. during this time, they will give five performances. as usual, the police will have a difficult time. they will be trying to keep order. it is always the same on these occasions.lesson 14 do you speak english? 你会讲英语吗？i had an amusing exp

25、erience last year. after i had left a small village in the south of france, i drove on to the next town. on the way, a young man waved to me. i stopped and he asked me for a lift. as soon as he had got into the car, i said good morning to him in french and he replied in the same language. apart from

26、 a few words, i do not know any french at all. neither of us spoke during the journey. i had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, do you speak english? as i soon learnt, he was english himself!lesson 15 good news 佳音 the secretary told me that mr. harmsworth would s

27、ee me. i felt very nervous when. i went into his office. he did not look up from his desk when i entered. after i had sat down, he said that business was very bad. he told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. twenty people had already left. i knew that my turn had come. mr.

28、harmsworth, i said in a weak voice. dont interrupt, he said. then he smiled and told me i would receive an extra &100 a year!lesson 16 a polite request 彬彬有礼的要求if you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. you will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. ho

29、wever, this does not always happen. traffic police are sometimes very polite. during a holiday in sweden, i found this note on my car: sir, we welcome you to our city. this is a no parking area. you will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. this note is only a reminder. if

30、you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!lesson 17 always young 青年常驻my aunt jennifer is an actress. she must be at least thirty-five years old. in spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. this time, she will

31、 be a girl of seventeen. in the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. if anyone ever asked her how old she is, she always answers, my dear, it must be terrible to be grown up!l

32、esson18 he often does this! 他经常干这种事！after i had had lunch at a village inn, i looked for my bag. i had left it on a chair beside the door and now it wasnt there ! as i was looking for it, the inn-keeper came in. did you have a good meal ? he asked. yes, thank you, i answered, but i cant pay the bill

33、. i havent got my bag. the inn-keeper smiled and immediately went out. in a few minutes he returned with my bag and gave it back to me. im very sorry, he said my dog had taken it into the garden. he often does this.lesson19 sold out 票已售完the play may begin at any moment, i said. it may have begun alr

34、eady, susan answered.i hurried to the ticket-office. may i have two tickets please ? i asked.im sorry, weve sold out, the girl said.what a pity! susan exclaimed.just then, a man hurried to the ticket-office.can i return these two tickets? he asked.certainly, the girl said.could i have those two tick

35、ets please ? i asked.certainly, the girl said, but they are for next wednesdays performance.i might as well have them, i said sadly.lesson20 one man in a boat 独坐孤舟fishing is my favourite sport. i often fish for hours without catching anything. but this does not worry me. some fishermen are unlucky.

36、instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. i am even less lucky. i never catch anything-not even old boots. after having spent whole mornings on the river, i always go home with an empty bag. you must give up fishing! my friends say. its a waste of time. but they dont realize one im

37、portant thing. im not really interested in fishing. i am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all !lesson21 mad or not? 是不是疯了？aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. i live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. the airport was built during the war, but for

38、 some reason it could not be used then. last year, however, it came into use. over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. i am one of the few people left. sometimes i think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. i have been offered a large sum of mone

39、y to go away, but i am determined to stay here. everybody says i must be mad and they are probably right.lesson22 a glass envelope 玻璃信封my daughter, jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in holland. last year, we were travelling across the channel and jane put a piece o

40、f paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. she threw the bottle into the sea. she never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in holland. both girls write to each other regularly now. however, they have decided to use the post-office. letters will c

41、ost a litt1e more, but they will certainly travel faster. lesson23 a new house 新居i 昆钢重型装备制造集团有限公司机械设备制造建安工程有限公司预拌混凝土搅拌站 可 行 性 研 究 报 告 武汉钢铁集团设计研究院 二0 0九年九月院 长：李小虎总工程师：王保元 编 制： 王 欣 审 核： 李志高审 定： 刘 璇1.1、 项目背景41.1.1、 项目名称41.1.2、 项目承办单位51.1.3、 承担项目可研单位51.1.4、 项目地址51.1.5、 项目提出的背景71.2、 编制依据71.3、 项目概况81.3.1、

42、 项目拟建地点81.3.2、 项目建设规模82、 市场分析83、厂址选择与建厂条件93.1、 厂址选择93.2 原料条件93.3、 供电供水104、.生产工艺及主要设备选型194.1生产工艺流程194.2商品混凝土生产线的组成194.3主要设备和辅助设备表274.4总体布置354.5.交通运输365、电气及给排水365.1、电气365.2、给排水系统386、环境保护与劳动安全、工业卫生396.1、环境保护396.2、污染防治措施407、投资估算及经济分析427.1、投资估算427.2、经济分析437.3结论471、 项目总论1.1、 项目背景1.1.1、 项目名称预拌混凝土搅拌站1.1.2、

43、项目承办单位昆钢重型装备制造集团有限公司机械设备制造建安工程有限公司 1.1.3、 承担项目可研单位武汉钢铁集团设计研究院1.1.4、 项目地址昆钢龙山矿地区1.1.5、 项目提出的背景、项目建设的必要性1、符合国家产业政策混凝土搅拌站在我国经过十多年的发展，到目前为止已经在省会城市和沿海发达城市广泛使用，如上海、广州、深圳等地商品混凝土使用率已达6080%，基本达到发达国家的水平。然而，在一些中等城市和小城市，商品混凝土的使用率还很低，根据商务部、建设部、公安部、交通部发布的关于限期禁止在城市城区现场搅拌混凝土的通知文件，建设部对全国127个城市3年内禁止现场拌制混凝土，昆明市

44、被列入第二批名单。按照国家产业政策要求和行业发展趋势，混凝土集中搅拌将成为今后城市建设中混凝土供应的主导方式。目前，我国城市化进程不断加快，商品混凝土在城市建设中还有巨大的发展空间，在这样的历史背景下，依托昆钢集团建设项目，并积极拓展安安宁、太平商品混凝土市场，建设一个技术先进的大型混凝土搅拌站（楼），满足区域城市建设的需要，其发展前景十分看好。2、技术成熟商品混凝土亦称预拌混凝土，它是市场经济和现代混凝土工艺技术相结合的产物，是混凝土发展史上的一次革命突破，是混凝土工业走向现代化、科学化、专业化的标志。在国外，商品混凝土已成为一门重要的产业，有专业的刊物，如美国的premixed concr

45、ete和德国的ready-mix concrete杂志等，是一门成熟的行业。商品混凝土在我国兴起的时间较短，但近年来，随着国家对城市环境保护和建设质量提出的要求，商品混凝土因其质量稳定，可靠性较高、生产能力大、计量精度高等总产量迅速提高。与此同时，相关产业也得到了快速的发展，（装备的国产化大型化、系列化情况）。3、符合市场需要和发展方向2003年1月，为推进预拌混凝土在市政建设和房地产开发中的应用，减少城市污染，昆明市政府发布了昆明市预拌商品混凝土管理办法（昆明市人民政府令第41号），文件中明确规定：自2003年4月1日起，昆明市城市规划主城建成区范围内的各类建设工程项目，在施工过程中，必须使

46、用预拌商品混凝土。主城建成区外、主城规划区范围以内，3000平方米及其以上的房屋建设、市政建设等建设工程项目，在施工过程中，必须使用预拌商品混凝土。该办法的实施为昆明市预拌商品混凝土行业的发展创造了条件。昆明市昆明市预拌商品混凝土管理办法颁布后，近几年昆明市预拌商品混凝土行业得到了快速发展。目前，昆明市商品混凝土生产线达到了60条，设计生产能力达到了1500万立方，规划禁用区内，项目建设所用混凝土已基本采用预拌混凝土。安宁作紧临昆明市的卫星城，在郊县中经济处于发达地位，近年来，市政府十分重视市容、市貌建设，目前，市政府正在申请国家级卫生城市。为提高城市建设工程质量，改善城市环境，加强城市建设管

47、理，随着办法的进一步推广实施，安宁市采用预拌混凝土将首当其冲。4、企业发展的需要随着昆钢集团公司“十一五”规划的实施，大批项目将要起动，尤其是草铺新厂的建设工程，结合昆钢重型装备制造集团有限公司机械设备制造建安工程有限公司的发展，以及建筑施工总承包一级资质所承担工程的需要，在安宁地区建设一个商品混凝土搅拌站，优势十分明显，前景十分看好。1.2、 编制依据 项目单位委托书； 项目单位提供的工艺、公用工程、原燃料供应及其它技术基础资料； 国家关于发展循环经济方面政策法规及鼓励政策； 国家规范：规范； 设备生产厂家有关设备资料。1.3、 项目概况1.3.1、 项目拟建地点昆钢龙山矿地区。1.3.2、

48、 项目建设规模项目采用先进、成熟可靠的技术和设备，建设一个年产60万m3商品混凝土的生产线。2、 市场分析目前安宁市范围内还没有实行建设项目强制使用商品混凝土的政策，但是随着国家环保政策的要求和安宁市建设国家级卫生城的需要，在建设项目中强制使用商品混凝土的已为时不远。现在安宁市虽有商品混凝土搅拌站，但建设规模小，市场占有率不大，远不能满足市场需求。因此，我们建设混凝土搅拌站具有巨大潜在的市场和发展空间。昆钢重型装备制造集团有限公司机械设备制造建安工程有限公司在昆钢龙山矿建立商品混凝土搅拌站具有的优势是明显的，概括起来有以下几个方面： （一）充分利用昆钢重型装备制造集团有限公司机械设备制造建安工

49、程有限公司的基建和技术管理优势。各层次技术人才和管理人才储备丰厚，具有组织实施大型工程建设和管理的丰富经验，从根本上保证项目的高起点建设和高水平管理。 （二）充分利用昆钢重型装备制造集团有限公司机械设备制造建安工程有限公司的设备（如：装载机，拖泵等）和人员（如机械修理等）。 （三）充分利用昆钢建设，昆钢草铺新厂的建设及安宁市区的发展。 3、厂址选择与建厂条件3.1、厂址选择 一般情况下，商品混凝土搅拌站的经济运营半径为1520 km。结合昆钢建设、昆钢草铺新厂建设及安宁市区的开发项目及生产原材料的分布，经过分析利弊、多方实地考察、比选，拟以昆钢龙山矿作为建站确定选址地点。3.2、原料条件在原材

50、料供应方面，也均在合理的运营半径内，具体如下：材料供货商供应量运距（km）石料昆钢龙山矿1000t/天1砂棋台砂场水泥325嘉华水泥厂34255253.3、供电供水 根据昆钢重型装备制造集团有限公司机械设备制造建安工程有限公司与昆钢龙山矿签定的水电供应的意向书，搅拌站所用的水电由昆钢龙山矿供给。3.3.1、供水 项目平均日用水量为 600立方米，最大日用水量为1200立方米。生产用水从昆钢龙山矿引入。3.3.2、排水 配套建盖污水处理池、生产冷却污水经处理后循环使用，无生产污水排放。生活污水排入厂区生活污水管网。3.3.3、供电 项目装机容量为 280kw，电源由昆钢龙山矿搭接生产及生活用电引

51、入。且昆钢龙山矿供电系统为双回路系统满足了搅拌站供电系统为双回路系统要求。4. 生产工艺及主要设备4.1生产工艺流程粗集料储存哭输送机细集料储存输送机输送机布料机储存仓储存仓配料计量配料计量水泥筒仓矿物掺合物筒仓外加剂水螺旋输送机配料计量螺旋输送机配料计量配料计量计量搅拌机运输机搅拌机4.2商品混凝土生产线的组成商品混凝土生产线由主机、胶带输送机、砂石仓、配料站、粉料筒仓、螺旋输送机、计量系统、供液系统、实验室、回收站等组成。4.2.1、搅拌主机根据建设规模需要，在考虑技术等因素的前提下，按照先进、可靠节省投资的原则，计划选用2hzs180混凝土搅拌站（年生产能力60万m3）。该装备理论混凝土

52、产量达360m3小时，在混凝土供应峰值期，可以满足在较短的时间内供应大方量混凝土的需要，灵活机动应对市场需求。4.2.2、主要设施包括混凝土搅拌主楼，实验室，办公楼，库房和生活设施（宿舍和食堂等）4.2.3、2hzs180混凝土搅拌站组成及技术方案2hzs180混凝土搅拌站结构组成 2hzs180混凝土搅拌站由骨料配料系统、骨料提升系统、计量系统、搅拌系统、控制系统、主楼、环保措施、水路及气路系统、外装喷涂等组成、骨料配料系统它主要用于各种骨料的精确计量。料仓容积大，积木式排列，适应性强，方管制造主骨架，美观大方结实。根据用户和不同要求提供地上、地下两种型式的配料站，标准料仓数4

53、个（可按客户要求增加）。配料站主要由储料斗、计量斗、送料皮带机等组成。骨料计量采用单独计量（既可提高精度，又能缩短计量时间），采用进口传感器，储料斗下方设有两个气动门，初始计量时两门都打开，计量到80时，其中一个关闭，这样即缩短了计量时间，又保证了计量精度。骨料斗计量采用电子秤称量，由三只压力称重传感器采集信号，并具有超称扣称、欠称补称功能，并带防卡骨料装置。在计量斗和储料斗侧壁处设有振动器，防止骨料粘附。计量的骨料经皮带机运输至倾斜皮带机中。1)大倾角骨料仓可极大地缓解雨天砂含粉量高含水率大难下料的问题。2)优质高稳定性传感器可确保计量的准确和可靠。3)可满足水工等特殊骨料的配料要求。4.2

54、.3.2、 骨料提升系统骨料提升系统主要由皮带机及暂存斗组成。采用4层nn200型尼龙皮带,其强度好,耐冲击,层间粘力大,屈挠性优异使用寿命长。皮带机上下包封及骨料暂存斗全封闭式，皮带机与过渡仓接口采用皮带机抛料曲线设计，大大减少了噪声污染和粉尘飞扬，并可极大的延长骨料仓的使用寿命。1)用专业厂家定点制造的迷宫式密封的皮带机专用托辊,可极大地减少皮带在运行时的阻力,延长托辊的使用寿命。2)采用美国技术可拆插片式摩擦滚筒,为国内独创并唯一,超大的摩擦系数极大地提高了主动滚筒的驱动力矩,避免了皮带的打滑现象；并可在原滚筒上更换摩擦片,大大方便使用和维修。3)主斜皮带机采用大桁架式，皮带机下部为全包

55、封，在皮带机头部设有合金清扫器和皮带机水冲洗系统，可以对皮带机的粘料进行彻底的清理，并避免皮带机撒料的现象。4)骨料仓开门可按客户要求实行二次投料,以满足生产高速铁路用高性能混凝土的生产要求。、计量系统计量系统全部采用电子秤计量，水泥、粉煤灰、添加剂、水分别单独计量，可实现各计量秤的欠扣秤功能，计量精度得到了保证。添加剂计量斗采用不锈钢制成,其下部设有计量防漏装置,可确保其计量的准确。计量后的添加剂直接注入到清水秤中，和水一起进入搅拌缸,因此在进入搅拌机添加剂已被稀释，混合更均匀。1)自清洁布袋除尘系统可迅速消除过渡仓投料及主机卸料时给粉料计量系统所带来的正负压力。2)各无纺布软

56、接以保证各秤的灵活。3)大折角粉料秤设计使秤内绝无残料。4)优质高稳定性传感器可确保计量的准确和可靠。、搅拌系统1)双卧轴双螺带式搅拌机（可用于商品混凝土和高强度混凝土的拌合）（目前1m3;1.5m3;2m3和3m3已投放市场）。2)双卧轴叶片式搅拌机（可用于常态混凝土的拌合，在叶片角度调整后可用于水工混凝土的拌合，有1m3,1.5m3,2m3,3m3和4m3五种机型）。双螺带式主机,其连续式搅拌叶片，具有神奇的搅拌能力，大大缩短了搅拌时间，更能迅速制造出高品质的混凝土。双卧轴双螺旋混凝土搅拌主机与普通搅拌主机相比具有以下特点：l 更高的搅拌能力l 更快的卸料速度l 更低的损耗和

57、能耗l 搅拌效果更剧烈，均匀，迅速 和普通搅拌主机相比，只要用低于普通搅拌主机的一半搅拌时间即可达到均质搅拌。对于普通混凝土只需20s可达到均质搅拌，对于高性能混凝土只需40s可达到均质搅拌。对于整个搅拌站而言，采用双卧轴双螺旋搅拌主机实现了对高强度，高流动混凝土的复杂搅拌过程的高速化，具有绝对优势的高速搅拌能力。在普通搅拌站基础上采用双卧轴双螺旋搅拌主机，在结构上只需稍加改良，而成本几乎不增长，因此选择双卧轴双螺旋搅拌主机是最佳选择。（1）、搅拌桶体搅拌桶体由优质钢板整体弯成“”形状，由结构特别的管状框架承托，足够的刚度和强度保证主机的正常运转。（2）、搅拌装置搅拌主机工作时，搅拌轴相向转动，在搅拌臂与螺带叶片的作用下，物料呈沸腾状运动，同时在搅拌