雅思图表写作：地图

1、地图题类型n选址题1.第一段介绍地图描述的是什么2.第二段描写第一种方案，并描述第一种方案的利弊3.第三段描写第二种方案，并描写第二种方案的利弊n变迁题1.第一段介绍地图描述的是什么。2.第二段对第一幅图描写，将地图的主要情况描述出来。3.第三段写第二幅图与第一幅图的区别。map 地图地图northwestcountrysideFewer customersTrain, buscentredowntownresidential, industryshopperstrafficcommuteMAP-S1nThe map shows two proposed locations for a new

2、 supermarket for the town of Garlsdon.-总起总起nThe first potential location (S1) is outside the town itself, and is sited just off the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12kms to the north-west. This site is in the countryside and so would be able to accommodate a lot of car parking. This would mak

3、e it accessible to shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel by car. As it is also close to the railway line linking the two towns to Cransdon (25km to the south-east), a potentially large number of shoppers would also be able to travel by train.MAP-S2nIn contrast, the suggested locati

4、on, S2, is right in the town center, which would be good for local residents. Theoretically the store could be accessed by road or rail from the surrounding towns, including Bransdon, but as the central area is a no-traffic zone, cars would be unable to park and access would be difficult.nOverall, n

5、either site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon, Hindon and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site (S1) would probably offer more advantages.-总结性描述作为结尾总结性描述作为结尾时态n如果地图题反映的一个地方在过去的一段时间的变化，文章用一般过去时。如果地图题反映的一个地方在过去的一段时间的变化，文章用一般过去时。n如果地图题反映的是一个地方在将来一段时间的变化趋势，文章用一般将来如果地图题反映的是一个地方在将来一

6、段时间的变化趋势，文章用一般将来时或表时或表“估计估计”的词汇。的词汇。n如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化，可用现完成时。如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化，可用现完成时。如：现在停车场改成了一个剧院。如：现在停车场改成了一个剧院。The car park has been removed and replaced by a theatre.The car park has been removed and replaced by a theatre.城镇城镇A A的家庭数量从的家庭数量从19371937年到年到20202020年将翻一番。年将翻一番。The number

7、 of homes in Town A is likely to doubleThe number of homes in Town A is likely to double(is likely to= is predicted to /is estimated to/is projected (is likely to= is predicted to /is estimated to/is projected to/is expected to )to/is expected to )又可为：又可为：It is likely that the number of homes in Tow

8、n A will double.It is likely that the number of homes in Town A will double.(it is likely that = it is predicted/estimated/projected/ (it is likely that = it is predicted/estimated/projected/ expected that.)expected that.)n细节变化细节变化地图每个细节变化都要提到，不要忽视一个细节地图每个细节变化都要提到，不要忽视一个细节n语态语态地图题用被动语态地图题用被动语态如：如： 2

9、0002000年在城镇年在城镇A A 新建了一个医院：新建了一个医院：A new hospital was established in Town A in A new hospital was established in Town A in 2000.2000.n地图题的书写顺序：时间顺序和空间顺序地图题的书写顺序：时间顺序和空间顺序方位的表达nA位于B的范围内 ，如A位于B的东部地区 Shanghai is in the east of ChinanA在B以东，即A位于B以东 Japan is to the east of ChinanA在B以东，并且接壤 Tianjin is on t

10、he east of HebeinA在B 西北部的120 千米处 A lies 120 km to the northwest of B nA 在B 的东方/西方/南方/北方A is/ lies/ is located/ is situated in/on / to the east/west/south/north of B(in 表A 在B 内部， ON 表A 和B接壤，TO 表A 和B 分开)nA 在B 内部的某个部位A is in the eastern/ southern/ western/ northern part ofnA 在B.角落A is at/in the south-e

11、astern corner of B ( at 表示A 在B 外部， in表A 在B 内部)n在河流或道路的南边/北边等On the south/southern side of the riverOn both sides of the roadOn the other siden临近马路的地区 The area adjacent to/ near /next to/ just off the roadn在道路或河流的最南端At the southern end of the riverA 在B 的对面A is on the opposite side of BA is opposite B

12、A 在B 东部的边界上（A 在B外部）A is on the eastern border of BA 在B 东部边缘上 （A 在B 内部）A is on/ along the eastern edge of BDraw by yourself nThe playground is roughly in the middle of the residential zone.nThe bank is in the northwest corner of the residential zone.nHouses are at the bottom of the residential zone.n

13、The motorcyclist is outside the residential zone.nThe barbers is opposite to the banknThe supermarket is halfway between the bank and the barbers.nThe supermarket is directly opposite to the stop.nA local bus is to the right of the station.nChorleywood is a village near London whose population has i

14、ncreased steadily since the middle of the nineteenth century. The map below shows the development of the village. nWrite a report for a university lecturer describing the development of the village.n发展型nfish market and fishing port - fish market became apartments; fishing port fish market and fishin

15、g port - fish market became apartments; fishing port has been removedhas been removednshop-restaurantsshop-restaurantsnhotel-a car park has been builthotel-a car park has been builtnhousing area-houses increasing and more roads have been builthousing area-houses increasing and more roads have been b

16、uiltnfarmland and forest park-golf and tennis courtfarmland and forest park-golf and tennis courtP1nThe two maps illustrate the difference of xx between 1995 and presentP2nIn the first picture, the village was divided into three parts by two major roads. In the southern part, there was a fishing por

17、t on the sea. And a fish market, which was near the port, was just located at the south side of the major road. Opposite to the market, there was a block of shops sitting on the other side of the road. East of the shops, a hotel and a cafe were built at the joint of the two major roads. The northwes

18、t part was basically a residential area, and some of the houses were surrounded by a rectangular road. In addition, a farmland of great acreage occupied the northeast corner, while a forest part of a similar size was established on the south of the farmland. P3nIn the second picture, the village has

19、 changed a lot. The fishing port has gone and the fish market is replaced by a block of apartments. Several restaurants also take up the place of the shops on the road side. Moreover, a car park is newly built on the east of the hotel. In addition, the housing area becomes larger and a branch is bui

20、lt from the rectangular road to the west. Finally, a sports field for tennis and golf occupied the place of previous farmland and the forest park. P1nThe map shows the changes and development of Chorleywood village in Great Britain over a period of 126 years from 1868 to 1994. P2nChronologically, du

21、ring the first 15 years from 1868 to 1883, Chorleywood was merely a very small village with one main road to its west.n From 1883 to 1922, we see that the village expanded to south, almost tripled the original scale. P2nBesides, a railway line was built across the new area from west to east and ther

22、e emerged the Chorleywood Station. nDuring 1922-1970, Chorleywood extended both eastward and westward and almost doubled the previous size. P3nThen during 1970-1994, the village accelerated its pace of development eastward. nA north-south motorway built in 1970 as the axis, with the almost parallele

23、d to east-west main road and railway as two dividing lines, cutting this new area into five parts. P3nThis new expansion was almost twice the scale of the old village. nThe Chorleywood Park and a golf course separated the old and new area. P4nThus, we see the fast expansion history of this small vil

24、lage across a span of over 100 years.“变化”词汇n地图题描述的是一个地区的变化，那么地图题描述的是一个地区的变化，那么“变化变化”词汇必须过关。词汇必须过关。分析发现，变化包括两种：图形原有事物的改变，图形新添事物。分析发现，变化包括两种：图形原有事物的改变，图形新添事物。n原有事物可说成：原有事物可说成：The original/previous/former gardenThe original/previous/former garden原有事物尺寸上变大原有事物尺寸上变大/ /变小：变小：The size of the library has be

25、en enlarged/extended/halved/reduced by halfThe size of the library has been enlarged/extended/halved/reduced by half原有事物在数量上增多或减少：原有事物在数量上增多或减少：The number of homes has increased/risen/grown/reduced The number of homes has increased/risen/grown/reduced /decreased/dropped/fallen/doubled/ tripled/ quad

26、rupled to 500./decreased/dropped/fallen/doubled/ tripled/ quadrupled to 500.原有事物没了：原有事物没了：The farms completely disappeared/were removed.The farms completely disappeared/were removed.原有事物被改为：原有事物被改为：A becomes B/A is transformed /reconstructed/ redeveloped/converted/changed A becomes B/A is transforme

27、d /reconstructed/ redeveloped/converted/changed /turned over to/ into B/A is replaced /substituted by B = A gives way to B/turned over to/ into B/A is replaced /substituted by B = A gives way to B图形新添事物A newly-built roadA new car park was built/established/set up /constructed/ completed and opened i

28、n the middle of BA new IT centre has been added to the libraryThe year 2000 saw two additions to the land: a pond in the northern part and a vegetable garden on the opposite side.(高分句型)nWRITING TASK 1WRITING TASK 1nYou should spend about 20 minutes on this task.nnThe diagram below shows the developm

29、ent of the village The diagram below shows the development of the village of Kelsby between 1780 and 2000.of Kelsby between 1780 and 2000.nnSummarise the information by selecting and reporting Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant

30、.the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.nThe three maps illustrate how the village of Kelsby changed in 1780, 1860 and 2000.nIn 1780, Kelsby had only 100 homes. There was a large expanse of woods in the eastern part of the village and four plots of farmland in the centre. In the west

31、 was a river flowing from north to south.nThe year 1860 saw a doubling of the number of homes, but the size of farmland and woods was halved. In the same year, a bridge was constructed over the river and a road was paved linking the river to the residences.n 140 years later, the number of homes more

32、 than doubled to 500, but farms and woods completely disappeared. In their places, several school buildings and sports facilities were constructed at the south-eastern corner of the village, which were connected with the residential areas in the north via a newly-build road. Some shops opened up alo

33、ng the river bank and a large stretch of wetland for birds was established at the southern end of the river.Local museum in 1957Local museum in 1987The local museum in 2007nThe maps illustrate the three phases when the local museum and its surrounding have modified during the past 50 years. nSpecifi

34、cally, initially in 1957, the museum, located in the south-west corner, was composed of three partsa public reading room that sat on the north, a hall in the south-west corner, and a kitchen next to it. The rest of the site was a garden.nThe year 1987 saw the museum had been expanded northward while

35、 shrunken westward. The entire building consisted of only two sections at this point, namely the reading room in the north and the hall on the south. The original kitchen and reading room were removed from the map. The garden adjacent to the museum remained where it stood, though.nEventually, by the

36、 year 2007, modifications have taken place again. While the hall was the same as what it was in 1987, the meeting room was replaced by a theater twice as big as its 1987 size. Another notable change is that the garden was converted into a parking lot.nOverall, the maps show clearly how the museum an

37、d its layouts have remodeled during the past 50 years. nThe diagrams below give information about the Eiffel Tower in The diagrams below give information about the Eiffel Tower in Paris and an outline project to extend it underground.Paris and an outline project to extend it underground.nThe Eiffel

38、Tower is situated close to the Seine River in Paris. The Eiffel Tower is situated close to the Seine River in Paris. It is a metal structure that is 1,063 feet high and weighs 7,417 It is a metal structure that is 1,063 feet high and weighs 7,417 tonnes. The tower has been a tourist attraction since

39、 1889, when tonnes. The tower has been a tourist attraction since 1889, when it was built, and there are 1,665 steps that can be climbed in it was built, and there are 1,665 steps that can be climbed in order to reach the two viewing platforms.order to reach the two viewing platforms.There are now p

40、lans to build below the foundations of the tower. There are now plans to build below the foundations of the tower. These plans include the development of five underground levels These plans include the development of five underground levels that will incorporate the towers ticket office, shopping th

41、at will incorporate the towers ticket office, shopping facilities, a cinema and museum and two floors of underground facilities, a cinema and museum and two floors of underground parking.parking.Although details have yet to be finalised, the principle is that Although details have yet to be finalise

42、d, the principle is that the five floors will be connected by two vertical passenger lifts the five floors will be connected by two vertical passenger lifts on either side of the tower. In addition, the floor immediately on either side of the tower. In addition, the floor immediately below the tower

43、, which is planned to house the ticket office, below the tower, which is planned to house the ticket office, will also consist of a large atrium with a glass ceiling so that will also consist of a large atrium with a glass ceiling so that visitors can look directly up at the tower itself.visitors ca

44、n look directly up at the tower itself.n(162 words)(162 words)nThe diagram below gives the information about the The diagram below gives the information about the Hawaiian island chain in the centre of the Pacific Hawaiian island chain in the centre of the Pacific Ocean.Ocean.nThe Hawaiian island ch

45、ain, in the centre of the Pacific Ocean, is The Hawaiian island chain, in the centre of the Pacific Ocean, is approximately 2,700 km in length. It is formed of volcanoes and approximately 2,700 km in length. It is formed of volcanoes and the active ones are at the south-east tip of the archipelago, the