民族学专业英语

1、 专业：2014民族学姓名：周菊芳学号：20130304045PPT目录v一Thus, this paper represents a contribution to v二 would help to developv三The term is fromv四The aim of this paper is mainly to show v五Concerning （sb）conceived a theory of v六（sb） conceived a central concept of v七I can summarize this in the following diagram:v八From

2、this insight into I can draw the following conclusions:v九In addition Thus, this paper represents a contribution to the universal history of anthropology.v本文重点论述的是全球人类学史。本文重点论述的是全球人类学史。 The knowledge of this history and that of previous and current problems specific to anthropology would help to deve

3、lop a real global anthropology. v对这些人类学和人类学作为学科诞生之前的对这些人类学和人类学作为学科诞生之前的历史，以及当前人类学中一些具体问题的论历史，以及当前人类学中一些具体问题的论述，将有助于发展一门真正的全球人类学。述，将有助于发展一门真正的全球人类学。 The term anthropology is from the Greek anthrpos (.), man (understood to mean mankind or humanity), and -logia ( - . ) , s t u d y .v“人类学人类学”一词是由希腊语一词是由

4、希腊语anthrpos “人人”（理解为人类）（理解为人类）和和-logia “学科学科”组成的。组成的。 The aim of this paper is mainly to show the relatively high scientific level in which anthropology emerged in the wider Middle East before it existed as a discipline and, therefore, to remove the label of colonialism often c o u p l e d t o i t s

5、 e m e r g e n ce . v本文的主要目的是表明广泛的中东地区本文的主要目的是表明广泛的中东地区是人类学的摇篮，因此，要摒弃经常被是人类学的摇篮，因此，要摒弃经常被加在广泛的中东地区是殖民主义的标签。加在广泛的中东地区是殖民主义的标签。Concerning the discipline of sociology, he conceived a theory of social conflict.v关于社会学的学科，他提出了关于社会学的学科，他提出了一种社会矛盾的理论。一种社会矛盾的理论。 He conceived a central concept of “asabiyyah”,

6、 which has been translated as social cohesion, group solidarity, or tribalism.v他提出的一个核心概念他提出的一个核心概念“asabiyyah”，已经被翻译为，已经被翻译为“社会团结社会团结”、“组团结组团结”或或“民族主义民族主义的核心概念。的核心概念。 I can summarize this in the following diagram: v我总结为以下关系图：我总结为以下关系图：From this insight into the emergence of anthropology in the wider

7、 Middle East and its known recent development as a discipline in the West, I can draw the following conclusions: v以上图表可以看出人类学在广泛中东地以上图表可以看出人类学在广泛中东地区的出现和人类学作为一门学科在西方区的出现和人类学作为一门学科在西方的最近发展，我可以得出以下结论：的最近发展，我可以得出以下结论：In addition he wrote detailed comparative studies on the anthropology of religions and

8、 cultures in the Middle East, Mediterranean and especially South Asia.v此外，他对宗教和文化，尤其是南亚、此外，他对宗教和文化，尤其是南亚、 中东中东及地中海的人类学写了详细的比较研究。及地中海的人类学写了详细的比较研究。 In addition to exhaustive descriptions and analyses of specificities and mode of life of Berber groups, he made a comparative study of different Arab and

9、 Berber genealogists existing well before him and draws his own analysis by concluding that the Berber ancestors came mainly from Syria, while only some tribes particularly Sanhadja and Ketama tribes, came rather from Yemen.v 除了详细描述和具体分析柏柏尔人群体生活模式以外，除了详细描述和具体分析柏柏尔人群体生活模式以外，他还对阿拉伯人和柏柏尔人作了在系谱学出现之前的他还对

10、阿拉伯人和柏柏尔人作了在系谱学出现之前的比较研究，并从他自己的分析中得出结论，柏柏尔人比较研究，并从他自己的分析中得出结论，柏柏尔人的祖先主要来自叙利亚，而只有一些特别的民族的祖先主要来自叙利亚，而只有一些特别的民族Sanhadja 和和 Ketama ，他们更可能来自也门。，他们更可能来自也门。 In addition Ibn Khaldun explained how this cohesion carries groups to power but contains within itself the seeds psychological, sociological, economic, political of the groups downfall, to be replaced by a new group, dynasty or empi