




版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
1、The Trial of Sheriff Joseph Shipp et al.: An Account1.THE FACT2.THE TRIAL AND APPEALS3.THE LYNCHING OF ED JOHNSON4.TRIAL IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATESTHE FACTThe Shipp trial has its roots in a rape that took place on a dark January evening in 1906 the St. Elmo district of Chattanooga. On
2、 January 23, 1906,Twenty-one-year old Nevada Taylor, on her way home from her bookkeeping job in downtown Chattanooga, is raped by a black man with a soft, kind voice shortly after 6:30 p.m. in St. Elmo Cemetery.Sheriff Joseph Shipp directs a search for the rapist, witnesses, and evidence. The searc
3、h turns up only a black leather strap used in the rape.January 24, 1906 Shipp offers a $50 reward to anyone providing information that leads to the arrest and conviction of the St. Elmo rapist. By the next day, the reward fund grows to $375.the St. Elmo district of Chattanooga 查塔努加圣埃尔莫区rapist 强奸犯Jan
4、uary 25, 1906 Will Hixon, a white man who worked near the rape scene, tells Shipp that he saw a black man twirling a leather strap around his finger shortly before the rape. Hixon later calls Shipp to report having seen the suspect walking toward town. Shipp eventually finds the suspect, Ed Johnson,
5、 riding on an ice truck and arrests him. Shipp questions Johnson for three hours, but Johnson claims to know nothing of the rape. Over 1,500 people gather in the courtyard in front of the jail where they assume Johnson is being held. Many in the crowd have guns or rope. The lynch mob storms the jail
6、. Tennessee Governor Cox orders the National Guard to protect the jail, but it is heavily damaged. Johnson, who had been moved to Nashville earlier in the day out of a concern that he might be lynched, is unharmed. Tennessee 田纳西州 Nashville 纳什维尔 jail 监狱THE TRIAL AND APPEALSFebruary 6, 1906 Johnson is
7、 returned under a heavily-armed guard to Chattanooga for the start of his trial. Nevada Taylor testifies, identifying Johnson as her attacker. Will Hixon tells the jury, This defendant here is the Negro I saw with a strap in his hand. Johnson testifies that he was at the Last Chance Saloon at the ti
8、me of the rape, a claim supported by a number of saloon patrons.February 7, 1906 The defense calls 17 additional witnesses, then rests.February 8, 1906 Taylor testifies for a second time. Asked by a juror whether she can state positively that this is the Negro, Taylor answers, I will not swear that
9、he is the man, but I believe he is the Negro who assaulted me. A juror yells, If I could get at him, Id tear his heart out right now. Closing arguments are delivered and the case goes to the jury.February 9, 1906 After seven hours of deliberation, the jury returns its verdict of Guilty. Judge McReyn
10、olds sentences Johnson to be hanged on March 13additional 额外assaulted 殴打 juror 陪审员deliberation 审议February 12, 1906 Johnsons attorneys tell Judge McReynolds they plan to appealOn March 3, 1906, the Tennessee Supreme Court, without a dissenting vote, turned down Johnsons request for a new trial. Writi
11、ng for the Court, Chief Justice W. D. Beard wrote, We have given the technical record a most scrutinizing inspection to see if serious errors were there to be discovered, but have been unable to find any. Sheriff Shipp ordered his deputies to began stretching the inch thick rope that would be used t
12、o hang Johnson on March 13.After a series of appeals ,Judge Clark announced that he would issue his decision later that evening. Shortly before 1:00 a.m., the judge returned to his courtroom. Judge Clark agreed that there might have been serious flaws in Johnsons trial, but he ruled that the Sixth A
13、mendments guarantee of a fair trial did not apply in state court trials. He rejected Johnsons equal protection claim as well. In a small victory for the defense, however, Clark postponed Johnsons hanging for ten days (later reduced, in a concession to angered state officials, to seven days) to allow
14、 time for his decision to be appealed to the United States Supreme Court.attorneys 律师deputies 人大代表stretching 拉伸concession 让步THE LYNCHING OF ED JOHNSONon March 19, 1906 About 8:00 p. m., a group of men carrying guns approach the jail where Ed Johnson is being held. The mob begins an attack on the jai
15、l. They batter their way through one door after another until they get into Johnsons cell. Johnson closes his eyes and recites the 23rd Psalm. At 11:20, the thugs finally get to Johnson, throw a rope over his neck and march him outside to the cheers of the mob. Johnson is paraded six blocks to the W
16、alnut Street Bridge. His last words before he is swung by rope over the Tennessee River are God bless you all. I am innocent.March 20, 1906 Blacks in Chattanooga protest the lynching of Ed Johnson by staying home from work. The mayor orders all saloons closed and 200 men are deputized. In Washington
17、, justices of the Supreme Court meet to discuss what might be done about the lynching. Justice Harlan says, the mandate of the Supreme Court has for the first time in the history of the country been openly defied by a community. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes tells reporters, In all likelihood, this
18、was a case of an innocent man improperly branded a guilty brute and condemned to die from the start. President Theodore Roosevelt also condemned the lynching, calling it contemptuous of the Court. paraded 游街示众 innocent 无辜brute 畜生condemned 谴责contemptuous 轻视TRIAL IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STA
19、TES A month later, Attorney General Moody met with Chief Justice Fuller and Justice Harlan. An hour of debate produced an historic agreement: the Chattanooga conspirators would be tried by the Court for criminal contempt. It would be the firstand, to date, the onlycriminal trial in the history of th
20、e United States Supreme Court. The Attorney General agreed to file charges with the clerk of the Supreme Court. The Justice Department, rather than the Court (as was at one time discussed), would lead the prosecution. On May 28, 1906, the Justice Department filed papers accusing twenty-seven Chattan
21、ooga residents of conspiring to lynch and murder Ed Johnson. Named in the papers were Sheriff Joseph Shipp and eight of his deputies.conspirators 阴谋家prosecution控告On November 15, 1909, Sheriff Shipp and the other convicted defendants stood before the nine justices of the Supreme Court to receive their sentences. Justice Fuller announced: You, Sheriff Joseph F. Shipp, Jeremiah Gibson, Luther Williams, Nick Nolan, Henry Padgett, and William Mayes, are before this court on an atta
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 盐城市2024-2025学年五年级下学期数学期末试题一(有答案)
- 2025福建省泉州凤栖实业有限责任公司社会招聘17人笔试备考试题附答案详解(完整版)
- 化学●福建卷丨2021年福建省普通高中学业水平选择性考试化学试卷及答案
- 《老年人能力评估师》三级模拟考试题含答案
- 乡镇卫生院财务管理
- 2025儿童腺样体肥大临床诊治管理专家共识
- AI大模型赋能智慧港口数字化解决方案
- 教学副校长第二学期工作总结
- 销售策划试题及答案
- 西医综合试题及答案
- 六年级集体备课活动记录(北京的春节)
- 浙教版人教版培智一年级上生活语文教案
- 苯甲苯二元系物精馏设计化工原理课程设计
- 完整三字经全文解释ppt课件-完整三字经全文解释
- 东南大学-实验五-Matlab-Simulink仿真实验报告
- 宝钢股份设备管理培训
- 锅炉房基本培训20120517课件
- 化工原理填料塔课程设计-清水吸收氨气的填料塔装置设计
- 关税系统岗位练兵业务知识测试题库(关税业务知识)(多项选择题)附答案
- 无人机校企合作协议
- cjj,129-2009,城快速路设计规范
评论
0/150
提交评论