必修5-unit1-grammar

1、The_ (fall) leaves are beautiful.They were _ (excite).fallenexcitedThe 29th Olympic Game _(hold ) in Beijing was successful.held定语表语定语V-ed (动词的过去分词动词的过去分词)，在句中可以作定语、，在句中可以作定语、表语表语。 单个单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面前面; ;过去分词过去分词短语短语作定语，常放在被修饰作定语，常放在被修饰词的词的后面后面。English is a widely used language.T

2、his is one of the schools built in 1980s.3. 过去分词过去分词作定语作定语位置位置b.作定语时可用定语从句代替 He is a respected leader. = He is a leader_. Young people brought up in the new society cant imagine the bitter life in the old days. = Yong people _cant imagine the bitter life in the old days. who is respected who were br

3、ought up in the new societyPractice：仿写仿写TThe book which is written by Han Han is popular with students.=The book written by Han Han is popular with students. The player loved by many people is Yao Ming.=The player who is loved by many people is Yao Ming.Complete the table with phrases that have the

4、same meaning.terrified peoplepeople who are terrifiedreserved seatsseats which are reservedpolluted waterwater that is polluteda crowded rooma room that is crowdeda pleased winnera winner who is pleasedastonished childrenchildren who look astonisheda broken vasea vase that is brokena closed doora do

5、or that is closeda trapped animalan animal that is trappedthe tired audiencethe audience who feel tiredComplete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.1. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices . A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying2. The firs

6、t text books _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century . A.Having written B. to be written C. being written D. written3. With everything she needed _, the lady went home happily . A bought B to be bought C buying D being bought 4. The Olympic Games , _in 776BC , did n

7、ot include women players until 1912. A first playing B to be first played C first played D to be first playing 5. The matter _at the next meeting is very important .A discussed B being discussed C to be discussed D be discussed 现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？1. Will you attend the meeting _ on Saturday?A. held

8、B. being heldC. to be held D. hold2. The woman _a lesson is our teacher.A. giving B. givenC. to give D. give还没发生的动作还没发生的动作正在发生的动作，表主动正在发生的动作，表主动 A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playingA解析 过去分词做定语：过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成表被动，表完成。现在分词作定语：现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行表主动，表进行。不定式作定语：表示不定式

9、作定语：表示将要发生将要发生的动作。的动作。The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成不及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成 fallen leaves 落叶落叶 returned students 归国留学生归国留学生 newly-arrived visitors 新到的客人新到的客人 及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动及动作的完成。及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动及动作的完成。(与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑

10、关系) the cold boiled water 冷开水冷开水 a developed country与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系过去分词的一般式过去分词的一般式(已经完成的已经完成的)The patient operated on will soon be allowed to go home.不定式的被动式不定式的被动式(即将发生的即将发生的)The patient to be operated on is Mr. Smith.-ing 的被动式的被动式(正在进行的正在进行的)being doneThe patient being operated on is Mr. Smith.T

11、he patient having been operated on is Mr. Smith.() The patient operated on is Mr. Smith.()位于位于系动词系动词后，不表示后，不表示“被动被动”或或“完完成成”，而是表示主语的，而是表示主语的状态、特点或思状态、特点或思想感情想感情等。相当于形容词等。相当于形容词1.They are excited.2.He looked worried after reading the letter.3.When we heard of this, we were deeply moved.二二. 过去分词过去分词作作

12、表语表语系动词的分类：系动词的分类：“似乎类似乎类”：“感觉类感觉类”： “变成类变成类”：“仍然类仍然类”：基本形式基本形式：Be( am, is, are)seem, appear, lookfeel, sound, smell, tastebecome, go, get, grow, fall, turnremain, stay, keep1.As we joined the big crowd , I got _ from my friends A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed2. Cleaning women in the big ci

13、ties get _ by the hour . A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 有的已成为固定搭配 ：be covered with be lost in thoughtbe caught in the rain be separated frombe interested inbe absorbed in 被覆盖陷入沉思被雨淋从分离对感兴趣专心致志于The library is closed. The library is closed by the teacher.V-ed作作表语表语表主语的状态，表主语的状态，被动语态被动语态表示被动的动表示被动的

14、动作。作。状态（系表结构）状态（系表结构）动作动作(被动语态）被动语态）区别区别 My glasses are broken.My glasses were broken by my little brother. 状态状态动作动作系表结构和被动结构系表结构和被动结构 过去分词作定语和表语的区别过去分词作定语和表语的区别: : 定语定语 放在放在名词和代词名词和代词的前面或后面的前面或后面 表示动作表示动作已经完成已经完成或或被动被动的的 表语表语 放在放在be 动词或系动词动词或系动词的后面的后面 说明主语的说明主语的状态状态SumSum upup 1.They were _ to hear

15、 the _ news.(delight)2. The teacher announced the _ news with an _voice.(excite)4.There was a _ (surprise) look on his face.5. The story was so_ (move) that he was _ (move) to tears.delighteddelightingexcitedexciting归纳归纳:与感觉相关的及物动词，其与感觉相关的及物动词，其过去分词过去分词含有被动含义，即含有被动含义，即“人被引起某种感觉人被引起某种感觉”，多用来形容，多用来形容人

16、、人的声音或者表人、人的声音或者表情情。而其。而其现在分词现在分词表示主动意义，即表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉令人有某种感觉”surprisedmovingmovedV-ing 与与V-ed 作表语的区别作表语的区别区别区别 C What he has done is really _. Now his parents are _ him. A. disappointed; disappointed at B. disappointing; disappointed about C. disappointing; disappointed with D. disappointed; dis

17、appointing by 1.As is known to us all, traveling is_, but we often feel_ when we are back from travels. A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring. C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired2. Hearing the_ news, we all felt_ A. encouraging; encouraging B. encouraged; encouraged C. encouraged; enco

18、uraging D. encouraging; encouraged3. From the dates_ on the gold coin, it is confirmed that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked练习一练习一: :单句改错单句改错1. They were all amusing at what he said.2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team

19、 had won.3. The situation was a bit discouraged.4. Two pages in this dictionary are missed.5. Your mother is quite worrying about your health.amusedexciteddiscouragingmissingworried2. The girl who is dressed in red is Kellys long-lost friend.= The girl _ is Kellys long-lost friend.练习二练习二: 句型转换句型转换1.

20、 A thief stole the goat that was tied to the tree.= A thief stole the goat _ to the tree.tieddressed in red3. The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.= The castle, _ _, was never rebuilt. burnt down in the sixteenth century4. Father beat the son who was lost in t

21、he online games. =Father beat the son _ in the online games. lost5. The project, which was designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only 2 years. = The project, _ _, was constructed in only 2 years. designed by the Chinese engineers6. He told us of the great wrong done to him.= He told us of the great wrong _ to him.which had been done