新标准大学英语3unit7AR2课件

1、Difficult sentencesWords to noteDifficult sentence 1 embed: v. to make sth. an important part of sth. else 使成为重要的部分使成为重要的部分, ,使融入使融入e.g. Traces of earlier ways of life are embedded in modern society. 早期生活方式的痕迹已融入到现代社会中。早期生活方式的痕迹已融入到现代社会中。genome: n. a complete set of genes of an organism 基因组基因组evolut

2、ionary: adj. connected with gradual process of change or development 发展的，演变的发展的，演变的音乐深深植根于人类的基因之中。在进化史中，它比人类的口头语言的音乐深深植根于人类的基因之中。在进化史中，它比人类的口头语言的起源要古老得多。起源要古老得多。AnalsTransMusicality is deeply embedded in the human genome, with far more ancient evolutionary roots than spoken language. (Para1)Difficul

3、t sentence 2AnalsTransMoreWith the help of functional MRI he had begun to identify which areas of the brain are recruited when we engage with music appear to be specialized for processing music. (Para 2) recruit: v. to get someone to help 找找帮忙帮忙 specialize: v. to concentrate on a particular activity

4、. 专门从事于专门从事于 e.g. a travel company specializing in European tours functional MRI: functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, a scanner which detects amounts and whereabouts of brain activity 功能磁共振成像那那时候他已经开始用功能磁共振成像来确定人在从事音乐活动时大脑时候他已经开始用功能磁共振成像来确定人在从事音乐活动时大脑中被中被 调动调动起来的区域。这些区域中有一些显然既在音乐活动也在其他活动中起起来的区域。这

5、些区域中有一些显然既在音乐活动也在其他活动中起作用作用, ,而另些，比如颞叶中颞上回的前部，似乎是专门用于处理音乐的而另些，比如颞叶中颞上回的前部，似乎是专门用于处理音乐的。Difficult sentence 2Planum polareDifficult sentence 3AnalsTranswell-being n. the satisfactory state that involves sth. happy, healthy and safe and having enough money. 幸福、安康、富裕幸福、安康、富裕 e.g. a sense of well-being 幸

6、福感幸福感bonding: n. the development of a special close relationship between people 亲密关系的形成亲密关系的形成 e.g. the bonding between mother and baby social bonding: 社会交往社会交往 唱歌是通过社会交往增加幸福感的一种方式。唱歌是通过社会交往增加幸福感的一种方式。Singing is a means for achieving well-being through social bonding. (Para 1)Difficult sentence 4此句中

7、有两个that所引导的宾语从句。第一个宾语从句包含了一个以not only 置于句首的倒装句，正常次序应为：there had been significant changese.g. Not only did they bring snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. 他们不仅带了快餐和饮料，还带了牌以供在树林中野炊时娱乐。他们不仅带了快餐和饮料，还带了牌以供在树林中野炊时娱乐。当拉里告诉我大脑活动不仅发生了明显改变，而且这种

8、变化完全符合当拉里告诉我大脑活动不仅发生了明显改变，而且这种变化完全符合他对大脑在音乐活动中所起作用的理解时，我很吃惊。他对大脑在音乐活动中所起作用的理解时，我很吃惊。AnalsTransI was surprised when Larry told me that not only had there been significant changes in my brain activity, but that these fitted with his understanding of how the brain supports musical performance. (Para 6)

9、Difficult sentence 5pitch: the quality of sound we speak of in terms of high and low 音高音高tone: n. the fixed vibration of the vocal cords producing a pleasing sound 音调音调dynamics: n. volume and style of a sound 力度力度mystify: v. make sb. unable to understand or explain 使无法理解，使困惑不解使无法理解，使困惑不解知道了唱歌是多么不容易知

10、道了唱歌是多么不容易要举重若轻地把音高、音色、音调、力要举重若轻地把音高、音色、音调、力度都掌握好度都掌握好我现在更加感到疑惑，人类为什么会进化出这样一种我现在更加感到疑惑，人类为什么会进化出这样一种神奇的能力？神奇的能力？AnalsTransBy understanding just how difficult it is to sing-to simultaneously and unconsciously manage pitch as to why humans have evolved such an amazing ability. (Para 7)Words to note Ph

11、rases 1. literally2. entitle3. evidently4. sustain5. substract6. frustrate7. venture1. turn off 2. blend intoNew Wordsliterally adv.Situational question and answer.S1: His original dream, however, modified by circumstances, had _. 他原来的梦想，无论受到环境如何地限制，总算真正实现了。 Use other words to replace “literally” in

12、 S1. adv. Used for showing what you are saying is really true 确实地，真正地确实地，真正地factually, exactly, virtuallyliterally been fulfilledliterallyUsages1. Used to describe sth. in an extreme way that cannot be true 简直简直照字面照字面意思地意思地2. In the most basic, obvious meanings of the words that are usedIdentify the

13、 meanings of “literally” in the following situations.2. Now there are literally more than 3000 companies using our software.3. Children take things literally when they hear them from a teacher. 1. He literally flew into the classroom.click简直简直click确实地确实地click照字面意思地照字面意思地entitle v.v. (often passive v

14、oice) to give a title to a book, poem, or piece of music 给给题名题名(often passive voice) to give sb. the right to do sth. 给给某种权利某种权利/ /资格资格值得表扬值得表扬被尊称为殿下被尊称为殿下年龄和经验使老年人年龄和经验使老年人赢得年轻人的尊重。赢得年轻人的尊重。你的资格使他们可以获你的资格使他们可以获得较高的薪水。得较高的薪水。Identify the context-dependent use of “entitle”.be entitled to praiseThe ag

15、e and experience entitle old people the respect from the young.Your qualifications entitle you to a higher salary.be entitled “Your Highness”evidently adv.adv. Used for saying that sth. is obviously 显然，显然， 明显明显 Discuss the following issue and proposal.Issue: Evidently there is a close connection bet

16、ween peoples perception of bad luck and interesting coincidence. (See para2, Active reading 1)You may begin your discussion with “ As far as I am concerned, the issue of bad luck”Moreevidently1. On a spectrum rather than something which is there or not there2. The duration and memorability of the fi

17、rst event3. Probability and independenceAgreeDisagreeMathematical elements Psychological elementssustain v.v. to provide conditions in which something can happen or exist 维持，保持维持，保持 Translate the following sentence into English. 持续的冷战状态不可能继续维持下去。持续的冷战状态不可能继续维持下去。 1. A permanent state of cold war was

18、 impossible to sustain.2. It is impossible to sustain a permanent state of cold war. Identify the functions of “sustain” in the above examples. 例例1 1 sustain沉降到句末，而a permanent state of cold war作为 主语突前,显示为句子的出发点。例例2 2 sustain为实际上的主语，显示为句子的出发点。MoresustainIdentify the context-dependent meaning of “expl

19、osion”.To sustain heavy lossessustainTo sustain life蒙受巨大损失蒙受巨大损失To sustain ones effort继续努力继续努力To sustain a decision维持生命维持生命支持某一个决定支持某一个决定subtract v.v. To take a number or amount from another number or amount 减去减去Translate the following sentences. 1. 九减去三等于六。九减去三等于六。 2. If you want to make it speed u

20、p or slow down you have to add or subtract just enough energy. clickIf you subtract 3 from 9 you will get 6. click如果你要使它加快或减慢就必须把能量增加或减少到恰如果你要使它加快或减慢就必须把能量增加或减少到恰到好处。到好处。frustrate v.v. to make sb. feel annoyed and impatient by preventing them from doing or getting sth. 阻挠、使烦恼、阻挠、使烦恼、使灰心使灰心Identify t

21、he context-dependent uses of “frustrate”.1. To frustrate the plans of ones enemy 2. Giving the child problems he cant solve will only frustrate him. 使沮丧使沮丧挫败挫败MoreSelf-test: Fill in the blanks of the appropriate words.(1) They made preparations to _ the conspiracy.(2) Giving the child problems he ca

22、nt solve will only _ him. (3) The nest time you find yourself in the middle of a very stressful time, or you feel angry or _, please stop. (4) Without patience, life is extremely _.(5) The _ we felt with the bureaucracy was based on solid reasons. a. frustrate v. 阻扰；使丧气阻扰；使丧气b. frustration n. 沮丧沮丧c.

23、 frustrating adj. 令人沮丧的令人沮丧的d. frustrated adj. 感觉沮丧的感觉沮丧的(a)(a)(d)(c)(b)venture n.n. A new business or activity 新的冒险事业、风险企业v. To go somewhere unpleasant, dangerous or exciting 冒险前进 MoreIdentify the meaning of “venture” and translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. The joint venture is integ

24、rated into the dominant parents management system. 合资企业的管理业务全部纳入母公司的管理系统。合资企业的管理业务全部纳入母公司的管理系统。 2. He is too timid to venture upon a new undertaking.他太胆小，不敢从事新的事业。他太胆小，不敢从事新的事业。n. n. 风险事业风险事业v. v. 冒险前进冒险前进SynonymsAdventure: 冒险，历冒险，历险，指刺激的、想象不到险，指刺激的、想象不到的历险。的历险。1. He is about to embark on a new business _.2. Most Americans prefer to read fast-moving _ stories we call “thrillers” ( (惊悚小说惊悚小说) )3. The temptation to _ into crime was too strong. 4. He is a man full of _. ( (冒险精神冒险精神) )ventureadventureventureadventureventure: 冒险，常用于商业冒险，常用于商业冒险，虽然未必预测到每一步，冒险，虽然未必预测到每一步，但经过深思熟虑后的冒险行为。但经过