高考英语虚拟语气总结优秀

1、Edited, designed, and polished by He Jincheng from Lianlv Middle School.Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气高考语法专题总结IntroductionIf 虚拟条件句虚拟语气特殊句型虚拟语气高考考点及要点归纳Contentswww.ppthi-虚拟语气高考专题专练1. 英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2. 定义：用来表示所说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。3. 虚拟语气的特点1. 虚拟语气用以表示假定，想象，愿望等非事实的观念。2. 虚拟条件从句中的条

2、件是假设的，因此主句的结论也只能是想象的，非事实的。3. 这些特点决定了它必须使用不同于真实句的动词形式。Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。 非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier.The volleyball match will be put off if it rains.真实条件句 虚拟条件句 动词形式If 从句主 句should +v.w

3、ere to +v.动词的过去式(be 用were)would /should/could/might +v. 原形过去式(be的过去式用were)would / should/could/might +v. 原形had+过去分词would /should/could/might+ have + 过去分词与将来事实相反与现在事实相反与过去事实相反虚拟条件句分为三类：与现在事实相反的情况；与过去事实相反的情况；与将来事实相反的情况。构成方式如下：Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing wi

4、th you.A. have hadB. had had C. have D. had【解析】答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:抱歉,我现在太忙了。要是有时间的话我一定会和你一起出去逛逛。本题考查if引导的虚拟条件句对现在事实的虚拟。故if条件句中用一般过去时。D项为一般过去时,符合题意。A项为现在完成时;B项为过去完成时;C项为一般现在时。 【2012湖南卷T29】虚拟语气高考真题再现If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D

5、. have taken【解析】答案为B。句意：“如果我们走另外一条路，我们就有可能及时赶到这儿参加会议。”由句意可知，实际上我们没有走另外一条路，所以没能及时赶到这儿参加会议。本题是对过去动作的虚拟。对过去动作虚拟时，主句用了might + have +过去分词，从句用过去完成时had + 过去分词。 【2010陕西卷T15】虚拟语气高考真题再现If he _my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should followC. had followed D. would follow【解析】答案为C。本题考查虚拟语气的用

6、法。句意：如果他当初听了我的建议，他就不会失去工作了。由句意可知从句是对过去动作的虚拟，对过去动作虚拟时，从句应用过去完成时，故选C。 【2010湖南卷T29】虚拟语气高考真题再现This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A. would B. should C. could D. might【解析】答案为 B。考查虚拟语气的用法，表示将来不大可能发生的情况。句意为：这个打印机的质量很好, 如果在一年内出现故障, 我们将

7、免费维修。2009 天津卷虚拟语气高考真题再现Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she _ there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A. lives B. would live C. has live D. were to live【解析】答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:格雷丝不想搬到纽约去,因为她认为如果住在那里就不能经常见到父母了。主句说明了客观事实,if从句是对将来事实的假设,故在条件状语从句中用were to live。 【20

8、12安徽卷T31】虚拟语气高考真题再现二. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用1. wish 后接的宾语从句表示动作所发生的时间谓语动词的虚拟形式动作发生在主句动作之前 had +过去分词动作与主句动作同时发生 did (be 动词用were)动作发生在主句动作之后 would/could/might+动词原形1. I wish every day were my birthday.2. I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.3. He wishes he could become a scientist some day. Where are the children

9、? The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish they _ always late.A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been【解析】 答案为A。考查虚拟语气。句意为：孩子们在那里？晚饭都快要糟蹋了。但愿他们别老是迟到。表示与现在试试相反的虚拟语气要用过去时，故选A。 【2012北京卷T28】虚拟语气高考真题再现2. would rather that a. I would rather you paid me now.b. I would rather you

10、had seen the film yesterday.c. Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.would rather, had rather, would sooner等之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气。在不同情况下，其虚拟语气的结构为： 表示现在或将来的愿望：did 表示过去的愿望：had doneGeorge is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its culture. A. fo

11、cus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused【解析】 答案为B。考查虚拟语气。句意：George 打算讨论他的国家的地理情况，但我宁愿他更多地关注文化。would rather 后应用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反的情况，用动词的过去式。故选B。 【2010江苏卷】虚拟语气高考真题再现在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中，谓语动词“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略。 【助记】口诀记忆虚拟动词一坚持 (insist)二命令 (order，command)三建议 (suggest, propose, advise)四要求 (requ

12、ire，request，demand, ask)3. 表示要求,命令,建议等动词后的宾语从句。My mom suggests that we _ eat out for a change this weekend. A. should B. might C. could D. would【解析】 答案为A。考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为suggest，表示建议，其后所接的名词性从句应用“（should+）动词原形”的虚拟语气，故选A。 【2013陕西卷T12】虚拟语气高考真题再现Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the

13、age of six months old.A. was B. be C. were D. is【解析】 答案为B。考查虚拟语气。句意:眼科医生建议,孩子的第一次眼睛检查应该在6个月大时进行。recommend建议,其宾语从句中用should do表虚拟语气,且should可以省略。故选B。 【2013浙江卷T08】虚拟语气高考真题再现注意 : 如 suggest, insist 表示“建议” 或“坚持要求”时，后接宾语从句使用虚拟语气；若它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时, 宾语从句用陈述语气。1. The guard at gate insisted that everybody

14、 _ (obey) the rules.2. He insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospital at once.3. He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once.4. His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas表示请求、要求、命令、建议等的名词advice, desire, decision, idea, instruction, order, plan, propo

15、sal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish等充当句子的主语而后面接表语从句或它们后面接同位语从句时要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should+)动词原形。Its suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down. 三. 虚拟语气在表语

16、从句和同位语从句中的应用1. Its +adj./n. + that 从句在该结构中，若形容词为 necessary / strange / natural / essential / important /a pity / a shame / no wonder 等时，that引导的从句要用虚拟语气, 即(should)+动词原形。It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that he should speak to his father like that. Its necessa

17、ry that we should study hard.It is a pity that we should not meet last night 四. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用Dont you think it is necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York?I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to.A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send;

18、 what【解析】 答案为B。考查虚拟语气与名词性从句。 Its necessary that 结构要求后接的 that 从句使用虚拟语气, 即(should)+动词原形; 根据答语判断，应是由that引导的表语从句， 故选B。 not be sent 相当于should not be sent。 【2005江苏卷】虚拟语气高考真题再现2. It is suggested+ that 从句在“It is ordered (suggested, requested, required, proposed等) +that 从句”句型中，从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。

19、 It is suggested that he (should) not spend too much time playing games. 建议他不要花太多时间玩游戏。1. as if /though + 方式状语从句 She loves the baby as if it were her own son. They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. He coughed twice as if someone should come. 五. 虚拟语气在状语从句中的应用表示动作所发生的时间谓语动

20、词的虚拟形式动作发生在主句动作之前 had +过去分词动作与主句动作同时发生 did (be 动词用were)动作发生在主句动作之后 would/could/should/might+ 动词原形Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel. A. is B. were C. has been D. had been【解析】 答案为B。考查虚拟语气。句意为:不要把那个花瓶当作是钢铁做的那样处理。as if引导的是状语从句,从句中用虚拟语气;与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,应用一般过去时。在虚拟语气中,常用were代替was。 【2010北京卷T35】虚拟语

21、气高考真题再现Jack wasnt saying anything but the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever. A. as if B. in case C. while D. though 【解析】选A。考查状语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：杰克没说一句话，但老师却对着他微笑，好像（as if）他做了什么聪明事似的。 【2011湖南卷T33】虚拟语气高考真题再现Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday.A. was happening B.

22、happensC. has happened D. （had）happened【解析】 答案为D。考查虚拟语气。as if仿佛, 好像, 其后的从句可出现虚拟语气。句意为：Eliza清楚地记得每一件事, 仿佛它是昨天发生的！ 【2006全国I卷】虚拟语气高考真题再现【名师点津】如果as if/as though后的从句有明显的迹象表示可能发生时，不用虚拟语气。 It is so cloudy. It looks as if it is going to rain. 天阴得厉害，似乎要下雨了。2. so that / in order that + 目的状语从句 在 in case, lest,

23、 for fear that, in order that, so that 等引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词用“could/might/would/should+动词原形”, 表示虚拟。She called him lest he should go out.They left early for fear that they would meet him.They removed the prisoner in order that he would not disturb the proceedings any further.The police officers in our cit

24、y work hard _ the rest of us can live a safe life. A. in caseB. as if C. in order that D. only if【解析】 选C。考查状语从句和连词。句意为：为了我们能过上安全的生活，我们城市的警察工作很努力。in case以免，（以防）万一；as if好像；in order that为了；only if只有，由句意可知选C。 【2011上海卷T33】虚拟语气高考真题再现我们该去睡觉了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 1

25、. Its (about/high) time +that 六. 虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用英语中，表示“早该做某事了”时，后接的 that 引导的定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：It is (high/about) time (that)+主语+ 动词的过去式/should + 动词原形。Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he _ something instead of just talking.A. will do B. has doneC. do D. did【解析】 答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:杰克很健谈。

26、他早就应该行动起来而不是夸夸其谈。Its high time 后面跟的that从句要用虚拟语气,结构有两种:一种是动词过去式,另一种是should+动词原形。故选D。 【2012辽宁卷T33】虚拟语气高考真题再现含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： 七. 含蓄的虚拟语气1. 由Without, but for 等介词短语构成含蓄的虚拟语气。 Without air, no one could live. (=If there were no air, no one c

27、ould live. ) But for your help, I would have failed. (=If it hadnt been for his help, I would have failed. ) But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.I _ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldnt have gone B. didnt goC. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone【解析】 答案为A。考查虚

28、拟语气。句意：如果没有你的热心帮助，我肯定无法度过那段艰难的日子。根据句意可知，此句为对过去事情的假设，主句应该为“情态动词+ have done”结构，故A项正确。 【2011陕西卷T22】We _ Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.Awill put Bwill have putCwould put Dwould have put【解析】 答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意为：要不是因为他最近受伤，我们本应该把john的名字放进昨天的比赛名单中了。这是一个含蓄性虚拟语气，可以写成if引导的一个主从句。W

29、ould have done表本应该做而没有做。 【2011江西卷T28】But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won【解析】 答案为B。考查虚拟语气。此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反, 句子谓语动词用would/should/could/might + have done结构, 故选B。 【2009福建卷】2. 含

30、有 but，or (else), otherwise 的含蓄的虚拟语气。这是一种事实和虚拟假设相混合的虚拟条件句。or, otherwise 或but前后并列的其中一个分句往往表示一种含蓄的虚拟语气，表示本可以做某事，但实际上并没有；而另一分句则往往陈述的是实际情况或客观事实，用陈述语气。 I didnt know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldnt have believed him. (or else=if I had known he was a cheat) Im really very busy, otherwise I would cert

31、ainly go there with you. (otherwise=if I were not so busy)They _ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise theyd never have been able to afford to go.A. had got B. got C. have got D. get【解析】 答案为B。考查虚拟语气。“otherwise theyd never have been able.”这一句用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气；而 “他们弄到了两张去加拿大的免费票”却是事实, 故用一般过去时。 【2007山东卷】W

32、e lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday.A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited【解析】 答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:我们在那个小村庄里迷路了,否则昨天我们会参观更多的名胜。此题考查对过去某种情况否定的假设。因为昨天迷路,所以昨天没有参观更多地方。故谓语动词用would have done。 【2012福建卷T31】Bob would have helped us yeste

33、rday, but he _ .A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy D. will be busy【解析】答案为A。句意：昨天，鲍勃本来可以帮助我们，但他当时太忙了。这是一个事实和虚拟假设的混合句。but前的句子，从 would have helped 可知这是虚拟语气，表示过去本来可以帮助我们，但实际上没有。but 之后说明当时不能“帮助我们”的原因，是过去的客观事实，故应用一般过去时。 【2010安徽卷T26】Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I _ it, but I was bu

34、sy preparing for a job interview.A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended【解析】答案为D。该题考查虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句。本题是借助于but且根据句意表达虚拟语气，不是借助于if。句意为：很遗憾你错过了关于核污染的演讲。如果我不是忙于准备一份工作面试我就已经去了。答语相当于I would have attended it, if I hadnt been busy preparing for a job interview. 【2011福建卷T34】They _ hav

35、e arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.Awill Bcan Cmust Dshould【解析】答案为D。考查情态动词表示推测。句意：他们本应该在午饭时到达的，但他们的航班被延误了。can表示对过去的事情推测时，常用于否定句或疑问句中；must have done一定做过某事；should have done本应该做某事，事实上没做；will have done是将来完成时，不表示推测。 【2011全国卷1T32】I _ to my cousins birthday party last night, but I was not

36、available. A. went B. had gone C. would go D. would have gone【解析】答案为D。考查虚拟语气。根据句意：昨晚我本想要去参加我表亲的生日聚会，但我没空。根据句中last night及but可知本题表示的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。选项中能表示对过去虚拟的只有D项，用情态动词过去式后加have done表示。 【2013安徽卷T28】We _ the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?A. should face B. might face C. could have faced

37、 D. must have faced【解析】答案为C。考查虚拟语气。句意为:我们本来可以一起面对困难的,但是你为什么不告诉我呢?由第二个分句可知,实际情况是“你”没告诉“我”此事,“我们”没能共同面对困难,所以此处是对过去客观事实的虚拟,应用情态动词could have done;而must have done是对过去的推测。 【2012北京卷T33】I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come【解析】答案

38、为D。考查虚拟语气，句意为：我就会早点来了，只是我不知道他们在等我。题干中but I didnt know.用了过去式，表示过去的事实，主句应表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，相当于If I had known that they were waiting for me, I would have come sooner. 【2011天津卷T15】I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I _ have driven her there.A. could B. mustC. might D. should【解析】答案为D。考查

39、情态动词与虚拟语气，could have done（过去）可能做过；本能够做；must have done（过去）肯定做过；might have done（过去）可能做过；should have done本应该做（而事实上没做）。由句意 “我告诉你朋友该怎么去旅馆, 但或许我应该开车送她去那儿。”可知应选D项。 【2007陕西卷】He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he _ it differently.A. could express B. would expressC. could have expressed D. mus

40、t have expressed【解析】 答案为C。考查虚拟语气。 could have expressed it differently.他要是用另一种方式来说该多好呀。 【2009江苏卷】He paid for a seat, however, he _ have entered free.A. couldB. would C. mustD. need【解析】 答案为A。考查虚拟语气。paid暗示时间上指的是过去, could have done用于肯定句中表示本可以做而未做的事情；肯定句中不用need have done; must have done与语境不吻合。据题干可看出此处句意为

41、 “他本来可以免费入场”, 因此应用could have done。 【2005山东卷】3. 通过上下文及内在含义构成的含蓄的虚拟语气。这种题型所考察的虚拟语气往往隐含在上下文中或通过短语表示。此时，要通过揣摩上下文语境,对文中潜在的信息加以分析判断。根据语境及具体意义采用虚拟形式。I _ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt【解析】答案为A。句意为：我本来不应该看那部电影的它会使我做噩梦的。从后半句部分“看那部电影会给带来噩梦”可知，前部

42、分语境应是后悔看了这部电影，shouldnt have done意为“过去不应该做但实际上做某事”。neednt have done 表示“过去没有必要做而实际上做了某事”；couldnt have done 过去不可能做某过某事；must表示推测不可用于否定形式，故D项不存在。 【2010山东卷T25】What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ better.A. need have done B. must have doneC. can have done D. might have done【解析】答案为D。本题考

43、查情态动词与虚拟语气的用法。句意为：太遗憾了！鉴于他的能力和经验, 他本可能做得更好。need have done本来有必要做（而没做）；must have done是对过去发生的事情的肯定的推测, 表示 “过去一定做了”；can have done是对过去发生的事情的不肯定的推测；might have done表示 “本来可以”。 【2008江西卷】Im sorry. I _ at you the other day.Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shouldnt shoutB. shouldnt have shoutedC.

44、 mustnt shoutD. mustnt have shouted【解析】答案为B。本题考查情态动词的用法。句意为：“对不起, 几天前我本不应该朝你大喊大叫的。” “不要放在心上。我自己有点情绪失控。”shouldnt have done sth.本不应该做某事(但已经做了)。 【2008江苏卷】1. 由 If only 引导的感叹句中, “要是就好了”a. If only I knew his name! = How I wish I knew his name!b. If only we had followed your advice!c. If only I could see h

45、im again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train! 八. 其他类型的虚拟语气2. 含有If it were not for 或 If it had not been for 的虚拟条件句。If it were not for the rain , the crops would die.要不是你的帮助，我们就不可能提前完成任务。If it had not been for your help , we couldnt ha

46、ve finished the work ahead of time.If it were not for the fact that she _ sing, I would invite her to the party.A. couldntB. shouldntC. cantD. might not【解析】 答案为C。考查情态动词与虚拟语气。题中that引导同位语从句。 “she cant sing”是一个事实, 是指在能力、技能等方面不能、不会。 【2006福建卷】虚拟语气高考真题再现May sb. do ! Adv. +verb+ subject!a. Heaven help him!

47、b. God bless you!c. May you succeed!d. Long live the Peoples Republic of China!3. 表示祝愿、诅咒、禁止等的某些简单句的固定句型。4. I was wondering if you could过去进行时表示一种婉转语气，可以使询问、请求、建议显得很有礼貌。此时，过去进行时比现在进行时和一般过去时显得更客气。这种用法仅限于 wonder, want, hope, think 等词。1. I was wondering if you could me.2. I was hoping you would give me

48、some money.3. We were wondering if you were free this evening.4. I was thinking it might a good idea to keep the window open.Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor?Of course. What is it?I _ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. A. had wondered B. was wondering C. would wonder D. did wonde

49、r【解析】 答案为B。 【2002北京卷T23】虚拟语气高考真题再现 I was wondering if we could go skating on the weekend. _ good. A. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds【解析】 答案为D。 【2006湖北卷T29】虚拟语气高考真题再现九. 虚拟语气高考考点及要点归纳1. 错综时间/混合虚拟语气错综时间/混合虚拟语气，即主从句所表示的动作发生的时间不一致。在这种情况下，主从句往往有各自的时间状语。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照各自假设的时间而定。(“各归各” 的原则）He would pas

50、s the test if he had taken my advice If he had spoken to me yesterday, I should know what to do now. If I were you , I would not have broken the glass. 英语中，还有一种事实和虚拟假设相混合的虚拟条件句。在这种情况下，只在条件句或主句中使用虚拟语气，而另一分句则用陈述语气。I would have bought it yesterday, but I had no money. 本来昨天我是要买的，但当时我没有钱。I was ill that d

51、ay, otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meeting. 那天我生病了，否则我就会参加运动会了。If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he _ able to speak it much better now.A.will be B. would be C. has been D. would have been【解析】 答案为B。考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他以前多花时间练习说英语的话,他现在就能说得好多了。这是一个if引导的错综时间的虚拟语气。从

52、句时间为before，故是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态;而主句的时间为now，故是对现在的虚拟，因而主句谓语动词应该用would/could/should/might +do的形式,故选B。 【2013天津卷T14】虚拟语气高考真题再现Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying【解析】 答案为C。考查虚拟语气。句意为：或许要是那时我学的是理科而不是文学，我就

53、能给你更大的帮助。根据从句时间状语then,可知if条件句表示与过去事实相反，要用过去完成时（had done），故选C。 【2011北京卷T30】虚拟语气高考真题再现The weather has been very hot and dry.Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _ . A. wouldnt die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died【解析】 答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意：“天气又干又

54、热。”“是啊。哪怕下一滴雨，事情比现在都要好得多！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。”由句意及题干中的If it had rained even a drop可知事实上第二个人的菜已经死了，题中是对过去的虚拟，所以主句用would +have +过去分词，因此选D。 【2010北京卷T34】虚拟语气高考真题再现If we _ a table earlier, we wouldnt be standing here in a queue.A. have booked B. bookedC. book D. had booked【解析】 答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我们早些预订餐桌,现在就不会站在这里排

55、队了。此题为混合虚拟条件句,主句是与现在事实相反,从句与过去事实相反,故从句使用过去完成时。 【2013北京卷T34】虚拟语气高考真题再现He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A. shouldB. mustC. wouldntD. cant【解析】 答案为B。考查情态动词表猜测的用法。由句意 “他一定是已经完成工作了；否则, 他就不会在海边玩得那么高兴。”可知是对过去发生事情的肯定推测。 【2005北京卷】虚拟语气高考真题再现2. if虚拟条件句中的倒装如果

56、if引导的虚拟条件句的谓语部分含有were，had和should时，可省略if，把were，had和should放到从句主语前面去。如果虚拟条件句是否定句，not保留在原处。 Had you not helped me, I should have failed. Were you in my position, you would do the same. Should they attack us, well wipe them out completely. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time an

57、d energy _ . A. would have been saved B. had been savedC. will be saved D. was saved【解析】 答案为A。考查虚拟语气。句意：“如果我知道这个电脑程序的话，就会节省大量的时间和精力了。”本句是对过去动作的虚拟，从句省略了if把had放到了句首，对过去动作进行虚拟时，主句谓语动词形式用“would have done”。 【2010浙江卷T10】虚拟语气高考真题再现Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts.A. may have B. c

58、ould have C. must have had D. might have had【解析】 答案为D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:如果他们知道接下来的事,他们或许(经过考虑后)会改变想法。本句是条件句的虚拟语气,省略了if。根据Had可知此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句应用would/could/might+have+done。故选D。 【2012浙江卷T19】虚拟语气高考真题再现_ fired, your health care and other benefits will (would) not be immediately cut off.A. Would you be B. Sh

59、ould you beC. Could you be D. Might you be【解析】 答案为B。考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果你被炒了, 你的医疗保险和其他利益并不会立即取消。与将来事实相反的假设, 从句用答案B项。 【2006湖北卷 T31】虚拟语气高考真题再现这种题型往往省略if虚拟条件句或主句的一部分，有时省略整个从句，用so来代替, 做题时要根据上下文语境，首先还原省略部分，完整句子， 在理解的基础上进一步判断主从句中的虚拟语气。3. if虚拟条件句中的省略 Do you think George has passed the driving test? No. If so, he

60、 _ his car to our college yesterday.A. would drive B. drove C. would have driven D. had driven【解析】答案为C。考查虚拟语气。句意:你认为乔治已经通过驾照考试了吗?没有。如果这样的话（乔治已经通过驾照考试），他昨天就驾车来我们大学了。由yesterday可知本句是与过去事实相反的假设,所填处是主句的谓语动词,故用would have done的形式,因此选C。If so= If he had passed the driving test。 【2013福建卷T30】 It rained cats an