book4unit2词汇

1、1_ vt. & vi.斗争；拼搏；努力斗争；拼搏；努力2_ vt. & vi. 使变大；伸展使变大；伸展3 vt.& vi. 循环；流传循环；流传4 n. 自由；自主自由；自主 5_ adv. 因此；所以；因而因此；所以；因而6_ n. 工作；职业；占领工作；职业；占领7_ vt. 遗憾；惋惜遗憾；惋惜 n. 遗憾；懊悔遗憾；懊悔struggleexpandthereforeoccupationregretcirculatefreedom8 n. 焦点；中心点焦点；中心点 vt. 集中；聚焦集中；聚焦9 n. 评论；议论评论；议论 vi.& vt. 表达意见；作出评论表达意见；作出评论10

2、n饥饿；欲望饥饿；欲望vt.& vi.(使使)饥饿饥饿 adj.饥饿饥饿 的；渴望得到的的；渴望得到的11 vt.& vi.输出；出口输出；出口 (反义词反义词)vt.& vi.输输 入；进口入；进口12 n发现；发觉发现；发觉 vt.发现；发觉发现；发觉13 n总结；摘要；概要总结；摘要；概要 vt.总结总结14 vt.& vi.配备；装备配备；装备 n设备设备(不可数不可数)15 vt.使迷惑；使为难使迷惑；使为难 adj.令人迷惑的令人迷惑的 adj.感到迷惑的感到迷惑的 n迷惑迷惑focuscommenthungerexportimportdiscoverydiscoversummar

3、yhungrysummarizeequipequipmentconfuseconfusingconfusedconfusion.重点短语必背重点短语必背*1_幸亏；由于；因为幸亏；由于；因为*2_ 摆脱；除去摆脱；除去3_ 对对感到满意感到满意4_ 宁愿；宁可宁愿；宁可*5_ 逐渐增强；建立；开发逐渐增强；建立；开发*6_ 导致；造成导致；造成(后果后果)*7_ 集中集中(注意力、精力等注意力、精力等)于于thanks torid .ofbe satisfied with .would ratherbuild uplead tofocus on8_ 盛产盛产9_ 使使免受免受(影响；伤害等影响

4、；伤害等)； 使使不含不含(有害物有害物)*10_ 选择选择而不选择而不选择； 与与相比更喜欢相比更喜欢be rich inkeep .free from/ofprefer .to .struggle vi.& n斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎 1）She struggled to keep back the tears. 2）They had to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties. 3）We should help those who are still struggling for independence. 4

5、）It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time.常用结构：常用结构：struggle to do sth. (=make great efforts to do sth.)struggle for struggle against/withstruggle to ones feet struggle vi.& n斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎 为为而斗争而斗争 与与 作斗争作斗争 努力做某事努力做某事 struggle to ones feet with a struggle struggle forstruggle aga

6、inststruggle to do sth.挣扎着站起来挣扎着站起来费劲地费劲地struggle with与与.作斗争，与作斗争，与并肩作战并肩作战Shes struggling to bring up a family on a very low income.她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。We have to all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.我们必须和来自国内外的各种各样的困难作斗争。我们必须和来自国内外的各种各样的困难作斗争。There are ever more people

7、on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival.世界上有越来越多的人合理、正当地想过上更好的生活，而不仅仅世界上有越来越多的人合理、正当地想过上更好的生活，而不仅仅是为了生存而奋斗。是为了生存而奋斗。She and continued walking.她挣扎着站起来，继续走。她挣扎着站起来，继续走。Despite his terrible injuries, he wouldnt give up the str

8、uggle for life.他尽管身负重伤，但仍然不会放弃求生的努力。他尽管身负重伤，但仍然不会放弃求生的努力。The working people have never stopped their struggle_ unfair treatment. struggle againststruggled to her feetagainstexpand vi. & vt. 使变大，伸展使变大，伸展Water expands as it freezes.The population of the town expanded rapidly in the 1960s.The eagle exp

9、anded its wings.He is thinking of expanding his business. In ten years the citys population expanded by 12%. Metals expand when whey are heated.His studio (was) expanded into a big company.Could you expand on this point, please?o.将将扩展扩展/发展成发展成expand into 扩展扩展/发展成发展成expand on 阐述；详谈阐述；详谈你怎么不

10、把你的故事扩展成小说呢？你怎么不把你的故事扩展成小说呢？ Why not try to expand you story into a novel.你提到需要一笔额外资金。你详细谈谈好吗？你提到需要一笔额外资金。你详细谈谈好吗？You mentioned the need for extra funding. Would you _ _ that?expand onhunger n 饥饿，欲望饥饿，欲望vi. & vt（使）（使）饥饿，渴望饥饿，渴望Thousands of people die of/from hunger every day.The children have a stro

11、ng hunger for knowledge.She hungered for his love.The enemy tried to hunger us into giving in.If there would be no rain next 3 months, lots of people may go hungry.thanks to 由于，多亏由于，多亏Thanks to Dr Smith, I can walk around again.Justien kicked the ball into his own goal. It was thanks to his stupidit

12、y that we won the game.Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多亏你的帮助，我们提前完成了任务。多亏你的帮助，我们提前完成了任务。Thanks to your help, we finished the task ahead of time.多亏你的建议，减少了许多麻烦。多亏你的建议，减少了许多麻烦。Thanks to your advice, much trouble was saved.表示表示“因为，由于因为，由于”的短语还有的短语还有 because of，owing to，on acco

13、unt of，due to，as a result of。It was your timely help that we accomplished the task on time. A. Because B. thank C. thanks to D. as rid .of 使使.摆脱摆脱/除去除去 (过去式过去式rid, 过去分词过去分词rid)rid oneself of debt 还清债务还清债务be/get rid of 摆脱；除掉；去掉摆脱；除掉；去掉1）You should rid yourself of that bad habit. =You must be/get rid

14、of that bad habit.= you must break away from that bad habit. 2）It wont be long before we can be/get rid of the pest altogether.不用太久，我们就能把这种害虫消除干净。不用太久，我们就能把这种害虫消除干净。 be satisfied with = =be pleased with=be content with 1）你对现状满意吗？ Are you satisfied with the present situation?2)我们对通过这场考试感到很满意。We are s

15、atisfied to pass the exam.3)他们尽最大的努力来满足人们的需要。They are trying their best to satisfy the peoples needs.你的回答不令人满意，所以大家一点也不满意。4) Your answer is not_, so we are not_ at all. 满足某人的需要： satisfy/meet ones needs/demands令人满意的是： to ones satisfaction.satisfactory adj 令人满意的令人满意的far from satisfactory 远非令人满意His wor

16、k was far from satisfactory. satisfyingsatisfiedequip vt.& vi.装备；配备装备；配备 They equipped themselves for the expedition. Our classroom is equipped with a computer and a tape recorder.Equipped with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.因为掌握了科学的农耕新方法，现在

17、，他们可以使用更少的农田因为掌握了科学的农耕新方法，现在，他们可以使用更少的农田进行耕种。进行耕种。His work experience equipped him all kinds of people.他的工作经验使他能与各种各样的人打交道。他的工作经验使他能与各种各样的人打交道。Your education will your future life.你你(所受所受)的教育将使你能适应今后的生活。的教育将使你能适应今后的生活。to deal withequip you forequip vt.& vi.装备；配备装备；配备 (1)equip .with . 用用装备装备be equipp

18、ed with 装备着装备着equip sb. for sth./to do sth. 使某人为（做）某事而准备使某人为（做）某事而准备be well/poorly equipped 设备精良的设备精良的/较差的较差的(2)equipment n. 装备；设备装备；设备(不可数名词不可数名词)a piece of equipment 一件设备一件设备office equipment 办公设备办公设备All classes of this school are with modern . A. equipped; equipment B. equipped; equipmentsC. equip

19、ping; equipments D. equipping; equipment我们应该用先进的科技武装自己我们应该用先进的科技武装自己 we should equip ourselves with advanced technology. would rather 宁愿，宁可宁愿，宁可1). He would rather stay at home watching TV (than go to a movie). 2).Id rather not go there. 3). Id rather you didnt. 4). Id rather you came tomorrow than

20、today. 5) Id rather you hadnt told me the truth.6).Id rather have made a telephone call to him yesterday. would rather do.than do.would rather从句从句would rather have done Id rather the basketball match last night. Otherwise, I would have finished my paperwork by now. A.not have watched B. not watch C.

21、 hadnt watch D. havent watchwould rather 宁愿；宁可宁愿；宁可 What about going camping again this weekend? Id rather not. Id rather stay at home and read my novel. 我不愿去，我宁愿在家里读小说。我不愿去，我宁愿在家里读小说。He would rather die than give in to the enemy. 他宁死也不愿向敌人投降。他宁死也不愿向敌人投降。Id rather you me the truth yesterday.我宁愿你昨天没把

22、事实告诉我。我宁愿你昨天没把事实告诉我。hadnt told链接高考链接高考(2010江苏高考江苏高考)George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its culture.Afocus BfocusedCwould focus Dhad focused解析：考查虚拟语气。解析：考查虚拟语气。would rather后的从句中谓语动词后的从句中谓语动词用过去式表示对现在或将来事实的虚拟。用过去式表示对现在或将来事实的虚拟。答案：答案：Bregret vt.& vi.

23、后悔；遗憾后悔；遗憾n. 遗憾；懊悔遗憾；懊悔1) Tom regretted telling his parents the thing. 2) I regretted to tell you that you hadnt passed the driving test. 3) He told me with regret that he couldnt come to the party. regret doing= regret having done regret to doregret to say/tell/inform much to ones regret with regre

24、t regret doing= regret having done 后悔做了某事后悔做了某事regret to do遗憾将要做某事遗憾将要做某事regret to say/tell/inform 遗憾地说遗憾地说/告诉告诉/通知通知much to ones regret 深感遗憾深感遗憾with regret 遗憾地遗憾地They failed to pass the exam last time. I regretted _-_them. A. to be not able to help B. not being able to help C. being not able to hel

25、p D. not be able to help _(我非常抱歉我非常抱歉), I am unable to accept your invitation.He gave up teaching in 1998, much to his students regret.I now regret _ (leave) school so young.I regret _ (inform) you that your contract will not be renewed. Much to my regret/To my great regret,to informleavingregret v可

26、惜；后悔；遗憾；惋惜可惜；后悔；遗憾；惋惜 n遗憾；抱歉遗憾；抱歉Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently. 杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式表达的。杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式表达的。 I regret having left the work unfinished；I should have planned everything ahead carefully.我很遗憾未能完成工作，我本来应该事先认真地把

27、每件事我很遗憾未能完成工作，我本来应该事先认真地把每件事情规划地很好。情规划地很好。We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。 that I accept your resignation.接受你的辞呈，我感到很遗憾。接受你的辞呈，我感到很遗憾。It is with great regretfocus vt. 集中注意力；聚集集中注意力；聚集n.焦点；关注点焦点；关注点They focus on keeping their s

28、oil rich and free of disease.他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并免受病害。他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并免受病害。1) Bring the object into focus if you want a sharp photograph. 2）Her beauty makes her the focus of attention.3）Focus your camera on those trees.4）please focus your minds on the following questions.5) Today were going to focus on the pr

29、oblem of homeless people. focus (ones attention/minds ) on sth. = concentrate/fix ones attention on sth. 集中注意力于集中注意力于在我看来，你应该把精力集中在工作上。在我看来，你应该把精力集中在工作上。In my opinion, you should .他把相机对准了远处的高楼。他把相机对准了远处的高楼。He _ his camera the huge building in the distance. focus on your work focused on(1)focus on 集中

30、于集中于 focus ones attention/eyes/energy on 集中注意力集中注意力/目光目光/精力于精力于(2)the focus of attention/concern 注意力注意力/关注的焦点关注的焦点If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.如果你想模仿某人，要看他们的才华，而不是他们不好的性如果你想模仿某人，要看他们的才华，而不是他们不好的性格或无法接受的行为习惯。格或无法接受的行为习惯。P

31、lease the following problem.请把注意力集中在下面的问题上。请把注意力集中在下面的问题上。focus your attention on联想归纳联想归纳想一想表示想一想表示“集中注意力集中注意力/精力于精力于”的短语还有哪些？的短语还有哪些？_ _pay attention to sth.; put ones heart into sth.; fix onesattention on sth.; concentrate ones attention on sth.等等。 reduce vt. 减少，缩减 The governor announced a new pla

32、n to reduce crime. 1) We must gradually reduce the wage gap. 2) The shopkeeper reduced the price by 10. 3) The poor boy is reduced to begging. (1)reduce .to .减少到减少到 reduce .by . 减少了减少了 (2)be reduced to 沦落为沦落为；陷入某种状态；陷入某种状态 (1)reduce .to .减少到减少到reduce .by . 减少了减少了(2)be reduced to 沦落为沦落为；陷入某种状态；陷入某种状态

33、The number of students in our school has been reduced to 2,000.我们学校学生的数目减少到了我们学校学生的数目减少到了2000。It is proper that housing prices 10%.房价降低房价降低10%是适当的。是适当的。Believe it or not, the rich man should a beggar.信不信由你，那位富人竟然沦落为乞丐。信不信由你，那位富人竟然沦落为乞丐。她的体重减少了她的体重减少了5公斤。公斤。She _ her _ 5 kilos. 炸弹爆炸使得该城市化为废墟。炸弹爆炸使得该城

34、市化为废墟。The bombs _ the city . are reduced bybe reduced toreduced to ruins reduced weight byA sentence free from mistakes.keep .free from 无无的；免于的；免于；摆脱；摆脱（常用作表语、后置定语或补语）（常用作表语、后置定语或补语）Keep the baby healthy and free from sickness.Keep the table free from dirty by putting a cover over ment vi.&vt. 评论；表达

35、意见；作出评论评论；表达意见；作出评论 n.C&U 评论；议论评论；议论He refused to comment on/upon the scandal.He commented that the project was a failure.He made some comments on the recent development. “Will you resign, Minister?” “No comment!”常用结构：常用结构：comment on/about sth./sb. make comments/no comment on sth./sb. No comment! co

36、mment on/about sth./sb. 对某事对某事/某人进行评论某人进行评论make comments/no comment on sth./sb. 对某事对某事/某人某人进行评论进行评论/不进行评论不进行评论No comment! 无可奉告无可奉告 lead toA lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.缺乏自信心会导致许多痛苦。缺乏自信心会导致许多痛苦。导致；造成导致；造成(后果后果)；通向；通向lead sb. to do sth.lead/live a .lifelead .into . lead the way使

37、某人做某事使某人做某事过过样的生活样的生活把把领进领进引路；带路引路；带路The discovery of new evidence led to the thiefs being caught.新证据的发现使得小偷被抓住。新证据的发现使得小偷被抓住。He decided after the unusual experience. 这次不平常的经历过后，他决定过一种新的生活。这次不平常的经历过后，他决定过一种新的生活。This has led scientists other solutions to the problem.这就使得科学家不得不想其他解决问题的方法。这就使得科学家不得不想其他解决问题的方法。to lead/live a new lifeto think outlead to 通向；导致；造成（通向；导致；造成（to是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语）是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语）翻译：翻译：1）条条大路通罗马）条条大路通罗马 All roads lead to Rome. 2) 他的粗心导致了他的失败。他的粗心导致了他的失败。