大学英语写作指导

1、外语系1105班 安磊霞2011030534作文得分技巧总结 1、 卷面整洁，书写清楚 2、 构思简单，少犯错误 3、 中心突出，层次分明 4、 固定经典，名言注目 5、 重在变化，宁简勿烂写作的“七项基本原则” 1、长短句原则 As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite sim

2、ilar. 强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。2、主题句原则 主题句通常放在句首 To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.and be fully prepared before the

3、exam（主题句）. 3、阐述观点的一二三原则（1）first, second, third, last（不推荐，原因：俗）（2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推荐，原因：俗）（3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推荐，原因：俗）（4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）（5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）（6）to

4、 start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）（7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）（8）most important of all, moreover, finally（9）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）（10）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）4、短语优先原则 写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处： 其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简

5、单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，你的得分率将会降低；相反，如果发现一些精彩的短语，你的文章定会得高分。 其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！比如： I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it. I want it.可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.5、多实少虚原则 原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。所谓虚词是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该只说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous, hu

6、morous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital之类的形象词。再比如： 走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room 小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room 小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room 老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room6、多变句式原则 （1）加法（串联） 写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and,但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系

7、。比如说： I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式： Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短语可以用： besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover（2）转折（拐弯抹角） 批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，写文章的时候只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个转折词就够了。 The car was quite old, yet it was in

8、 excellent condition. The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短语： despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding（3）因果（so, so, so） 昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系！ The snow began to fall, so

9、we went home. 更多短语： then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that（4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重） 文章中如果出现失衡句子，更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。 This is what I can do. Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分： When to go, Why he goes away（

10、5）附加 在句子中穿插定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语，使句子有变化。 The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. I dont enjoy that book you are reading. Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 附加法其实很简单：同位语要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成；定语从句借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom /that关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。（6）排比（排山倒海句） 文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让

11、你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个的对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！ Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean

12、 tides. We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（气势恢宏）7、挑战极限原则 既然是挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如： The weather being fine, a large number of people went to

13、 climb the Western Hills. Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China. 大 学 英 语 考 试 中 作文经典句型1. the + est + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen (known/heard/had/read, etc) the most + 形容词 + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen (known/heard/had/read, etc) 例句：Helen i

14、s the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。2. Nothing is + er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。3. cannot emphasize the imp

15、ortance of too much. (再怎么强调.的重要性也不为过。) 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。4. There is no denying that + S + V .(不可否认的) 例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。5. It is universally

16、 acknowledged that + 句子 (全世界都知道) 例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。6. There is no doubt that + 句子 (毫无疑问的) 例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。7. An advantage of is that + 句子(的优点是) 例句：

17、An advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create (produce) any pollution. 使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。8. The reason why + 句子 is that + 句子(的原因是) 例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air. 我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。9. So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子(如此以致于) 例句：S

18、o precious is time that we cant afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，它经不起我们浪费。10. Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V (虽然) 例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不 虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。11.The + er + S + V, the + er + S

19、 + V The + more + Adj + S + V, the + more + Adj + S + V(愈愈) 例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你愈努力，你愈进步。 The more books we read, the more learned we become. 我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。12. By +Ving, can (借着，能够) 例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。13. enable + Obje

20、ct(受词)+ to + V (使能够) 例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。14. On no account can we + V (我们绝对不能) 例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。15. It is time + S + 过去式 (该是的时候了) 例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traff

21、ic problems. 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。16. Those who (的人) 例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished. 违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。17. There is no one but (没有人不) 例句：There is no one but longs to go to college. 没有人不渴望上大学。18. be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不) 例句：Since the examination is aro

22、und the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports. 既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。19. It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的) It is obvious that + 句子 (明显的) It is apparent that + 句子 (显然的) 例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。20. That is the reason why (

23、那就是的原因) 例句：Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I dont like it. 夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。21. For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式.(过去年来，一直) 例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination. 过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。22. Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。 例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has wor

24、ked very hard. 自从他上高中，他一直很用功。23. It pays to + V (是值得的。) 例句：It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。24. be based on (以为基础) 例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony. 社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。25. Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的) We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。26. bring home to + 人 + 事 (让明白事) 例句：We should bring home to people the value of working hard. 我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。27. be closely related to (与息息相关) 例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health. 做运动与健康息息相关。28. Get into the habit of + Vi