新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材(修订版)《综合教程2》unit2课后练习答案,大学本科英语专业

1、新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材(修订版)综合教程2unit 2课后练习答案,大学本科英语专业UNIT 2 The Virtues of Growing OlderText ComprehensionI. CII. FFFTTIII. Answer the following questions1. the answer can be found in the first two paragraphs2. The writer mentions 3 distinct advantages of growing older, i.e. less concern for ones appear

2、ance(para 3), less uncertainty about the unknowns in the future (para 4), and surer self-identity (para 5)3. refer to Para 44. refer to para 55. the writer learns the significance from her parents contentment that he newer(younger) is not necessarily better, and she can be happier than before as she

3、 grows older.VocabularyI . Vocabulary Analysis 1 Phrase practice 1. be apt to be likely to 易于，有的倾向e.g. Infants are apt to put their hands into their mouths. 婴儿爱把手往嘴里塞。2. fall apart: break up, disintegrate3. in general as a whole 通常，大体上；总的来说，从总体上看e.g. In general, this companys products are very relia

4、ble. 这家公司的产品通常是很可靠的。 In general, this paper is a bit difficult for these students to finish in an hour. 总的来说，让学生在一个小时内完成这份试卷有些困难。3. at the mercy of powerless against; completely controlled by 对无能为力；任处置，任由摆布e.g. Some people are born with the belief that they are masters of their own lives. Others fee

5、l they are at the mercy of fate. 有些人天生相信自己是生命的主宰，另一些人则觉得他们受到命运的支配。I dont want to put myself at the mercy of others. 我不希望任由他人摆布。4. no wonder not surprising / only too natural 不足为奇，并不奇怪e.g. It is no wonder that it is so wet in the south. 南方这么潮湿，并不奇怪。 No wonder youre so tired, youve worked three hours

6、without a break. 难怪你这么累，你已经连续工作了三个小时。 It is no wonder that he failed his final exam. 他没能通过期末考试，这是不足为怪的。II. fill in the blanks 1. delay 2. Feverishly 3. faade 4. confronted 5. premise 6. dreaded 7. automatically 8. awaitingIII Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. She ha

7、s got this obsessive (obsess) fear of losing control, so she never shows her emotions. 2. People under a lot of stress at work will often experience moodiness (mood), irritability and a loss of confidence. 3. They wanted a tolerable (tolerate) existence more food, better shelter, and peace. 4. In th

8、e end, the company and its investors came to a mutually beneficial (benefit) arrangement.5. Working with the mentally handicapped can be a satisfying (satisfy) and rewarding experience. 6. Frogs can search for food underwater, hidden (hide) from birds of prey. 7. When I asked her about where she wan

9、ted the meeting to be held, she didnt express any particular preference (prefer). 8. The committee has made four specific criticisms (critical) of the governments transportation policy. 1. obsess v. （使）牵挂，（使）惦念，（使）着迷 obsessed a. 着迷的 obsession n. 困扰，沉迷，着魔 obsessive a. 着迷的，强迫性的，分神的e.g. 爱丽丝被一个她刚刚认识的男孩迷

10、住了。Alice was obsessed by a boy she has just met.他一直想要找到他的父亲，但是最近这变成了一种狂热。Hes always wanted to find his father but recently its become an obsession.2. mood n. 心情，情绪moody a. 易怒的，喜怒无常的，情绪化的moodiness n. 忧郁e.g. 我每个星期日情绪都很坏。 I am always in a bad mood on Sunday. 我的妻子在医院里心情不好。My wife is moody at the hospita

11、l.3. tolerate v. 容忍，忍受 tolerable a. 可容忍的 tolerant a. 宽容的，容忍的e.g. 她能忍受寒冷的天气。She can tolerate the cold days.这种炎热的天气在夜晚可以忍受。The heat was tolerable at night.4. benefit n. 利益；津贴 beneficial a. 有益的，有利的 beneficiary n. 受惠者，受益人e.g. 这项工程对每个人都大有好处。This project is of great benefit to everyone.新鲜空气有益于健康。Fresh air

12、 is beneficial to our health.她的丈夫是她遗嘱的主要受益人。Her husband is the chief beneficiary of her will.5. satisfy v. 使满意，满足 satisfaction n. 满意 satisfactory a. 令人满意的e.g. 观赏一幅美丽的图画使人心满意足。Looking at a beautiful painting always gives one satisfaction.她对现状根本不满意。She is not at all satisfied with the present situatio

13、n.6. hide v. 隐藏，隐瞒 hiding n. 隐藏，躲藏 hidden a. 隐藏的，秘密的e.g. 她设法不表露自己的感情。She tried to hide her feelings.警察正在追赶藏匿起来的杀人犯。The police are following a murderer whos in hiding.7. prefer v. 较喜欢；宁可 preferable a. 更好的，更合意的 preference n. 偏爱，优先，喜爱物 preferential a. 优先的；优惠的e.g. 我更喜欢牛奶，而不是咖啡.I prefer milk to coffee.我父

14、亲感到在乡村生活比在城市生活要好些。My father finds country life preferable to living in the city.对于求职者，我们优先考虑有一定经验的人。In considering people for jobs, we give preference to those with some experience.8. critical a. 批评的；决定性的，关键的 critic n. 批评家，评论家 criticism n. 批评，评论 criticize v. 批评；非难e.g. 他的行为招致尖锐的批评。His behavior called

15、 forth sharp criticism.他批评了我的冒险活动。He criticized my taking risks.IV. choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentenceCDAA BDCBV. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Advertisements convince us to buy Grecian For

16、mula and Oil of Olay so we can hide the gray in our hair.Synonym: conceal, disguise2. My legs were too heavy, my shoulders too broad, my waist too big.Antonym: narrow3. Their contentment holds out great promise for me as I move into the next perhaps even better phase of my life.Synonym: satisfaction

17、, happiness, joy4. The Virtues of Growing OlderSynonym: merits, advantages5. My rounded figure seems fine, and I dont deny myself a slice of pecan pie if I feel in the mood.Synonym: fat, plump6. Dave lifted weights, took megadoses of vitamins and drank a half-dozen milk shakes a day in order to turn

18、 his wiry adolescent frame into some muscular ideal.Synonym: well-built7. The two of us enjoy wearing fashionable clothes, but we are no longer slaves to style.Antonym: old-fashioned, outdated8. Obviously, I still have important choices to make about my life, but I have already made many of the crit

19、ical decisions that confront those just starting out.Synonym: clearly, evidentlyVI Prefix Write in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in each given word.1. preface prepare 5. periphery perimeter 2. prologue progress 6. dialogue diameter 3. foresight foresee 7. semifinal semic

20、onductor 4. paralysis parallel 8. devaluate decelerate 1. Explanation: pre- : before someone or something e.g. prewar, precondition, precaution, prediction2. Explanation: pro- : before e.g. proceed, procession, provision 3. Explanation: fore- : before or in the front of e.g. foreword, foretell, fore

21、cast, forehead4. Explanation: para- :on one side e.g. paragraph, parallel5. Explanation: per- : surrounding e.g. periodic, period6. Explanation: dia- : pass through between sth. e.g. dialectic, diagram, diagnosis7. Explanation: semi-: half or partly e.g. semicircle, semi-final, semi-skilled8. Explan

22、ation: de-: reduce e.g. declass, degrade, deduceII Grammar Exercises 1. concrete nouns & abstract nounsConcrete nouns are words we use for people, places, or things that we can observe with at least one of our five senses. The abstract class is the opposite we can never experience these nouns accord

23、ing to our senses. While this distinction is sometimes useful, the boundary between concrete and abstract is not always clear. Some nouns can be used as uncountable nouns when they refer to a thing in general and countable nouns when they refer to a particular instance of it, consider, for example,

24、the noun art, which usually refers to a concept: e. g. Art is an important element of human culture.But it can refer to a specific artwork in certain contexts:e.g. I put my daughters art up on the fridge.This is the problem of context within sentences.Practice:I. Complete the following sentences wit

25、h the appropriate forms of the nouns given.1. agony 2. agonies 3. experience 4. experiences5. youth 6. a youth 7. a great help 8. a good knowledge 9. a gray hair 10. work II. . quantifiers & determiners (every, each, everyone, every one, all) 1 A 2.B 3. D 4.C 5. A 6. B 7. B 8 C III. Complete the rea

26、ding A lot of , a little, some, a few, A, some, some, a lot of , x, many, x, a lot ofIV. Complete the following1. all, every one, 2. each 3. every 4. each 5. everyone 6. each 7. everyone, everyone, 8. eachV. Correct errors in the following sentences.1. you must take care 2. Though he received the do

27、cument late at night it3. When you fell4. When you read5. I became clear about what he meant6. We saw the first star shining in the sky7. who were eating8. he was cleaningTranslation: I. Translation exercises1. 许多中年人去健身房锻炼，到街上跑步，为的是延缓衰老。2. 青年人最不稳定的因素就是，他们对价值观、人生目标和梦想还犹豫不定。3. 镇上开会我可以大胆发言，在商店里购物我也敢投诉，

28、因为我不再害怕人们会笑我，也不再渴望人人都喜欢我。4. 我不再因为自己个性方面的缺陷责怪父母，也不会对他们在养育我的过程中所犯的种种过失耿耿于怀。II. 1. Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them.Practice: 被工作迷了心窍的人和酒鬼、吸毒者或惯赌都一样瘾头很大。The man who is obsessed with his job is just as hooked as the alc

29、oholic, the junkie, or the compulsive gambler.你们这一代可能会因为感情关系的频繁变化而产生困扰。Your generation may seem to be obsessed with relationships that change continually.2. Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife.3. For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in

30、 the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life. 4. Im not sure if we can have the excursion to Chongming Island tomorrow. It is at the mercy of the weather. 5. When he was young he went to Japan to learn medicine, but after he returned to China he changed his mind and pu

31、rsued a career as a writer all his life. 6. Shes taken up with a man old enough to be her father, which is a disgrace to her parents. Practice: 她的父母很不明白她为什么会和一个失业的男演员交往。Her parents could not understand why she had taken up with an unemployed actor.有名望有权势的男人似乎对“保姆型”的女人情有独钟，如秘书、助手和乘务员等等。Powerful men s

32、eem to take up with the young women whose job was to tend to them and care for them in some way: their secretaries, assistants, flight attendants, etc.7. Since 1978, our economy has witnessed a rapid development; in contrast that of some developed countries have declined. Practice: 谢谢你和我分享中国的故事，我会再来

33、中国见证她的变化。Thanks for talking and sharing Chinas story with me. I will return to China and witness all its happenings.“十一”之前我肯定能回到中国，我个人也愿意见证中国的欢腾时刻。I am sure to come back to China before October 1st. Personally I would like to witness the important gala of China.8. The earthquake isolated this city f

34、rom other areas. Im afraid their food supplies will not hold out through the winter. Practice: 如果供给品充裕的话，我们将在此继续露营一个星期。If our supplies hold out, we will camp here for another week.那位飞行员说，因为缺乏燃料，他只能再坚持一小时，然后就不得不把飞机降落在水面上。The pilot said he could hold out for another hour before he would have to ditch

35、the plane because of lack of fuel.IV Exercises for integrated skills1. DictationI think / that a successful old age is easiest for those / who have strong impersonal interests / leading to suitable activities. / It is in these activities / that long experience is really fruitful, / and that the wisd

36、om born of experience / can be used / without becoming a burden. / It is no use telling grown-up children / not to make mistakes, / both because they will not believe you, / and because mistakes are an essential part of education. / But if you are one of those / who are incapable of / impersonal int

37、erests, / you may find that / your life will be empty / unless you concern yourself / with your children and grandchildren. / In that case / you must realize / that while you can still help them / in material ways, / you must not expect / that they will enjoy your company.2. ClozePsychologically the

38、re are two dangers to be guarded (1) against in old age. One of these is too great an absorption in the past. One should not live in memories, in regrets (2) for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. Ones thoughts must be directed to the (3) future, and to things about which t

39、here is something to be (4) done. This is not always easy; ones own past is gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think that ones emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and ones mind more keen. If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true.Th

40、e (5) other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope (6) of finding strength in its vitality. When your children grow up they want to live (7) their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are (8) likely to become a burden to them,

41、 unless they are unusually insensible. I do not mean that one should be without interest in them, but ones interest should be considerate and, (9) if possible, charitable, but not too emotional. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after (10) themselves, but huma

42、n beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this less easy.Hints:1) A preposition collocates with “guard” to mean “prevent something from happening”.5) Refer to the first two sentences in Para. 1.6) A preposition is needed to collocate with “in the hope”. 8) Which word can mean “probable”?V Oral

43、activities 1. Giving a talkIn the text the author writes about, to the contrary of what we normally take for granted, the advantages of growing older, with the experiences of herself and her parents as examples. As a young student, you may have made some observations about the lives of your parents

44、and grandparents. For instance, you may have found that they seem happier than younger people. Tell some stories about what they have gone through and try to explain why they seem to be contented with what life has offered them.For your reference:1. You may use the following words and expressions in

45、 your stories:confront, suffer from, make a choice, endure, tolerate, go through, difficulty, obstacle, hardship, painful experience, give up, hold on, insist, pursue, reward, benefit, gift, feel relieved, balance, relaxation, belief, growth, maturity, insight, positive, optimistic, accomplished, co

46、ntentment2. You may express the following viewpoints in telling your stories: When grandparents survived the war times, they cherished the “new” life in the present society and felt content. When parents went through the difficulties such as , they enjoyed their change from immaturity to maturity. T

47、hey think the greatest benefit of being old is knowing “who I am”.2. Having a discussionThe relationship between retired elderly people and their children is an increasingly serious problem that threatens the harmony of Chinese society. A young couple may have to take care of four parents as well as

48、 their own child. What do you think our community should do to ensure that the elderly still live a happy meaningful life in old age without putting too much burden on the younger generation? And what should the elderly people themselves do to help solve this problem? More importantly, what should w

49、e do to protect the basic fabric of our traditional society in such circumstances? Organize yourselves into groups of five or six and discuss these questions.For reference:1. Some suggestions that our community should adopt to ease the burden which are put on the younger generation: Improving welfar

50、e and health insurance system for elderly people. Setting up more self-contained seniors homes or health facilities. Establishing volunteers system to help elderly people. 2. Some suggestions that the elderly people should adopt to help solve the problem: Understanding their childrens difficulties a

51、nd trying best to learn how to take care of themselves, which may help keep good health. Developing more hobbies after retirement. For one thing, it may help them maintain a positive attitude towards life. For another, it can ease their childrens burden of looking after them.3. Some suggestions that

52、 people should adopt to protect the basic fabric of the traditional society in such circumstances: Young people should show filial piety to the four parents and do not be biased and try to communicate with them and understand them more. If possible, arrange four parents to live in the same city so t

53、hat children can take care of them alternatively.VI Writing PracticeParagraph development the topic sentenceA topic sentence is a statement of the controlling idea that the rest of the paragraph clarifies, exemplifies, or supports. It is usually the most general statement of the paragraph but meanwhile specific enough so that it can be fully developed in a single paragraph. A good topic sentence promises what is to come. A good topic sentence has three characteristics: it includes