(完整版)初中语法训练之名词(含练习题及答案)

1、1初中语法之名词掌握要点：名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词） 名词的数 1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化 名词所有格 含义、构成 两种形式：S有格及 of 所有格 知识点：一、名词的分类1专有名词：名字（人名、地名、书名、机构名）、与国家有关的（国家、国民、语言）、日期（节日、星期、月份）例句： My n ame is Lucy . I am a Chin ese . I will go to the Great Wall on Mon day .2普通名词：包括可数名词和不可数名词.-个体名词 表示个体的人或事物例:sister、table

2、、bike、window可数名词-集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例:family、police、class、group表示构成物体的物质或材料例:water、air、wood表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例：dan ger、in terest区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名词。注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass 作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。身兼二职的名词对照表glassfishchicke ntime可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间orangelightpaperhair可数橘子电灯报纸/试卷（几根）

3、头发不可数橘汁光纸头发exerciseidealifework可数练习题主意/意见生命著作不可数锻炼了解生活工作turkeyradioyouthexperie nee可数火鸡收音机青年人经历不可数火鸡肉无线电: 年轻、青春经验in terestroom可数爱好房间不可数兴趣空间、名词的单复数形式（1）规则变化：名词的复数构成，通常是在单数形式后面加-s 或-es不可数名词-物质名词抽象名词21、 一般情况在词尾直接加s ,例 bags。2、 以 s、x、sh、ch 结尾的词力口 -es,例 bus-buses box-boxes。3、 以 辅音字母+y”结尾的词，y 变成 i 加-es 例 c

4、ity-cities ;以 元音字母+y结尾的词，直接加 s。4、 以 o 结尾的除 potato（马铃薯）、tomato（西红柿）、hero（英雄）加 es，其余直接加 s。5、 以 f 或 fe 结尾的词，多数变 f 或 fe 为 v 加 es, roof、proof 直接加-s,例 life-lives wife-wives roof-roofs。（2）不规则变化1、 单词拼写发生变化 man-men woman-women policeman-policemen foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice child-childre n2、 某国人变复数，口诀：中

5、日不变英法变，其余s 加后面例：an En glishma n-En glishme nan America n-America ns3、单复数形式相同常用分以下几类：表示动物的名词deer 鹿，fish 鱼，sheep 绵羊，bison 野牛，crab 螃蟹表示人的名词Chinese 中国人，Japanese 日本人，Swiss 瑞士人，kin 亲 属craft 及由-craft 构成的名词craft 飞机， aircraft 飞机， spacecraft 太空船表示数量的名词Hundred 百，thousand 千，million 百万，dozen 打， score 二十其他series

6、系歹 U; species 种类； means 方法a/an 及数次搭配使用。表示数量时用量词搭配。two glasses of milk（两杯牛奶）four bottles of water（四杯水）三、名词所有格含义：名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。表示形式：一种是所有格，一种是 of 所有格Beijing is China s capeaing is the captital of China.This is Tom s biThis is the bike of Tom.Lily is the key s owner.= Lily is the ofthr key.1、 所有格构成单

7、数名词及不以 s 结尾的复数名词，只需在词尾加如 Lucy pen 路西的钢笔 Children sDay （儿童节）；以 s 结尾的复数名词，只加，如 the students b 学生们的书。2、 几个人共有的东西，只需在最后一个人的名词后加，s 如 Lucy and Lily s bedr 露西和莉莉的卧室）。表示各自所有，则每个名词都加，s 如 Lucy s and Lily s d 露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子）。典型例题讲解1. They got much_ from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. n ewsD. stories解析：much

8、 是用来修饰不可数名词的，A B D 三个选项均是可是名词的复数形式，C 项为不可数名词，因此选 C.（3）不可数名词一般只用单数，它不能与例：a cup of coffee（ 一杯咖啡）three pieces of paper（三张纸）32. I have two_ and three bottles of_ here.4A. orange, orangeB. oranges, orangesC. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges解析 : orange 有两种含义 , 一种可数名词橘子 , 另一种是不可数名词橘汁 , 此题第一空应填可数名词 , 第二 空

9、填不可数名词 , 因此选 C。3. Every evening M r. King takes a _ to his home .A. 25 minutes walk B. 25 minute s walkC. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk解析：句中的 minute 应该用其复数的所有格形式，只+，而不能+s,因此选 A。4. An old _wants to see you.A. peopleB. person C. the people D. the person解析：person 与 people 都有”人” 的意思 , 但用法不同 . “一个人”用

10、“a person” ,“两个人” 用 “two persons”; people 泛指 “人们”是集合名词 ,表示复数 , the people 指“人民” , a people 指 “一个民族” . 应选 B。5. Help yourself to _故应 +s, 因此选 D。6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _.A. room s number B. rooms number C. room numbersD. rooms numbers解析：room number 房间号码 . room 可直接用作定语修饰后面的名词 . 类似的还有 my phsics tea

11、cher, two bus drivers 等 .应选 C。7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _.A. familyB. house C. homeD. room解析：family 指的是家庭或是家庭成员；house 指的是房子（住所）;room 指的是房间；而 home 指的是家,因 此选 C.8. _mothers couldnA. Mary and PetersC. Marys and Petert go to the mbeeectainugs,e they have gone

12、 toShanghai . B. Mary and PeterD. Marys and Peters解析：此句中 “mothers”是复数,表示两个人各自的母亲，因此应选 D。9. Li Lei has been to _ m a n y times this month.A. her uncl e B. her uncle sC. her unclesD. aunt s解析：此句意为 “李雷这个去她舅舅家多次” . 表示具体场所时 , 可省去所有格后面的名词 . 因此选 B。10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn t _ in teaching

13、.A. many experiencesB. much experienceC. an experienceD. a lot experience解析：experience 作 “经验” 讲时是不可数名词 , 作 “经历” 讲时是可数名词 . 本句中应理解为 “经验” 因此是不可数名词 ,排除 A C. 又因 a lot of , lots of, plenty of 只用于肯定句 , 不用于否定句 , 因此选 B。11. A classmate of _ was here ten minutes ago.A. youB. yourC. your sisterD. your sisters解析

14、：此题考查名词的双重所有格 .应选 D。A. chickens and applesB. chickens and appleC. chicken and apple 解析：chicken 可用作可数名词指小鸡D. chicken and apples,用作不可数名词指鸡肉 ,根据词题意应理解为鸡肉;apple 为可数名词512. A group of _ are talking with two _.A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,FrenchmansC. Frenchmans , GermenD. Germen , Frenchmen解析 : Frenc

15、hman 是复合词 ,其复数形式为 Frenchmen; German 的复数为直接在单词末尾 +S, 应选 A., please. ”B. a cup of drink, CoffeesC. a drink, A coffee D. a drink, Three cups of coffees解析：drink 和 coffee 是不可数名词,可以用of 来表示数量,eg, three cups of coffee, 当前面加 a 时,则表示 “一杯”因此选 C。15. The Great Wall was made not only by _ , but also the flesh and

16、 blood of _ men.名词练习题1.This is _ reading-room.A. the teacherBs. teacherCs. teacherDs. the teachers 2.Nothing was found but _ broken.A. the room window B. the room s window C. the room of the windowD. the window of room3.How many_ would you like?A. paper B. bread C. pieces of papers D. pieces of brea

17、d4.He was praised for his _.A. brave B. bravery C. bravely D. great brave5.Please get me a new _ when you go to town.A. clothes B. dress C. clothing D. trousers6.There are 34_ doctors in the hospital.A. woman B. women C. womans D. womens7.Some_ are even thinner than your little finger.A. bamboo B. b

18、amboos C. kinds of bamboo D. kinds of bamboos8.He was born in this town and now he lives in _.A. Building second B. Building Two C. the Building Two D. Building the Second9.Old as he is, he has _to do every day.A. a lot of workB. much worksC.lots of homeworksD. quite a lot of homeworks10.Jacks room

19、is furnished with _.A. new furnituresB. many new furnituresC. many new pieces of furnitures D. many new pieces of furniture11.Have you read _newspaper yet?A. todaysB. Todays13.The teamA. is B. are 解析 : team 是一个集合名词 后者 , 因此选B。having a meeting .C. am,即可表示复数意义D. be（指整个小组 ） , 也可指小组中的成员 （表示复数 ）, 此题意为14.

20、“ Would you like _A. drink, Three coffeesA.earth and stone, millions ofC. the earth and stone, million of 解析： earth 是不可数名词，因此删除 因此选 A。B. earths and stones, millionsD. the earths and stones, millionsB D,数以百万的应为millio ns of . ?6C. the todaysD. your todays12.Its noatr,f only _walk from here to our scho

21、ol. A. a ten minutesB. ten minutesC. a ten minutesD. ten minutes13.Last month, he wrote me _letter.A. a 1000-wordB. 1000 wordsC. a 1000-words D. 1000 words14.He had a _sleep yesterday.A. a good nightB. a good-nightC. a good nightsD. good -nights15._is not a long way to drive.A. Three miles distanceB

22、. Three-mile distanceC. Three milesdistanceD. A three-mile-distance16.His isnt fit for the work. Please get me _. A. something else B. somebody elseC. someone elses D. somebodys else17.Do you know how large _ is?A. population of ChinaB. Chinese populationC. China populationD. Chinas population18._ i

23、s too much for the boy to carry.A. The box weightB. The boxs weightC. The weight of the boxD. The box of the weight19.Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest _ shop? A. shoes B. shoe21.They say that the meeting will be _.A. of very importantB. great importanceC. of great importance D. great importan

24、t22.Im going to call at _ this evening.A. Mr BlackB. the BlacksC. Mr BlacksD. Blacks23.What Darwin said was an attack on peopleA. beliefB. beliefsC. beliefsD. believs24.There are some _waiting for you outside.A. German B. AmericanC. grown-up D. Japanese25.Their factory has developed a kind of _ to h

25、elp people walk.B. machinesC. shoesD. shoes20. What _weather were having these days!A. niceB. a niceC. a badD. worses religious _A. machine7C. a machineD. the machine26.There re many _ in my brother s album.A. leafsB. toysC. booksD. stamps27.Yesterday I went to the super market and bought a lot of _

26、.A. tomatoesB. potatosC. vegetableD. meats28.Upon hearing what I said, his _ rose.A. angerB. angryC. angrilyD. angriness29.Excuse me, can you change this _ for me?A. five-pound noteB. five pounds noteC. five-pound notesD. five pounds notes30.You have to make _ for your journeyA. preparingB. preparationC. a preparationD. preparations31.While washing up, she broke a _.A. glass wineB. wine glassC. glass of wineD. wine of glass32.You have worked out the plan and now we must put it into _.A. fallB. reality C. practice D. dee