船长新版会话新增(第四版)丙类

1、航海英语听力与会话评估资料（船长）Unit 1 General EnglishLesson 1 Shipboard Everyday LifeTopic Presentation1. How do you like your career as a seafarer?I have been the Captain for nearly ten years. I like this job. I can get a good salary to give my family a better life and make cargoes transported from one place to

2、another. Sometimes I feel a little lonely and homesick. As a Captain, I have responsibility for running the ship while at sea and for the safety of the crew, passengers and cargo. I am on duty for 24 hours.2. List some effective ways to manage a multinational crew.Multinational crews come from diffe

3、rent cultural backgrounds. They speak different languages. So it is difficult to communicate effectively. This may make crew feel lonely and even lead to dangerous situation due to misunderstanding warnings or orders. Masters can actively encourage recreational activities such as birthday celebratio

4、ns, barbeques, table tennis, card games etc. Crew members should be encouraged to be sensitive to each otheres in food, musitcaastnd artand also to be considerate to each other. s needsUnit 3 Berthing and Unberthing OperationLesson 2 Communication Between Bridge and Forward and AftStationTopic Prese

5、ntation1. Describe the measures to be taken to ensure safety of the ship while at anchor or berth.On any ship at anchor or berth, the master must arrange for an appropriate and effective watch to be continuously maintained for the purpose of safety. The master must decide the composition and duratio

6、n of the deck watch depending on the conditions of anchoring, type of the ship and character of duties. If the master considers it necessary, a qualified officer must be in charge of the deck watch. The necessary equipment shall be so arranged as to provide for efficient watch keeping.2. Describe th

7、e responsibilities as a watch officer while the ship is at anchor.The master shall instruct the duty officer to keep anchor watch, and the duty officer shoulddetermine and plot the ship s position on the chart as sooanctaicsapbrle. When circumstancespermit, check whether the ship is remaining secure

8、ly at anchor by taking bearings of fixed navigation marks. Besides, it is important to post proper look-out.The duty officer shall notify master as soon as possible in case of dragging. It is essential to take all possible measures to stop the dragging. At last, the accident shall be kept in the log

9、book.15Lesson 3 Communication Between Bridge and TugTopic Presentation1. Describe the procedures before a ship s arrival at a port.Before arriving at a port, the bridge has to communicate with the port and pilot station by VHF, informs her ETA and get the necessary information about draft restrictio

10、ns, fairway speed, pilotage, weather report, depths of water, tides, etc. Call master onto the bridge to give instructions and monitor the operation of the ship. The engine room prepares to change oil and supply power. The deck crew members are at their different stations, testing the mooring machin

11、ery, mooring lines and checking the pressure on fire mains. Get everything ready for anchoring and mooring.Lesson 5 Communication Between Bridge and Port/DockTopic Presentation1. Describe the procedures before leaving a port.Before leaving a port, first decide whether the ship needs tug assistance a

12、nd make necessary arrangement. Get information on the weather, tides and the movements of the nearby vessels. Test bridge instruments to ensure that they are in good working orders. Synchronize ship s clock and make arrangements for pilot s embarkation or disembarkation, ensure charts and navigation

13、al publications corrected up-to-date. The engine room prepares to change oil and supply power. The deck crew members are at their different stations preparing for leaving a port. They shall get everything ready for letting go all lines and heaving away anchor.Questions and answers1. Can you list at

14、least three mooring lines?Yes, They are head line, breast line, spring line, and stern line.2. What should be prepared before the pilot comes on board?The pilot ladder, a heaving line, lights and a life buoy.3. What is the maximum speed through the water that your ship can anchor without risking bre

15、aking the cable?The maximum speed can be calculated according to the formula: ship s speed minus water speed.4. What flag should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot?Flag G.5. How can a ship get in touch with a port before her arrival?The ship can get in touch with a port through VHF.6. What sh

16、ip s particulars will pilot station usually ask for?Pilot station usuall y asks for ship nasme, length, breadth, drafts fore and aft, air draft,GT/NT. and so on.7. What should be reported to the pilot station?Ship nsame, call sign, nationality, ship s type, number of persons on board, present positi

17、on and ETA at pilot station.8. What should be confirmed from the pilot station?Pilot boasrding time and boarding point , the ship sisde on which pilot ladder will be put.9. When the vessel enters the VTS area, what is requested to report?Ship s name and call sigh, present cour se and speed, destinat

18、ion, last port of call. ETA at the pilot station, the reporting point and so on.10. What does foul anchor mean?It means that the anchor has its own cable twisted around it.11. If you are ordered: Stand by both engines! how should yodurereppolryt?anI shall repeat Stand by both engines , and then repo

19、rt Both engines stand by.12. Can you list three famous canals in the world? They are Suez Canal, Panama Canal and Kiel Canal.13. When you request the receiver to remain on channel 16 in VHF Communication, what do you say?I will say Stand by on VHF channel 16.14. How do you rectify the mistake in mar

20、ine VHF communication?I should first say mistake , then followed by tchoerrceocrtrieocnt messagea.nd15. How do you emphasize the important part of a message in maritime VHF communication?We can say repeat followed by the important part of the message.16. What does abandon vessel mean?It means to eva

21、cuate crew and passengers from a distressed vessel.17. What does the abbreviation ETD stand for?It means the Estimated Time of Departure.18. What does dredging of an anchor mean?It means moving an anchor along the sea bottom to control the movement of the vessel.19. What does underway mean?It means

22、a vessel is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground.20. What does dragging of an anchor ?It means moving of an anchor over the sea bottom involuntarily because it is no longer preventing the movement of the vessel.21. what is the difference between a“radar beacon ”and a “radar reflector

23、 ”?A radar beacon is a radar transponder emitting a characteristic signal; and a radar reflector is used to obtain stronger echoes from radar targets.22. How many objects do you need to get a position using“horizontal sextant angles”?At least two objects.23. Why is a magnetic compass kept on board w

24、hen a gyro compass is more accurate? Because a magnetic compass is more reliable. It is cheap, and requires no electric power.24. What do you report when the anchor has been heaved out of the ground and is clear of it?I will report: “Anchor is aweigh. ”25. When preparing for anchoring what must you

25、do before releasing the bow stoppers?We must make sure that the windlass is out of gear and the brakes are on.26. Would you let go an anchor from hawse pipe if the depth was 75 meters?No, we would not.27. Why must you consider ships speed and sea depth when you release the bow stoppers?If the ship s

26、 speed is too fast, the anchor chain is easy to break, if too slowly the anchor can t grab the ground. If the sea depth is too shallow, its easy to ground, if too deep theanchor can t reach the ground.28. What must always be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before the pilot s embark

27、ation?A heaving line and a lifebuoy.29. Why is it dangerous to anchor in ice?Because ice can cause crash to the hull and bottom.30. What flag is hoisted when the pilot has arrived on board?Flag “H ”.Unit 4 NavigationLesson 1 Communication for Preventing CollisionTopic Presentation1. Please describe

28、the Captain s duties for preventing collision.All masters must be aware of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea.All vessels must travel at a safe speed at all times. A safe speed is one at which the vessel can be stopped in time to avoid any danger which arises suddenly. In

29、 judging a safe speed the master must consider a number of issues including: Drive slowly in restricted visibility and at night. Slow down on busy waterways. Slow down in shallow areas or in unfamiliar waterways. Take full into account of wind, waves and currents which may affect maneuverability of

30、the vessel.The master is responsible at all times for keeping a lookout for dangers. The master must be fully aware of the vessel environment, especially in bad weather, restricted visibility or darkness.Last year, a bulk carrier of my company struck a fishing vessel of 8 meters off the North East c

31、oast of Australia. It occurred because of lack of proper lookout on both vessels. Fishing vessel may present a poor radar target, besides the reflection of moonlight from the water prevented the fishing vessel hull being seen. So the master should ensure that the watch officer maintain proper lookou

32、t all the time, especially in restricted visibility and at night.Lesson 2 Navigating in Heavy WeatherTopic Presentation1. Describe the actions to be taken by the captain while navigating in heavy weather. During navigation in heavy weather, The Master shall obtain forecast for the area. Passage plan

33、 shall be checked for estimated time of passing such area. If not on weather routing advice already, in case of severe storm, he may ask for such services through the operator. The Master shall, if possible, select a reasonable route that allows the vessel to avoid navigation in heavy weather or kee

34、p a safe distance from the storm center. The Master must regulate speed and/or alter course in heavy weather in order to avoid the possibility of damage to ship and cargo, also to avoid needless expenditure of fuel. If vessel is available to use a certain cargo tank designated for Heavy Weather Ball

35、asting, and the Master considers it necessary to do so due to inadequate draft, he shall inform it to the company and also he shall take all necessary precautions for this Ballasting and De-ballasting process. The Master shall inspect the vessel and cargo during navigation and make cargo properly se

36、cured and lashed.Lesson 3 Navigating in Special AreasTopic Presentation1. Please say something about navigating in ice area.Ice is an obstacle to any ship, even an icebreaker, and the navigator is advised to be aware of the latent power and strength of ice in all its forms. Ice may trap your vessel

37、or damage your hull. While navigating in ice area, you should remember that:1. keep moving - even very slowly, but try to keep moving;2. try to work with the ice movement and weaknesses but not against them;3. excessive speed almost always results in ice damage; and4. know your ships maneuvering cha

38、racteristics.5. Light and partly loaded ships should be ballasted as deeply as possible.6. good searchlights should be available to aid in visibility during night navigation.7. carry sufficient fresh water, supplies and fuel.2. Please say something about difference between navigating in a narrow cha

39、nnel and in a traffic separation scheme.The rules in navigating in narrow channels are described as the COLREG rule 9. The rules in navigating in a traffic separation scheme are described as the COLREG rule 10. When passing a narrow channel, vessel should pay attention to the dangers within the chan

40、nel, such as current situation, fixed navigation status and moving contact state and so on. When passing a traffic separation scheme, vessel should pay special attention the use of the leading buoys, side buoys and other aids to navigation.Questions and answers1. Why is it important to sound fog sig

41、nals?In order to warn the vessels in vicinity to avoid collision in fog.2. When would you sound the general alarm?In case of fire and emergency.3. When should an OOWnotify the master immediately for emergency ship-handling orcomplicated navigation? Please list some.When passing the narrow channel, i

42、n poor visibility, and in sudden failure of the engines, etc.4. How does the OOW assess risk of collision generally? Consider DCPA and TCPA.5. How should the relieving officer behave in case a bridge maneuver already took place but has not been over?Pay special attention to ship s position, navigati

43、onal aids, navigation condition. If at night, follow the master s standing orders.6. List the main items to be updated on the pilot card?The boarding time and boarding point, etc.7. Besides the collision risks, what else should you monitor on watch in reduce visibility? Risk of grounding, vessels sp

44、eed, traffic density, etc.8. How do you know the VHF channels to be monitored when leaving port?Make sure if the VHF is on the correct working frequency, so as to contact with others through VHF.9. What should the Master expect from the OOW on arriving at the bridge?The actual situation and navigati

45、on condition.10. Who should be in attendance when a pilot is on the ladder?The third officer or the sailor on duty.11. When would you instruct a lookout to assist you on the bridge? When the visibility becomes poor, or in the narrow channels and heavy traffic areas.12. What effect will the general a

46、larm have on the crew?The crew should be alert on the alarm, take effective measures and go to assembly station if necessary.13. Why is record keeping a necessary part of watch-keeping?It can be used as evidence in case of accident.14. Apart from those for navigation safety, what else should you do

47、on an anchor watch?Observing rise and fall of the tide, making patrols of the ship and watching the anchor position, etc.15. How would you conveniently, check the compass error in pilotage waters?By checking the landmarks, lighthouse and nearby ships.16. If a sailing ship is overtaking a power-drive

48、n vessel , who has the right of way?A power- driven vessel has the right of way.17. A power-driven vessel is on a collision course with a fishing trawler. Who has the right of way ?A fishing trawler has the right of way.18. How many meters are there in a nautical mile? There are 1852 meters in a nau

49、tical mile.19. If you travel from panama to NEW York, will your latitude increase or decrease?My latitude will increase.20. How many “position lines ”are needed to make a position?At least two.21. How can you define the very important term“underway ”?It means that a ship is not at anchor, made fast

50、to shore or aground.22. You observe a ship, during daytime ,exhibiting three balls on the same halyard .what has happened?The ship is aground.23. What does the abbreviation IALA stand for?It stands for International Association of Lighthouse Authorities.24. Is it safe to pass north of a North Mark?Y

51、es, it is.25. Is it safe to pass north of a South Mark?No, it isn t.26. Dose variation change due to ships position?Yes, it is.27. Does deviation change due to ships position?Yes, it is.28. When correcting charts why must you use symbols and abbreviations from chart 5011?Because chart 5011 is the st

52、andard chart. It contains all the standard symbols and abbreviations.29. You have purchased a new chart, is it right ready for use?No, you should first correct it.30. What publication do you need to correct charts properly?Notice to mariners.31. What course in degrees corresponds to south-east?Cours

53、e on 135 .32. What is the angle between magnetic and true meridian called?Variation.33. Where can you always find information about the magnetic variation?Magnetic rose on the chart.34. When a ship pick up speed , will draught increase or decrease?Draught will increase.35. A ship ahead of you has ho

54、isted the signal flag“o ”, what has happened?There is someone overboard.Unit 5 Shipboard Emergency ResponseLesson 1 Shipboard EmergenciesTopic Presentation1. Please say something about Ships Collision Accident Handling.After collision with another ship, as the master of the ship, you should inform y

55、our owner or manager, firstly, record the date, time and location of the collision. Secondly, Ask your crew to survey the damage of both vessels and confirm details on the other ship. You can take photographs of damage to your ship and the other ship and ask witnesses to write down what happened. Th

56、ese records and documents should be secured for evidence. Then you should investigate the cause of the collision. Finally, make the conclusion of salvage contract and recording the salvage operation.2. Please say something about Ships stranding accident handling.In case of stranding, firstly make in

57、spection of stranding condition and make sure which part is stranded and what caused the stranding. Secondly, take proper measures, such as deballasting, shifting of ballast, or jettisoning of cargo if necessary. Wait for high water if all the actions taken failed. Thirdly, make an interview with cr

58、ew members. Finally make a recording of refloating operation and conclusion of salvage contract.Questions and answers1. What is your purpose to prepare the Confirmation of Collision Occurrence to the Master of the other vessel?Inform the Captain of the accidents state, cause and the relevant responsibilities.2. What shall be usually attached to the report on the accident?Surveyor s report, logbook, witness