中考专项讲解--反意疑问句

1、中考专项讲解-反意疑问句一、反意疑问句的概念及其构成： 当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。在反意疑问句的构成上要注意以下几点：1.前面的陈述句如果是肯定的，反意疑问句就要用否定形式 ；前面的陈述句如果是否定的，反意疑问句就要用肯定形式。2. 反意疑问句的主语必须是代替前面主语的人称代词主格。3. 反意疑问句的谓语动词在时态和人称上要与前面陈述句的谓语动词保持一致。二、我们在使用反意疑问句时，应注意以下几点 1.若陈述句中的谓语是系动词be时，反意疑问句也要用系动词be。You are a student, arent you?He is a

2、 good student, isnt he?Its very cold today, isnt it?She was in France last year, wasnt she?They were in Beijing last month, werent they?2.若陈述句中有情态动词时，反意疑问句要用情态动词。You can help him, cant you?You cant do it well, can you?3.若陈述句中有助动词时，反意疑问句要用助动词。They will go to the Great Wall tomorrow, wont they?They di

3、dnt go to the park yesterday, did they?He doesnt like English, does he?She has gone to the library, hasnt she?4. 若陈述句中无助动词 / 情态动词 / 系动词be时，反意疑问句要根据实际情况，用助动词do适当形式。He likes English, doesnt he?They came here two days ago, didnt they?5.当陈述句部分的主语是名词时，反意疑问句的主语必须要用相应的人称代词主格来代替。Your father is a doctor, isn

4、t he?Kate came here last week, didnt she?Your brother has gone to the library, hasnt he?The students went to Beijing last week, didnt they？Mary doesnt like reading，does she ?The flowers come out in spring, dont they?Beijing is a very beautiful city, isnt it?6.当陈述句部分是I am时，反意疑问句要用arent I；当陈述句部分是I am

5、not时，反意疑问句要用am I。 Im late for the meeting, arent I? 我开会迟到了，是吗？Im not doing well, am I? 我干得不好，是吗？ 7.当陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that时，反意疑问句的主语用it代替；指示代词是these, those时，反意疑问句的主语用they代替。 This is your bike, isnt it? That isnt a useful book, is it? These are important books, arent they? Those are desks, arent they?

6、 8.当陈述部分为there be句型时，反意疑问部分的主语用there。There is a table in the room, isnt there?There are some books on the table, arent there?There isnt any water in the bottle, is there?There will be a football match next week, wont there?9.当陈述部分出现had better 句式时，后面仍用had 构成疑问部分。You had better have a good rest, hadnt

7、 you Shed better stay in bed, hadnt she?You had better not go home now, had you?10.祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用will you。Open the door, will you?Dont do that again, will you?注意：Let sb.开头的祈使句，构成反意疑问句时，除Lets用shall we构成反意疑问句外，其它均用will you。 Lets take a walk after supper, shall we? 晚饭后我们去散步，好吗？ Let us read the text，w

8、ill you？Let me have a look, will you?Let him come in, will you?Let the boy go first, will you? 让那男孩先走，好吗？ 11.当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时，反意疑问句的主语用it，不用they。Everything goes well，doesnt it？一切顺利，是吗？Everything begins to grow in spring, doesnt it? Something is wrong with your b

9、ike, isnt it?Nothing can stop (阻止)us now , can it ?12.当陈述部分的主语是从句、不定式（短语）、动名词等时，反意疑问句的主语一律用it.What he said is wrong, isnt it?To learn English well isnt easy, is it?Taking care of our environment is very important, isnt it?13.陈述部分主语everyone / everybody, someone /somebody, nobody, no one等表示人的不定代词时，反意疑

10、问句的主语常用they，但也可用he。Everybody knows the answer, dont they? / doesnt he?Everyone is here today, arent they? / isnt he?Someone borrowed my knife yesterday, didnt they? Somebody is waiting for you, arent they?Nobody came when I was out, did they? 我在外时，没人来过，是吗？ No one can answer the question, can they?14

11、.当陈述部分含有few, little , no, nothing , nobody , no one , hardly(几乎不)，seldom(很少)，never 等表示否定含义的词时，反意疑问句要用肯定形式。Few people can answer the question, can they?There are few apples on the tree, are there?There is little milk in the glass，is there？There is no air on the moon, is there?The students can see not

12、hing in the room, can they? No one here can dance, can they? 这里没有人会跳舞，对吗？Kate is never late for school, is she?He has never been to Shanghai，has he？他从没去过上海，对吗？He can hardly（几乎不）swim, can he?15.如果陈述句部分是带有否定前缀或后缀构成的派生词时，虽意思是“不”，但反意疑问句仍要用否定形式。Its impossible for him to make such a mistake, isnt it? 他不可能

13、犯这样的错误，是吗？ It is unfair（不公平的）, isnt it?Tom is unhappy today, isnt he?He is quite careless（粗心的，大意的）, isnt he?16.陈述句部分有have / has / had时，反意疑问句的谓语须根据具体情况而定。1）当have /has /had 用作行为动词，表示“有、吃、开会”等时，反意疑问句只能用do的适当形式。He has a lot of books，doesnt he？He doesnt have any money in his pocket, does he?His mother ha

14、d lunch at home yesterday，didnt she？The students have a meeting once a week，dont they？2) .have用在祈使句时,反意疑问句按祈使句来处理。Lets have a rest, shall we?Have a cup of tea, will you?3). 陈述部分含have to结构，反意疑问句部分要用do 的适当形式。I have to clean the room now, dont I?Jim has to go there on foot, doesnt he?She had to look af

15、ter her mother last week, didnt she?4). 当陈述部分是由“助动词have / has + 过去分词”构成的现在完成时的时候，因have 或 has 此时是 助动词，无实际意义，所以反意疑问句部分只能用have / has 的适当形式。You have been to Beijing, havent you? You have never seen the film, have you?He has had lunch, hasnt he?Your brother has gone to the library, hasnt he? 你弟弟去图书馆了，是吗？

16、 17.当陈述句部分有情态动词must时，反意疑问句有以下几种情况 :1). must表示“必须、禁止“时，反意疑问句要must 或mustnt 。You must work hard next term, mustnt you?You mustnt stop your car here, must you? 你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？ 2).当must用来表示对现在的情况进行“推测”时，反意疑问句要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。 Tom must be very tired, isnt he? She must be at home, isnt she? 3.)当must用来表示

17、对过去的情况进行“推测”（must + have done）时，如强调对过去情况的推测（一般句中有过去的时间状语），反意疑问句要用didnt + 主语；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有过去时间状语），反意疑问句要用havent / hasnt + 主语。 She must have read the novel last week, didnt she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说了，是吗？ They must have seen the film last week, didnt they?You must have told her about it, havent you? 你一定把这事告诉她

18、了，是吗？They must have stayed here for a long time, havent they? 18. 感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用否定形式。 What a clever boy（he is ）, isnt he? = How clever the boy is, isnt he?What a lovely day (it is), isnt it?What fine weather (it is), isnt it?How hard she works, doesnt she?19. 当陈述部分是一个（带that引导宾语从句的）主从复合句时，反意疑问句的主谓一般要和

19、主句的主谓保持一致。 He said (that) Lucy wanted to visit Japan, didnt he?但是，当陈述部分的主语是： I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect， I suppose等结构时，反意疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句的主语，谓语保持一致，而且要注意到否定的转移问题。I think she is out，isnt she？I dont think he is right, is he?I believe he will pass the exam, wont he?注意 ：当陈述句的主语是第二，第三人称，谓语动词是 t

20、hink / believe / suppose / imagine/expect等后接宾语从句时, 反意疑问句应对主句进行提问。You think she is a good teacher, dont you? Mary thinks you will come to the meeting, doesnt she? 20.反意疑问句的答语： 1）.当陈述部分为肯定式，反意疑问句为否定式时，其回答一般只需照情况回答即可。-He likes playing football, doesnt he? -Yes, he does. 是的。 / No, he doesnt. 不是。2). 当陈述部

21、分为否定式，反意疑问句为肯定式时，其回答要由事实来确定。事实是肯定的，就用“Yes肯定结构”；事实是否定的就用“No，否定结构”。在译为汉语时，yes译为“不”，no译为“是的”。-This isnt your book，is it-Yes，it is mine不，是我的。/ No，it isnt mine.(是的，不是我的。) Its Toms.-They havent been to the Great Wall，have they？ -Yes，they have.不，他们去过。/ No，they havent.是的，他们没去过。三反意疑问句专项练习：1.He is very intere

22、sted in learning English，_ _?2. She goes to school by bike, _ _?3. He can read the book in the room, _ _?4. Mr. Green bought nothing yesterday, _ _?5. Few people want to go there, _ _?6. Lets sing an English song together, _ _?7. Lucy had a party last Sunday, _ _?8. What an interesting story, _ _?9.

23、 Theres a police car over there, _ _?10. Everything is OK, _ _?11. She can hardly believe her eyes, _ _?12. Theres little milk in the glass, _ _?13. Dont play football in the street, _ _?14. I think he can do it, _ _?15. Shes read a lot, _ _?16. Shes reading the newspaper, _ _?17. Everybody is here, _ _?18. She is unhappy, _ _?19. There are few books in his bag, _ _?20. I have never been to Beijing, _ _?21. There is nothing in the glass, _ _?22. I dont think Tom is at home, _ _?23. Lucy came here three days ago, _