新概念3自学课件_Lesson_14_A_noble_gangster

1、Gangster: a group of people who are often involved in crime or drugs and who often fight against other groups. a gang of thieveslrobber：抢劫犯：抢劫犯l thief/pickpocket：扒手：扒手l shoplifter：商店盗窃犯：商店盗窃犯l burglar：入室盗窃犯：入室盗窃犯lhooligan 小流氓；无赖ldestroy 完全破坏；消灭eg. destroy a house, destroy ones hopelruin 彻底破坏；毁灭eg. T

2、he fire ruined the books in the library. ruin ones hope 使希望破灭ldamage 部分损失；损害，损坏eg. damage a car, damage a buildinglspoil 损坏, 搞糟, 宠坏, 溺爱（抽象的）eg. spoil a holiday, spoil a childlwreck 破坏，(由于或好象由于相撞而)导致毁坏eg. wreck a car, wreck ones hope/planlhire vi. （1）（短期，体力）雇佣 （2） （暂时）租赁 Phrase: hire sth (out) to sb

3、把租给别人 hire sth from sb 从别人那租到eg. We hired an advertising company to help us sell our new software.He hired a car for two days. Why dont you hire out your spare room to other people, and earn some money?You may hire a suit from the shop for your wedding.lemploy v. （长期，脑力）雇佣eg. We employed him as an a

4、dviser.He was employed by that company as a programmer.employee 雇员、职员employer 雇主、老板lrent v.（长期）租赁 Phrase: rent sth (out) to sb 把租给别人 rent sth from sb 从别人那租到eg. We rented a house from Mr. Wang.Mr. Wang rented a house to us.llet v. 出租 Phrase: let sth to sb 把租给别人eg. He let his house to the students for

5、 a term.ldedicate v. Phrase: be dedicated to sth 献身于.dedicate oneself to sth / dedicate ones life to sth 献身于.dedicate . to sb 把(作品)奉献给某人dedicate to sth 花费（时间，精力）在某事上eg. He is dedicated to science.He dedicated his life to the service of his country. He dedicated his first book to his mother. He dedic

6、ates his Saturdays to football.lmemory：n记忆 （sweet memories)lMemorable:adj. 值得纪念的, 难忘的lmemorial纪念物, 纪念馆,lmemorize 记住, 记忆lmemorandom(memo)备忘录lPlease close your text books. Listen to the tape of the text carefully and try to answer the following question: How did Sir Hawkwood make money in times of pea

7、ce? (He and his men would burn down a few farms and then demand protection money from the city-state.) lRead the text by yourselves and pay attention to the usage of the verb “have”.lExplain the text: qThere was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money

8、 to gangsters in return for “protection”.(1) Structure: “when” introduces an attributive clause to modify “a time”. “when”引导定语从句修饰“a time”。(2) Phrases: have to do: objective necessity 客观必要性 in return (for): as a repayment (for), in exchange (for)作为(.的)报答eg. I wish I could do something in return for

9、his kindness to me.I gave him a Christmas present but he gave me nothing in return. I teach him English in return for the Japanese lessons he gives me.lExplain the text: qIf the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. (1) Structure:

10、“If” introduces a conditional clause. “If”引导条件状语从句。(2) Phrase: put sb out of business 使破产 put sth/sb + adv./prep. + n.: place in a certain position or situation 使处于某种位置或状态下eg. Put the matter out of your mind.Youve put me out of patience.Youve put me in a bad temper.The police have put the man in pri

11、son.lExplain the text: qAs long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters. . (1) Structure: “that” introduces an appositive clause to modify “the rem

12、arkable discovery”(2) Phrases: as long ago as: as early asas + adv. / adj. + as: used for emphasis, usually used in written English 用来表强调，常见于书面语中eg. I saw him as recently as yesterday.He ll come back as late as next month.The teacher came to school as early as 7:00. lExplain the text: qAs long ago a

13、s the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters. (2) Phrases: would rather do than doeg. Id rather go with you than stay here.Id rather do my homework now than

14、put it until tomorrow.have sth done 使被做eg. I had my finger cut when I was cooking yesterday.He had his car crashed into the wall. lExplain the text: qHe soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto.Phrases: make a name for oneself / make ones name 出名，成名eg. He m

15、ade a name for himself as a concert pianist. 他以交响乐钢琴演奏家成名。She first made her name as an actress.她当初是以演员而出名的。be known to sb (as) （以）为.所熟知eg. Zhou Xingchi is known to the audience as “a farce star”.He is known to the police as a pickpocket.lExplain the text: qWhenever the Italian city-states were at w

16、ar with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. (1) Structure: “whenever” introduces an adverbial clause of concession; the main clause consists of an attributive clause introduced by “who” to modify “princes”; then in the attribu

17、tive clause “(that) he demanded” is another attributive clause to modify “the high prices”.“whenever”引导让步状语从句；主句中出现了一个由“who”引导的定语从句来修饰“princes”；定语从句中又出现了一个定语从句“(that) he demanded”来修饰“the high prices”。lExplain the text: qIn times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into

18、a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them.(1) Paraphrase: In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and after they had burnt down a few farms, they would offer to go away if protect

19、ion money was paid to them.lExplain the text: qIn times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them.(2) Structure: “when” introduces an adverbial clause of time; t

20、he main clause is made of a compound statement connected by “and”; then in the second clause of the compound statement if” introduces an adverbial clause of condition. “after burning down a few farms” is a “prep. + gerund” phrase used as adverbial of time.“when”引导时间状语从句；主句是一个由“and”连接的并列句，并列句的第二个分句内又

21、出现了由“If”引导的条件状语从句。“after burning down a few farms” 是一个“介词介词+ 动名词动名词”组成的短语做时间状语。 lExplain the text: qWhen he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of “the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Gio

22、vanni Haukodue”.(1) Structure: “when” introduces an adverbial clause of time; the main clause is made of a compound statement connected by “and”; then in the second clause of the compound statement “which” introduces an attributive clause to modify “a picture”. “when”引导时间状语从句；主句是一个由“and”连接的并列句，并列句的第

23、二个分句内又出现了由“which”引导的定语从句修饰“a time”。 lExplain the text: qWhen he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of “the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue”.(2) Phrases: have sth done:

24、ask the professional to do sth 请专业人员做(compare with II 3(4)eg. My hair is long. Ill have it cut tomorrow.to the memory of: 为了纪念，以纪念eg. He founded the school to the memory of his late wife.The monument was built to the memory of the heroes died in the revolution. What does the title mean?Gangster: A m

25、ember of an organized group of criminals; a racketeer 歹徒，暴徒, 有组织犯罪团伙中的一员；诈骗犯Noble: 1, Possessing hereditary rank in a political system or social class derived from a feudalistic stage of a countrys development 贵族的2, Having or showing qualities of high moral character, such as courage, generosity, or

26、 honor 高尚的，崇高的, 有或表现出极高的道德品质的，如勇敢、大度或人格lRead the text after the tape. Pay attention to the stress and intonation and where to stop.lTry to ask each other the comprehension questions in pairs without looking at the text. (P67 Summary writing)lsums: amountslpromptly: immediately, timely, without delay

27、lobtaining: getting, acquiringlremarkable: notable, unusuallsettled: established, resided, went to livelhire: rent, letldemanded: required, asked forRead the following passage and tell the usage of “have”:l Fish and chips has always been a favourite dish in Britain, but as the oceans have been over-

28、fished, fish has become more and more expensive. So it comes as a surprise to learn that giant fish are terrifying the divers on North Sea oil rigs. Oil rigs have to be repaired frequently and divers, who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet under water, have been frightened out of their sp

29、ecial cages made to protect them from these monsters. The fish are not sharks or killer whales, but favourite eating varieties like cod and skate which grow to unnatural sizes, sometimes as much as twelve feet in length. Three factors have caused these fish to grow so large: the warm water round the hot oil pipes under the sea; the plentiful supply of food thrown overboard by the crews on the rigs; the total absence of fishing boats around the oil rigs. As a result,