初中英语语法课件：定语从句

1、The Attributive ClauseLi Ming is a boy.Li Ming is a good boy .Li Ming is a good boy .形容词作定语形容词作定语介词短语作定语介词短语作定语在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句作定语叫做定语从句。 zxxkwgoodwith glasseswho is wearing glasses句子作定语句子作定语何谓定语从句？何谓定语从句？顾名思义，作定语的句子就叫作定语从句。顾名思义，作定语的句子就叫作定语从句。定语从句所修饰、限定的词叫定语从句所修饰、限定的词叫先行词先行词。什么是定语从句？什么是定语从句？ The m

2、an who I talked with is our teacher.定语从句通常跟在和它发生关系的先行词定语从句通常跟在和它发生关系的先行词之后，它与先行词有着不可分割的联系。之后，它与先行词有着不可分割的联系。它通常是由它通常是由关系代词（关系代词（who，whom， whose，that，which，as）和和关系副词关系副词（where，when，why， how）来引导。来引导。关系代词关系代词、关系副词关系副词在从句中需担当成在从句中需担当成分，但无实际意义。初中阶段我们只要分，但无实际意义。初中阶段我们只要理解理解who，that，which这几个关系代这几个关系代词所引导的定

3、语从句即可。词所引导的定语从句即可。 组卷网组卷网（2）He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man不到长城非好汉。（先行词是不到长城非好汉。（先行词是He） 1关系代词关系代词who。关系代词关系代词who在从句中作在从句中作主语，它的先行词是指人的名词或代词。例主语，它的先行词是指人的名词或代词。例如：如：(1）Find the boy who is wearing a red shirt找出穿红衬衫的那个男孩。（先行找出穿红衬衫的那个男孩。（先行词是词是 the boy） 2关系代词关系代词that。关系代词关系代词that

4、在从句中可作在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语。作宾语时，主语、宾语、表语。作宾语时，that可省略。可省略。它的先行词可以是指物的名词或代词，也可以它的先行词可以是指物的名词或代词，也可以是指人的名词或代词。是指人的名词或代词。 例如：例如：1）She told her mother all that had happened她把所发生的事情都告诉了她的母亲。（先她把所发生的事情都告诉了她的母亲。（先行词是行词是all，that在从句中作主语）在从句中作主语） （2）Ill buy you the bike（that）you saw in the shop yesterday我要给你买昨天你在商店

5、里看到的那辆自行我要给你买昨天你在商店里看到的那辆自行车。（先行词是车。（先行词是the bike， that在从句中作宾语）在从句中作宾语） （2）Have you got anything which youd like to buy？你有想要买的东西吗？（先行词是指物的代词你有想要买的东西吗？（先行词是指物的代词anything，which在从句中作宾语）在从句中作宾语） 3关系代词关系代词which。关系代词关系代词 which在从句中作主在从句中作主语或宾语，其先行词是指物的名词或代词。例如：语或宾语，其先行词是指物的名词或代词。例如：（1）They first went to a

6、large room which looked like a shop他们首先到一个很大的看起来像个商店的房他们首先到一个很大的看起来像个商店的房间去了。（先行词是指物的名词间去了。（先行词是指物的名词a large room， which在句中作主语）在句中作主语） 4、who， whom， whose who 在定语从句中作主在定语从句中作主语，语， whom 是是 who 的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，而而 whose 则是形容词性物主代词，在从句中作定语。则是形容词性物主代词，在从句中作定语。如：如： Whos that woman (whom) you ju

7、st talked to ? 你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁?而而 whom 作定语从句中介词作定语从句中介词 to 的宾语，可以省略，的宾语，可以省略，而在现代英语中，句首的而在现代英语中，句首的 whom 也常常可用也常常可用 who代代替。替。 This is our classmate， Mary， whose home is not far from our school。 这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。 6、 除关系代词外，还有关系副词，除关系代词外，还有关系副词， when， where， why，

8、其中其中 when用来指时间，在定语用来指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如：从句中作时间状语。如： I never forget the day when I first came to the Great Wall 而而 where 则指地点，如：则指地点，如： This is the house where the old man lives 请看下面例句：请看下面例句：1 That is the restaurant where I will meet you2、 July is the month when the weather is usually the hottest Exer

9、cise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1. The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3. I hate people _ talk much but do little.4. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white

10、is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2. 1. My father and his teacher talked about something_

11、 they couldnt remember.2. Say all _ you know.3. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who

12、is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词

13、指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.1.2.3.4.将 下 列 每 组 句 子 改 写 为 带 有 定 语 从 句 的 复 合 句1. The nurse is very kind. She looks after my little brother. _ 2. We watched the play “Tea house”. The play “Tea house” was written by Lao She._3. The medicine was quite helpful. Dr Li gave it to me._4. The train started at 5:00 p.m.

14、Mike missed it. _5. The letter is from my uncle. 1 received it three days ago.答案：1The nurse who looks after my little brother is very kind.（照顾我小弟弟的那个护上很慈善。who是关系代词，指的是护土。在定语从句中做主语。可用that代替who） 2We watched the play “Teahouse” which was written by Lao She（我们看了老舍写的话剧“茶馆”。which是关系代词，指的是话剧。在定语从句中做主语。可用th

15、at代替which） 3The medicine which Dr Li gave me was quite helpful（李医生给我的药很有用。which是关系代词，指的是药。在定语从句中做宾语。可用that代替Which。可省略。） 4The train which Mike missed started at 5：00 p.m（麦克没赶上的那趟火车是下午5点钟出发的。which是关系代词，指的是火车。在定语从句中做宾语。可用that代替which。可省略。） 5The letter which I received yesterday is from my uncle（我昨天我昨天收到

16、的那封信是我叔叔寄来的。收到的那封信是我叔叔寄来的。which是关系代词，指的是信。在定语从句中做是关系代词，指的是信。在定语从句中做宾语。可用宾语。可用that代替代替which。可省略。）可省略。） 6. Cream, butter and cheese are the same kinds of food which are all made from milk. They make you fat._7. The man is in the next room. He brought us the letter yesterday._8. He did not attend the m

17、eeting. He told me the reason._9. The student studies very hard. Her father is a worker._10. Im going to visit the farm. My uncle works there._ 6Cream，butter and cheese are the kinds of food which make you fat.（冰激凌、奶油和奶酪是使你变胖的食品。which是关系代词，指的是kinds of food。在定语从句中做主语。可用that代替which。） 7The man who bought us the letter is in the next room（给我们带信的人在隔壁房间。who是关系代词，指的是那个人。在定语从句中做主语。可用that代替whe）8He told me the reason why