高中英语module4教学资料unit4grammar

1、grammaranswer key for exercise 1.defence, likely, italy, canteen, represent, dash, approach, association, cheek, flightdiscovering useful words and expressions:answer key for exercise 2.approached, jordan, cheek, curiously, dashed, misunderstood, contraryanswer key for exercise 3.crossroads, adult,

2、major, dormitory, greeted, representing, association, spoken, colombia, curious, flight 一一: v-ing 形式由形式由 “doing” 构成构成, 其其否定形式是否定形式是 “not doing”, v-ing可以可以带宾语或状语构成带宾语或状语构成v-ing短语短语, 没有人没有人称和数的变化称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变但有时态和语态的变化。化。grammarv-ing 形式形式语态语态时态时态一般式一般式完成式完成式主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态(not) doing(not) being d

3、one(not)having done(not)having been done (not ) going(not) having gone1. 作定语作定语 v-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语修饰语, 这时有两种情况。这时有两种情况。1) a swimming pool = a pool for swimming a sleeping car = a car for sleeping2) a sleeping child working people the rising sun3).they are visitors coming from severa

4、l countries. the boy standing there is a classmate of mine.the discussion being held now is about how to approach the problem.2. 作状语作状语 可以表示时间可以表示时间, 原因原因, 结果结果, 条件条件, 让步，让步，行为方式或伴随动作等。行为方式或伴随动作等。using your head, youll find a good way.条件条件 working hard, he still failed.让步让步1) four people entered the

5、 room looking around in a curious way. = four people enter the room and looked around in a curious way. (伴随动作伴随动作)2) being poor, he couldnt afford a tv set. (原因原因)3) working hard, youll surely succeed.条件条件4) the boy sat in front of the farm- house, cutting the branch.伴随伴随5) he came running back to t

6、ell me the news. 方式方式6) (when) hearing the news, he got frightened. = when he heard the news, he got frightened. (时间时间, 可以在分词前保留可以在分词前保留when) 7) the child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. 结果结果attention please -ing形式作状语时形式作状语时, 它的逻辑主语必须与它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。主句的主语是一致的。time permitting

7、, i will pay a visit to the whole city. (分词的逻辑主语是分词的逻辑主语是time, 而句子的主而句子的主语是语是i, 两者不构成主谓关系两者不构成主谓关系, 所以只能所以只能用独立主格结构用独立主格结构, 也就是给现在分词补也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。充一个主语。)8) 与逻辑主语构成独立主格：与逻辑主语构成独立主格：i waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard.我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。all the tickets having been sold out, the

8、y went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。time permitting, well do another two exercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用有时也可用with (without)+名词（代词名词（代词宾格）宾格）+分词形式分词形式with the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。他点着灯睡着了。1. when he approached ms smith, he touched her

9、 shoulder and kissed her. _ _ ms smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. rewrite the following sentences.when approaching2. the person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. the person _ _ _ can speak seven languages.translating the songs3. the boy standing there is reading a

10、 book about body language. the boy _ _ _ there is reading a book about body language.who is standing4. because he comes from jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. _ _ jordan, he moves close to ask you a question.coming from5. she sat at the desk and did her homework. she sat at the desk _ _

11、_.doing herhomework1. the glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, _ in the natural light during the day. a. to let b. letting c. let d. having let2. _that she didnt do a good job, i dont think i am abler than her. a. to have said b. having said c. to say d. saying3. when

12、ever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing. (江苏江苏2006) a. saying b. said c. to say d. having said4. dont sit there _ nothing. come and help me with this table. a. do b. to do c. doing d. and doing5. _ in the queue for half an hour, tom suddenly r

13、ealized that he had left his wallet at home. (北京北京2004) a. to wait b. have waited c. having waited d. to have waited用动词的用动词的-ing形式改写下列句子。形式改写下列句子。1. the picture that hangs on the wall is a world-famous one. the picture _ on the wall is a world-famous one.2. because he hadnt received an answer, he de

14、cided to write another letter to him. _ _ _ an answer, he decided to write another letter to him.hangingnot having received3. when he sees the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown. _ the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown.4. because it is sunday, there are no students in the school. it _ _, there are no students in the school. seeing being sunday5. he hunted all the shops and looked for a nice present for his mother. he hunted all the shops, _ _ a nice present for his mother.looking for 1. having not seen the film, i cant tell you what i think o