学生版备战2010届高考英语复习-情态动词(学案)Word版

1、专题十 情态动词【考纲解读】每年的高考英语的单选题(15个)中就有一、二个是对情态动词和虚拟语气的测试。试题的特征不会有显著变化，即：立意仍将不偏不怪，情景仍将逼近真实，设问角度仍将综合化和细微化。情态动词重点情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”，情态动词表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。【知识要点】情态动词2 / 16 6、ought to的基本用法(l)表示根据某种义务或必要“应当”做某事，语气比should强，例如：Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations. (2)表示推测，注意与must

2、表示推测时的区别：He must be home by now .(断定他已到家)，He ought to be home by now .(不十分肯定)，This is where the oil must be.(比较直率) ，This is where the oil ought to be. (比较含蓄) ；(3)“ought + have+ 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而 实际未做。例如：You ought to have helped him. (but you didnt) 这时，ought与 should可以互相换用。注意，在美国英语中ought to 用于否定和疑问句时to可以

3、省略。例如：Ought you smoke so much? You oughtnt smoke so much.12、would的基本用法(1)would作为will的过去式，可用于各人称，表示过去时间的“意志”或“决心”，如：He promised he would never smoke again. (2)在疑问句中，用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或许问对方的意愿时，比用will的气更加婉转，如：Would you like some more coffee? (3)在日常生活中，学用“I would like to”表示“我想要”或“我愿意”之意，以使语气婉转，如：I wou

4、ld like to do Ex.2 first. (4)would可以表示过去的习惯动作，比used to正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如：Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class. / During the 【考点诠释】考点一、情态动词基本含义的考查 情态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。例如： 1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone_get out. A. had

5、 to B. would C. was able to D. could 解析：考查情态动词的基本含义。had to：不得不； would：表示意愿或过去常常；could倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力；was able to 表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。因此，答案是C。 2. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he_your lecture. A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attended C. mustnt have attended

6、 D. shouldnt have attended 解析：couldnt have done: (过去)不可能做某事； neednt have done:本来不必做某事；mustnt have done:一定未做过某事： shouldnt have done:本不该做某事。根据提供的情境My sister met him at the Great Theatre表明他不可能参加讲座。答案是：A。 3.Mr Bush is on time for everything. How_it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B.

7、 should C. may D. must 解析：can表示可能性。布什先生按时做一切事，他怎么可能开幕式迟到呢？答案是：A。 4.I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter? It_true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be 3.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I_so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldnt eat B. mustnt have e

8、aten C. shouldnt have eaten D. mustnt eat 解析：该句所表达的意思是刚才我不因该吃那么多炸鸡，而实际上是吃了那么多，可以判断用shouldnt have eaten. 答案是 C。 分析：高考对情态动词表示虚拟用法，表示与过去事实相反的情况。近几年高考，主要侧重should （not）have done 这一句式上，表示本来不该做却做了或本来该做却未做的事，在复习时，还应关注其它几种虚拟形式，如need (not)have done 表示本来需要做而未做或本来不需要而做的事等等，以做到有【高考链接】1.（09安徽）29. Some people who

9、dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.A. must B. may C. should D. would【答案】B【解析】考察情态动词的用法.前半句为” 有些人不喜欢讲很多话未必就是因为害羞,”后半句应该为”他们可能是比较安静的人.”2,（09北京）25. One of the few things you _ _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. ne

10、ed B. must C. should D. can【答案】D。【解析】考查情态动词的用法。关于英国人你可以肯定的一点是他们谈论很多的天气。用can表示可以，能够，所以正确答案为:D。不能选C，should是表示责任和义务的。3.(09重庆卷)32. -Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? -She in the classroom. I saw her there just now. A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been 【答案】C。 【解析】根据语境知道问现在在哪里，而第二句

11、话是指我刚才见到他在教室里，由此可以肯定，她现在一定在教室里，是对现在的肯定推测。 4.（NMET2008山东，24）Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. A. can manage B. could have managedC. could manage D. can have managed【解析】根据题干中所给出的时间last week可知我们已经做完了工作，已经完成，故排除A、C两项，再结合could have done表示虚拟语气以及与前面的I dont think，

12、故说话者想表达的意思是：离开了你，我们本不可能完成这项工作。故答案为B项。5.(NMET2007 江苏)She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam.I guess so. Its not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might【解析】句意为：她看上去很高兴，一定是通过了考试。【答案】C6.(NMET2008全国II) Liza _ well not want to go on the trip - she hates traveling. A. will B. can

13、 C. must D. may【解析】may well为固定搭配，意为：很可能，极有可能。【答案】 7.(NMET2008四川) Although this _ sound like a simple task, great care is needed. A. must B. may C. shall D. should【解析】这听起来或许是一项简单的任务，但却需要极大的细心。【答案】B8. (NMET2008重庆)I cant find my purse anywhere. You _ have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should

14、 D. would【解析】结合语境可知，回答者是在提醒对方：或许购物时把钱包丢了。【答案】A9. (NMET2008陕西)-What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?-Well, it _ be big-thats not important. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 【解析】Something big?此处意为：Must it be big? 回答者的意思是：房子不必太大那并不重要。【答案】B 10(2008上海春)When I was young, I was told tha

15、t I _ play with matches A. wouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. darent【解析】当我年轻的时候，（家人）就一直告诫我千万不要玩火柴。【答案】C11 (NMET2008上海) According to the air traffic rules, you _ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. mayB. can C. wouldD. should【解析】should此处表示根据交通法规应尽的责任和义务。【答案】D12(NMET2008北京) John promised his doctor he _ not smoke and he has never smoked ever since. A. might B. should C. could D. would【解析】