英语时态讲解

1、 常用英语时态总结一般现在时1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如：They raise ducks as a sideline .他们以养鸭为副业。She doesnt often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常给家里写信，仅一月一封而已。

2、I cycle to work every day .我每天骑自行车上班。It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。这里的目的是为了描述现阶段的动作或状态，其重点不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态。例如：He can speak five foreign languages .That is a beautiful city .Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. She majors in music .她主修音乐。3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。顾名思

3、义，客观的情况是没有时间概念的；也不会在意动作进行的状态。例如：The sun rises in the east .日出东方。The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。Ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。Light travels faster than sound .光的速度比声音的速度快。4) 主将从现：当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如：Ill tell him the news when he comes back.If you take the job

4、 , they will talk with you in greater details.一般过去时: 主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作一般过去时由谓语动词的过去式表示，也就是说动词词末要加-ed（除不规则动词外）。常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有：last night (week ,month , year , century , etc.) , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning ( afternoon , evening ) , in 1

5、999 , two hours ago ( one week ago , tree years ago , )等等。否定句式：didnt+动词原形，或 waswerenot； 疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词 例如： Did he work for us? He didnt work for us. He worked for us. 一般将来时主要用来描述将要发生的动作或存在于未来的情况。这里所说的“将来时间”是指“说话、写文章那一刻以后的时间”。它的表示方法主要有如下几种：1）shall / will + 动词原形这种表示方法是说，动作在现

6、在或目前还未发生，要在将来的某个时间内发生；它没有主观性，是“纯粹的将来动作”。例如：I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天没空。 He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵达这里。2) be( am / is / are ) + going +不定式这种表示方法主要是说明 A）“说话人的意图、打算”；B）“某种可能性”。例如：A) He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他打算在伦敦度假。Who is going to speak first? 谁先发言？B) It

7、 is going to rain soon .马上要下雨了。If you go to New Zealand, you are going to like the place.3) be( am / is / are ) + to do表示按计划安排要发生的动作，这个动作发生的时间一般不会很远； 要求或命令他人做某事。例如：A) The new bridge is to open in three days. B) You are not to bring any mobile communication means into the exam-room . 任何移动通讯工具都不得带入考场。

8、4)按时刻表计划安排要发生的事”。例如：The plane takes off at 11:00 a.m. 那架飞机上午一点起飞。过去将来时表示过去的某时以后将要发生的动作. 常用于：A）宾语从句或间接引语中；B）表示过去情况中的“愿望”、“倾向”。例如：She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day. Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with some housework.He was about to go out when someone knocked

9、 at the door.现在进行时：基本结构：主语+be+v.ing 1）“说话、写文章的当刻”正在发生的动作。：例如:They are having a football match .She is writing her term paper.2）“现阶段”一直在进行的动作。说某个动作在当前一段时间内一直在进行着，或是重复地发生着。：例如:He is preparing for the exam.My father is writing a novel.3）表示说话人的情感，如：赞许、批评；喜欢、厌恶等。例如：He is always thinking of others , not o

10、f himself . （表示赞许）。She is often doing well at school. （表示满意） One of my roommates is constantly leaving things about.（表示不满）我的一个室友老是乱扔东西。 4）表示在近期按计划或安排要发生的动作,用于这种情况仅限于少量的动词，如：go , come , leave ,arrive , see , have , lunch( 吃午饭 ) , return, dine ( 进餐，尤指晚餐 ) , work , sleep , stay , play , do , wear( 穿，戴

11、) 等例如：Im dinning out with my friends this evening.We are having a holiday next Wednesday. 过去进行时: 概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。At this moment yesterday, I was doing my homework.When I came to see her last time, she was writing an article. 肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它 否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它 一般疑问句及答

12、语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它 ；特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它 现在完成时概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 时间状语：already，yet, so far recently, lately, since,for+一段时间,in the past few years, etc. 基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done) 肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+

13、其他 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他 He has worked for us for ten years. Has he worked for us for ten years.? By now, I have learnt 2500 words.So far weve only discussed the first five chapters.注意：1.现在完成时不能与如：yesterday , last week ( month , year , etc. ) , two weeks ago , in 1999等时间连用；2. 在以when提

14、问的特殊疑问中不能用现在完成时。另外，ago不能用于现在完成时的句子里， 过去完成时: 概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。 时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.基本结构：主语+had+过去分词(done) 肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他 否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词+其他 一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had 否定回答：No,主语+hadnt 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（had+主语+过去分词+其

15、他） 语法判定: （ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night. （ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learnt over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.现在完成进行时概念：在过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或

16、状态一直持续到现在并且还在进行have/has been +v-ing 分词 I have been teaching English for 11years.英语时态练习1.I will tell him as soon as he _ backA. come B. comes C. will come D. came2. Mary _ on shoes when she _ them.A. triesbuys B. tries buies C. trys buys D. trys buies3. The girl often _ cold when she _.A. cathcsdance

17、s B. catches dances C catchsdancees D. catches dancee4. _ he _ himself there? No, I dont think so. A. Doenjoy B. Does enjoies C. Does enjoys D. Doesenjoy5. _ your teacher _ from them very often? Certainly.A. Dohear B. Doeshear C. Do receive D. receive6. _ your mother _ some cleaning on Sundays?A. Do

18、esdoes B. Dodoes C. Doesdo D. Do do7. _ Tom _to work hard to help his family ? Yes, he _.A. Has xdoes B. Hasxdoes C. Doeshashas D. Does havedoes8. Which teacher _ lessons to you every day ?A. does gives B. does give C. do give D. gives 9. Smith does not go fishing on weekdays, _? _ , he does.A. does

19、 heNo B. does heYes C. doesnt heNo D. doesnt heYes10.Mr Black often _ fishing on Sundays, _ he ?A. goesdoesnt B. goesisnt C. doesnt godoes D. doesnt gois11.He usually _ TV on Sunday evening.A. watch B. watches C. watching D. is watching12. Well go to play with snow if it _ tomorrow.A. snow B. snows

20、C. will snow D. snowed13. Neither I nor he _ French. A. speak B. doesnt speak C. speaks D. doesnt speak14. Nobody _ how to run this machines.A . know B. have known C. knows D. is knowing15. The Young Pioneer _ water for the old man every day.A. carry B. bring C. takes D. carries16. Some are _ in the

21、 river and some are _ games.A. swimming playing B. swimmingplaiingC. swimming I playing D. swimmingplaing17. Look ! The boy students are _ football while the girls are _ .A. playing dance B. playing dancingC. play dancing D. play dance18. He _ to do his lessons at eight every evening.A. is beginning

22、 B. is beginning C. begin D. begins 19. _ he _ on well with his friends this term ?A. Doesgets B. Doesget C. Isgetting D. Isgeting20. Mr Smith _ short stories, but he _ a TV play these days.A. is writingis writing B. is writing writesC. writes is writing D. writes writes21. I _ to the cinema. I _ th

23、ere every Sunday.A. gogo B. am going go C. go am going D. am goingam going22. Look, they_ a good time, _ they ?A. havedo B. havedont C. are havingare D. are having arent23. You _ about the future now, _ you ?A. dont thinkdont B. arent thinking arentC. dont think do D. arent thinking are24. She alway

24、s _ something whenever she _.A .studiedplayed B. studiedplaied C. studiedplaied D. studied played 25. He often _ late in the forest. It _ me very much.,A. stayedworried B. staied worriedC. stayedworryed D. staied worried 26. I _that the boy _ with no tears in his eyes.A. noticed cryed B. noticed cri

25、edC. noticedcried D. noticed cryed27. We _the floor and _ all the windows.A. mopped cleanned B. moped cleanedC. moppedcleaned D. moped cleaned28. When I _ the Childrens Palace, the children _ with joy.A. visited jumpped B. visited jumped C. visited jumped D. visited jumpped 29. _ a sports meet last

26、Sunday ? Yes , they _.A. Did they have did B. Did they have had C. Had they had D. Had they did 30. _ you _out for a walk after supper ? Yes, I _.A. Didwentwent B. Did go went C. Did went did D. Did go did31. _ Jack _ on with his work or _ to have a rest? A. Did went stopped B. Did go stopC. Did wen

27、t stop D. Did go stopped32. You gave them a talk two days ago, _you ? Yes, I _.A. did did B. did gave C. didnt did D. didnt gave 15 BABDB 610 CDDBA 1115 BBCCD 1620 CBDCC21-25 BDDDA 2630 BCBAD 3133 BCC英语被动语态用法小结一、语态概述: 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak Chine

28、se. （speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的）被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 英语English是动词speak的承受者。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：amis/arespoken一般过去时：waswerespoken一般将来时：willshall bespoken现在进行时：amisare beingspoken过去进行时：was/wer

29、e beingspoken现在完成时：havehas beenspoken过去完成时：had been + spoken三、被动语态的用法1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。Your homework must be finished on time.你们的

30、家庭作业必须及时完成。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a

31、tree. A tree was cut down by him.五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词be过去分词”构成。We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.六、特殊情况He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday. 被动语态同步达标练习 .单项选择1 .The medicine_ in a

32、 dry and cool place .A .keep B .must keep C .must be kept D .must be keep 2.Today ,the forests have almost gone .People must_down too many trees A .stop to out B .stop from cuttingC .be stopped to cut D . be stopped from cutting3 .The key _ for locking the classroom door . A .uses B .is used C .is u

33、sing D .use4 .A new school_over there in two years . A .may build B .may be built C .is built5 .Computers are very useful .For example ,they can_sending e-mail . A .use for B .be used of C .be used for D .use of6 .What a nice garden !It_every day . A .is cleaning B .has cleaned C .must clean D .is cleaned7 .This work _next week . A .may finish B .finish C .finishes D .may be finished8 .My house_in 1995 .We have lived there for nea