英语专四问题汇编

1、学生错误分析1. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ( )答案是could be ,为什么不是it could be 呢 答案是应该选择could be,而不能用上it could be。as。as在比较状语从句中意思是和。一样，这句翻译成中文就是他们一起站在那里尽可能自然闲适的交谈着。前一个as是副词，后一个则是连词，而这个连词在此句中充当主语的成分就像I have never seen so much rain as fell that February.这的as也是一样的成分，很特殊。2. Its self-e

2、vident that no one would have time to know everything_going on in world.选项有A. there isB. as is C. it is D. what is答案选了B.为什么不选A 呢 很明显，没有人有时间知道这个世界上发生的所有事。我觉得答案应该选A ，b觉得说不通，选A是因为 这是个定语从句，整句应该是Its self-evident that no one would have time to know everything that there is going on in world.选A省略了that,我们知道

3、，定语从句的关系代词只有that可以修饰everything或something，which不可以，但同时that又可以省略。这句还可以变成Its self-evident that no one would have time to know everything that is going on in world.Its self-evident that no one would have time to know everything going on in world.都可以成立，但是语法结构不同no one would have time to read and listen to

4、 an account of everything_going on in the world. A it is B as is C there is D what isC与上同理3. _we often shake hands.B. Being introduced to sbD. On being introduced to sbD 为什么正确Being 表原因 由于 作为4. _I must do another experiment.A. Be it ever so lateB So late it be everA 为什么正确be引导的让步状语从句也要进行部分倒装,例句如下:Be i

5、t rain or not, the football game will be held as planned.这个是一个运用了倒装的让步状语从句.把be提前了.还原为以:whether .or .引导的让步状语从句.把句子还原:Whether it rain or not ,the football game will beheld as planned.不过这种句型一般的结构是:be+主语+表语+or+表语.be”引导的让步倒装句。Whether or从句倒装1省略关系词whether2系动词置于主语之前，且必须是原形即Be + 主语 + 表语+ or + 表语， 主句.。1)原句 am

6、/is/areWhether + 主语 + was/were +表语1 + or + 表语2，主句。 情态动词+be2)转化为省略whether 主表倒装的句型 Be + 主语 + 表语1 + or + 表语2， 主句。 (这里只能是Be，系动词原形)例句：1) Whether she is rich or poor, he will take her as his wife.Be she rich or poor, he will take her as his wife. 无论她是贫穷或富有，他都会娶她为妻。2) Whether he isthe king or slave, he wil

7、l be punished.Be (he) the king or slave, he shall be punish. (这里用he 后面shall是虚拟语气)无论他是国王还是奴隶，都应被处罚。3) Whether she be right or wrong, she will have my support.Be she right or wrong, she will have my support.不管她是对还是错，我都会支持她的。be it ever(never)so和let it be ever(never)so结构，这里，be it中的be是古英语假设语气的遗留形式，现代英语则使

8、用let it be。ever so和never so都表示同一意思，都表示very。 例句 Be it ever so humble (let it be ever so humble), home is home.Be it ever so late:迟就迟吧！Be it ever so hard:难就难吧！（再难也.） 5. It was _ we had hoped.B. A success more thanC. As much of a success as选什么C这像我们想象的一样成功It was as much of a success as we had hoped.此句要表

9、达的意思是“这正是我们所期望的一大成功”。此题考查的是一个asas比较结构，即“as much of a +可数名词单数+as”。和这种表达相类似的结构还有“as little of a+可数名词单数+as”，“more/less of a+可数名词单数+than”。例如：It was as little of a success as we had imagined.这个小小成功和我们之前想象的一样。Do you know Tims brother? He is more of a sportsman than Tim.你认识Tim的兄弟吗？他比Tim更有运动员风尚6. As 和though

10、区别，Gentle as he is 表让步状语As只能倒装 though可倒可不倒（口语中倒装多）as引导让步状语从句的用法：引导让步状语从句时，as意为“虽然，尽管”，通常从句要倒装，倒装的方法是将从句的表语或状语放在as之前，而用though引导让步状语从句时句字则不必倒装（口语中也可倒装）。e.g. Heavily as it was raining outside, they started out very early.Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或Young though he is, he.他虽然年轻，但懂

11、得很多。(though也有这种用法，可以替换as,但although没有这种用法)though还可以用作副词，放在句末。如：It was hard work; I enjoyed it, though=It was hard work, but I enjoyed it.那工作很苦，但是我喜欢干。7. Printed words + play an important role in.play an important role in.一般用role的单数，起作用（不确定）8. He is believed _ this question.A. To think B. To be thinki

12、ng C.that he is thinkingB 用主动来翻译，人们相信他正在考虑这个问题。A不选是因为用主动翻译是指人们相信他想这个问题，在这里to think 不表示将来时，如用 to be going to think,可以。C不选是因为用主动翻译是指人们相信他他在考虑这个问题，不合逻辑。9. You must have got up late this morning,_?A. mustnt B. Havent C. Have you D. Didnt you选DYou must work hard next term, mustnt you表示必须时，这样用当must 表“一定”等

13、推测意义 He must be very tired, isn t he? He must have waited here for a long time, hasnt he?You must have seen the play last week , didnt you. 10. If he had but known she was ill. I would have visited her adv.（副词）Merely; just; only:仅仅；只；只有：hopes that lasted but a moment.希望仅仅持续了片刻Used as an intensive:用作

14、加强语气：Get out of here but fast!立刻从这里滚出去!11. That在主语从句和表语从句同位语从句中不可省略，宾语和定语有的可以省略。12. Make up构成；组成：One hundred years make up a century.一百年构成一个世纪被动：be made up of12._ bad weather it is today.A. What a B. What C. How D. How a B有些不可数名词前如果有形容词要加a，但不是所有的都是这样。高中阶段主要就三个单词education, history, knowledge.有些不可数名词，

15、特别是表示自然现象的名词，常可以和不定冠词和形容词连用，表单数概念。如： aheavyrainaheavysnowaheavysmokeagoodsweat athickfogagoodlightagreatfireaclearsky 用作可数名词的抽象名词比方说history作“历史”抽象概念名词讲的时候是不可数的，前面没有关系。但是可以说a long history.前面加了修饰语long,可以表示具体的。的历史，前面可以加冠词。有些名词不成立的，比如说weather13.The teacher _expects his student to pass the university ent

16、rance examinations.A. Confidently B. AssuredlyAAB相似但B是古旧用法，现在基本不用了。assure oneself of sth 使某人对某事深信不移，rest assured 放心（正式文体）14. Two of the children have to sleep in one bed, but the other three have _ ones.A. separate B. SingularA 其他3人每人一个枕头Singular 单数的还有非凡的意思。15. Am I to understand that his new post _

17、 no responsibility with it at all?A. carries B. hasA have responsibility for 人发出的动作Carry/bear responsibility for 主要是指物16. run outSb run out of money/energyMoney/energy is running out/runs out 不被动17. every time 与every day 区别。 every time 可引导句子？ “One of the great lessons of taking part in TV-Turnoff We

18、ek is the realization that_ I turn on the TV, Im deciding not to do something else,” Vespe said. A every day B every time 答案是B 注解说every day后面要加when， 为什么every time 不用，every day用？1. 原因很简单，因为every day只是一个副词短语，在句中只能做状语，它不是连词，不能引导时间状语从句，所以后面必须还要用when来引导I turn on the TV这个时间状语从句。2. 而every time不但可以做副词单独做状语，

19、翻译为“每一次”；而且它还可以充当连词，引导时间状语从句，意思是“每一次.的时候”，所以这时它后面无须再加连词when.如：I saw her parents every time I went to visit her.每一次我去拜访她的时候，我都看见了她的父母亲。所以everytime不加when,仔细想一下，Myheartwillgoon：everytimeinmydream.还有一首著名的歌everytimeyoudoaway.18. Suppose that/Supposing that 可用， 没有supposed that 这种说法。19. If not _ with the r

20、espect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.A. being treatedB. TreatedB. 原句应该是If he is not treated.If not一般省略主语和be动词（谓语be动词或词句的被动助动词）20. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别。Fact news idea thought reply report remark 等抽象名词，后用that（非正式语体可省）It is a question how he did it.Reason whyJohn,

21、my dear friendA report that he stole was sent to the police.这句有歧义，如report抽象 意思为报告： 关于他行窃的报告已送到警察局。此句同位语从句如report具体 意思为报告书： 他所盗窃的一份报告已送到警察局。此句定语从句21Slow a slow dayCharacterized by a low volume of sales or transactions:不景气的：以少量的销售或交易为特征的：Business was slow today.现在生意不景气Quiet the quiet season after Chri

22、st Business is quiet at this time of a year.生意淡Slack a slack business season Slack demandadj.松弛的, 不流畅的, 疏忽的, 软弱的, 漏水的, 呆滞的, 懒散的Low low season表淡季，22 Extra ：多于或超过通常的、正常的、意料 work bus再派一辆车 extra time 加时赛Additional 附加的另外的，charges 外加的费用 supplies 外加的供应Supplementary adj.附助的，补助的， benefit补助金 a papment, alectu

23、reSurplus 剩余额：超过需要的总额或数量additional, extra, supplementary这些形容词均有“另加的，额外的”之意。1. additional ：由名词additon派生出的形容词，指在原有基础上添加上去的。eg: Passengers have to pay additional charges for their extra luggages.（旅客们超量携带的行李要额外付费。）2. extra ：指不包括本身而额外加上去的部分。eg: The ship was loaded down with extra cargo.（船上又额外加装了货物。）3. su

24、pplementary ：由名词supplement派生而来，指对原有的追加或补究。eg: There is a supplementary water supply in case the main supply fails.（万一主水源断了, 我们另外有供水的地方。）23 Sign signal mark区别Signn.标记, 符号, 记号, 征兆, 迹象, 征候v.签名(于), 署名(于), 签署Signalv.tr.（及物动词）To make a signal to:向发信号：I signaled the driver to proceed.我打信号让那个司机通过markn.标志, 分

25、数, 痕迹, 记号vt.做标记于, 打分数, 标志vi.作记号24ObtainRetain vt.保持, 保留GainAchieveAcquire habit/knowledgeobtain, acquire, gain,这组动词的一般含义是“得到”。obtain包含着“努力”、“希望”或“决意”去获得某物的意思。The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts. 那位新闻记者立即着手获取这些重要的资料。Ordinary people would then be able to use them to obta

26、in valuable information.那时平常的人便能运用它们去获取宝贵的信息。gain有obtain的含义，但更强调目的物需要努力奋斗才能得到，而且这种东西具有价值，特别是物质价值。During that time, she so gained my aunts confidence that she was put in charge of the domestic staff.在这期间，她得到了我姑姑如此的信任，结果被委任为家仆的负责人。gained a small fortuneA penny saved is a penny gained.省一文是一文。(谚语)Achiev

27、e实现：经努力或克服困难而达到，To accomplish something successfully.获得：达到预期目的，如愿以偿acquire虽然含有“努力获得”的意思，但更强调在原来的基础上自然增长或新的增添After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.接到把车开出城的指令后，我的信心增长了。这些动词均含“获得、取得、得到”之意。1）acquire ：强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。We shouldacquire more f

28、irsthand information.（我们应当取得更多的第一手资料。）I tried to acquire the information I needed.（我千方百计地搞到了我所需要的资料。）2）obtain ：较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。3）Ordinary people would then be able to use them to obtain valuable information.（那时平常的人便能运用它们去获取宝贵的信息。）3）gain ：侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。During that time

29、, she so gained my aunts confidence that she was put in charge of the domestic staff.（在这期间，她得到了我姑姑如此的信任，结果被委任为家仆的负责人。）Apenny saved is a penny gained.（省一文是一文。）4）get ：普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside.（我坐在公共汽车的前部，以得到有利于观赏农村风光的机会。）5）win

30、：主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。This invariably wins them the love and respect of others.（这种行为常常为他们赢得别人的爱戴和尊敬。）6）earn ：侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。His achievements earned him respect and admiration.（他的成就为他赢得别人的尊敬和赞美。）7）secure ：强调要通过努力或竞争，或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。Can you secure me two good seats for the concert?（你能为我弄到这场音乐

31、会的两个好座位吗？）25In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick,_action.Determined demanding decisiveCDetermined 表示坚决的，修饰人，decisive修饰事情26 Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remained _Motionless immobile inactive stagnantD.不景气的：不发展和停滞的或没有前进或活动迹象；不发展

32、或前进的：a stagnant economy.停滞的经济不活泼的：缺乏活力或活泼的；懒惰的或愚笨的：a stagnant mind.愚笨的头脑27 Mr. White has two sons who have become doctors.表示不止两个儿子。28He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _ he was twenty years ago.That whom.That定语从句中，在从句里做表语一般用that，还有只带人和物，the same one that, everything some

33、thing ,the only等后都用that。29 Gift AbilityCapacityGeniusTalent 区别Gift。gift在人群中是不多见的，即使奋力争取也是很难获得的ability， capacity， talent这些名词都表示某人具有取得进步或成功的素质。Ability is the power, mental or physical, to do something: Ability 是指智力或体力上具有做某事的能力：Capacity refers to an innate potential for growth, development, or accompli

34、shment: Capacity 指天赋的，如生长、发展或成功的潜力：学习能力，心智能力：学习或吸取知识的能力；大脑的智力接受力，吸收力：接收、容纳或吸收的能力Talent emphasizes inborn ability, especially in the arts: Talent 强调天生的才能，尤其是在艺术方面。，具有这种天赋的人应该把天赋掌管妥当，从而收到最佳效果。或者说具有talent的人应通过勤奋去获得知识及技能。Genius天才：有超常智力和能力的人：1. ability, capacity, capability, genius, talent, competence, f

35、aculty, gift, aptitude这些名词均可表示人的“能力，才能”之意。ability: 普通用词，指人先天的或学来的各种能力。eg: 1. The ability to use a language can be acquired by the ct of using the language.运用语言的能力只能能通过不断练习才能获得。2. His ability is limited.他的能力有限。capacity ：侧重指人的潜在能力，通常不指体力，多指才智，尤指接受与领悟能力。eg: 1.Their reasoning capacity must be developed.

36、他们的推理能力必须加以培养。2. His capacity of accepting knowledge helps him to be the top student in his class.他接受知识的能力使得他成为班里的第一名。capability ：多用于人，指胜任某项具体工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜在能力。常与of或for连用。eg: 1. Not by age but by capacity is wisdom acquired.智慧的获得是依靠才能而不是年龄。2. The little girl has great capability as a singer and

37、 should be trained.这个小女孩很有当歌手的才能,应该加以训练。genius: 语气最强，指天赋的高度才能与智力。eg: 1. Mozart showed genius even at the age of six, when he began to compose minuets.莫扎特六岁时就开始创作小步舞曲, 展露才华。2. Einstein was a mathematical genius.爱因斯坦是数学天才。talent: 着重指人某方面具有可发展和倍养的突出天赋才能，但语意比genius弱。eg: 1. He was a man of many talents.他

38、是一个多才多艺的人。2. There was a lot of talent in this company.这个公司有很多人才。competence: 正式用词，侧重指令人满意的业务能力与水平，达到胜任某项工作等的要求。eg: We knew her competence in solving problems.我们都是知道她解决问题的能力。faculty: 指特殊的才能或智力。eg: An unerring faculty for detecting hypocrisy is one of her most useful attributes.能无误地看出伪善的能力是她身上最有用的特征之一

39、。gift: 着重个人的天赋的才能或在某方面的显著本领，常暗含不能用一般规律作解释的意味。eg: 1. Her tactfulness is a remarkable gift.她的机敏是一种非凡的天赋。2. This diplomat possessed an excellent gift for repartee.这位外交官具有卓越的应对才能。aptitude: 多指先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力，常暗示接受能力强，能迅速掌握一种学术训练或艺术技巧。eg: That student has an aptitude for mathematics.那个学生有数学方面的天赋。30. “_ bo

40、th sides accept the agreement _ a lasting peace be established in this region.”A Only if，will; B If only,would;C Should,will;D Unless,would Aonly if +从句（用过去完成时），主句用一般过去时吗 only if 只有当(只是在.的时候) 用法：置于句首时，主句要倒装。例句：Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school. 我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学 Youll pass

41、this course only if you study. 只要你学，你就会通过这门课。only if 和If用法相似，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时 31.If only the patient（）a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics，he might still be alive now. A had received；B received；C should received；D were receiving A这是虚拟语气，if only 意思上相当于How I wish，这句是混合虚拟，前十对过去的虚拟，后一句是

42、对现在的陈述32. Adequate sufficientThe degree to which poor nutrition affects susceptibility to colds is not yet clearly established, but an _diet is suspected of lowering resistance generally.Unsustainable inadequate insufficient excessiveBsusceptibility n.易感性, 感受性, 感情, 物磁化系数Unsustainable 不能证实的 不能成立的, 不能

43、支持的 inadequate insufficient Excessive adj.过多的, 过分的, 额外sufficient adequate意思都含“充分的”、“足够的”。2.sufficient 用于正式文体中, 指“分量或数量足以满足需要的”在数量上是足够的，多的,Sufficient time /money /fuelThe food is sufficient for a week.食物足够一周用。adequate 指“足够符合特定(有时可指最低)的资格、分量、才能等”着重“符合一个客观要求或标准的”,在表示充足的含义上前者更强调足够用来做某事表示在数量或质量上足以满足特定的标准

44、,强调刚好够用,没有多余. 如:To be healthy one must have an adequate diet.一个人想要健康, 必须有足够的规定饮食。1. adequate的用例The school does not have adequate sports facilities. 这学校没有足够的运动设施。his wages are adequate to support three people. 他的工资足够养活三口人。He had adequate money for the cost of the journey. 他有足够的饯应付旅途开支。The government

45、should have taken more adequate measures. 政府应该采取更恰当的措施才对。I hope you will prove adequate to the job. 我希望你能证明你胜任这项工作。He sought for adequate expression of his gratitude. 他设法找寻表达他感激之情的恰当语言。For a long time, China has lacked adequate forests, causing many catastrophes. 长期以来，中国都缺乏充足的森林资源，造成了许多灾难。2. suffici

46、ent的用例The food was both bad and insufficient. 食物既差又不够。Our problem is not having sufficient raw material. 我们的问题是原料不足。She has sufficient knowledge for the work. 她有足够的知识干这种工作。He was tried for theft but got off because there wasnt sufficient evidence against him.他因某宗盗窃案而受审，但因证据不足而被无罪释放了33 Language belon

47、gs to everyone in the world, to the professor, _to the beggar.The same as as much as34. Its our _ that the new economic policy will bring great prosperity to this company.Confidence conviction insurance35. Over 350 million people speak English as their _ language. Native mother language36 as 的用法。37.

48、这句话是Clothes can be bought ready made,washing can,food can,milk arrives on the .答案是doorstep，我选的是doorway，不知道有什么区别？ doorway主要指门口，有些泛，doorstep强调门口的台阶，就是门前的踏脚处，我们订牛奶一般放在那，放太远不合适，所以doorstep更准确另外，doorway用in搭配，所以这题的准确答案应该是doorstep38.was discussing design principles with two members of the Windows Phone desi

49、gn team when he was introduced to a grid the team has been using on the platform.当他与Windows手机设计团队的两名成员一起讨论设计原则时,有人介绍他加入一向由PLATFORM公司该团队操作的网络研发平台.39.TV is an electronic revolution made possible by the marriage/unification of TV and computer sciences. 答案是选的marriage，为什么不能选unification呢？marriage有紧密的结合的意思

50、，unification是统一，一致，联合的意思，常用语计算机语言中，是新兴单词，用的范围有限，在这前者更说的通。40. At the United Nations Climate Change Conference ,the UN Secretary General pointed out that,_,the climate situation would get worse and worse.A.if not dealing with properly. B.unless dealing with properlyC.if properly dealt with D.unless pr

51、operly dealt with. 我选的是A，答案是D！为什么properly要放在动词词组前面嘞，还是跟这个前后unless的用法问题？不好意思啊，最后一句话应该是：还是跟这个前后顺序没有关系，是if和unless的用法问题 我选D，我觉得这题是比较普通的语法题，AD的区别不是properly是否要放在动词词组前面，而是过去分词和现在分词的区别，the climate situation 和 deal with关系肯定是被动的，应该是the climate situation被deal with，所以选D，没有问题 41. 这个是03年的52题。He is quite worn out

52、from years of hard work. He is not the man_he was twenty years ago.A.which b.that c.who d.whom 这里为什么不能用whom而要选that呢？ 在这个定语从句中，the man这个先行词在从句里做表语，（he was the man）,这种先行词在从句中充当表语成分的关系代词一般用that，还有只带人和物，the same one that, everything something ,the only等后都用that。42.This company has now introduced a policy

53、_pay rises are related to performance at work. A.which B.where C.whether D.what 老师这是96年的真题。答案是B 我想问为什么C不可以 选B where = in which, 即in this policy pay rises are related to performance at work. Whether一般引导同位语从句，放在这个句子中莫名其妙。有一些先行词，如point, stage, position, case, policy, condition等，属于抽象的地点名词，需要接where引导的定语从

54、句。There is one point where Id like your advice.有一点，我想听听你的建议。A condition where the parking brakes do not hold will most probably be due to a wheel brake component. 不能按住手煞车的情况最大的可能是由于车轮煞车部件的原因。You reach a point in your project where you just want to get the thing finished.从事任何项目你都会进入一种境界：一心想完成它。Ive re

55、ached the stage where I just dont care any more.我已经到了一种什么都不在乎的地步。We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.在我们的处境下可能会损失打量金钱。There are cases where this rule does not hold good.在一些情况下，这个规则是不适用的。This company has now introduced a policy where pay rises are related to performance at work.这家公司引进一种政策：薪酬与工作表现挂钩。Have you ever been in a situ