CATTI-2017笔译综合实务考题和参考译文.doc

1、“ It all traced英译中It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial lossesfor a mult in atio nal compa ny.区区电子邮件里的一个单词，导致一家跨国公司遭受巨大经济损失。The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to acolleague for whom En glish was a sec ond Ian guage. Un sure of the word,the reci

2、pie nt found two con tradictory mea nings in his dicti on ary. Heacted on the wrong one.这封电子邮件是由一位英语母语人士用英语所写，而邮件接收人则是一位以英语为第二语言的同事。该同事收到邮件后，发现该单词在字典里有两个截然相反的意思，他拿捏不准，并最终选择了那个错误的意思。Mon ths later, senior man ageme nt in vestigated why the project hadflopped, cost ing hun dreds of thousa nds of dollar

3、s.backto this one word,” says Chia Sua n Chong, aUK-based com muni cati onsskills and in tercultural trainer, who did nt reveal the tricky wordbecause it is highly industry-specific and possibly iden tifiable.“ Things spiralled out of con trol because both parties were thinking theopposite.”数月过去，该跨国

4、公司的高管开始调查这个项目失败并损失几十万美元的原因。谢宣童( Chia Suan Chong ) 是一名交流技能和跨文化培训师，供职于一家总部设在英国的机构，她说：“所有的调查线索最终指向这个单词”。谢宣童没有透露具体这个单词，因为该单词是某行业专用词汇，透露该单词可能暴露这家跨国公司的身份。她还说：“由于双方的理解截然相反，事件不断升级，最终失控。”When such misunderstandings happen, its usually the nativespeakers who are to blame. Iro ni cally, they are worse at deliv

5、eri ngtheir message tha n people who speak En glish as a sec ond or third Ianguage, accord ing to Chong.出现此类误解，责任在于英语母语人士。谢宣童认为，耐人寻味的是，英语母语人士在传递信息方面比以英语为第二语言或第三语言的人士要糟糕。A lot of n ative speakers are happy that En glish has become the worlds global la nguage. They feel they don t have to spe nd time

6、lear ningano ther Ian guage,” says Chong.谢宣童说：“众多英语母语人士对于英语成为世界通用语感到窃喜，因为他们觉得这省去了学习其他语言的麻烦。”The non-n ative speakers, it tur ns out, speak more purposefully andcarefully, typical of some one speak ing a sec ond or third Ian guage.Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others tofollo

7、w, and use jokes, sla ng and refere nces specific to their own culture, says Chong.谢宣童说，事实上，非英语母语人士，特别是会讲第二语言或者第三语言的 人士，在传递信息时更加谨慎、目的性更强，而英语母语人士在讲话时通常 语速过快导致别人听不懂，并且他们话语中还夹杂着笑话、俚语及自己文化 特有的事物。“ The native English speakeris the only one who might not feel theneed to accommodate or adapt to the others,

8、” she adds.谢宣童补充说：“唯有 英语母语人士认为没必要体谅对方或为对方着想。With non-native English speakers in the majority worldwide, itsAn gloph ones who may n eed to up their game.由于世界上非英语母语人士居多，所以英语母语人士该停止那套旧做法。“ Native speakers are at a disadva ntage whe n you are in a lin guafranca situati on,” where En glish is being used

9、as a com mondenomin ator, says Jennifer Jenkins, professor of global En glishes atthe UK s University of Southampton.“ It s the native Englishspeakersthat are hav ing difficulty un dersta nding and making themselvesun derstood.”詹尼弗 ?詹金斯 ( Jenn iferJe nkins) 是英国南安普敦大学的全球英语教授，她说：“母语各不相同的人士在一起采用英语为通用语进

10、行沟通时，英语母语人士处于不利的境地，这是因为英语母语人士在理解其他人讲的英语方面存在障碍，而其他人在理解英语母语人士的英语方面也同样存在障碍。”Non-n ative speakers gen erally use more limited vocabulary and simplerexpressi ons, without flowery Ian guage or sla ng. And the n therescultural style, Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to aproposal by saying,“ That s interes

11、ting” a fellow Brit might recognise thisasunderstatement for,“ That s rubbish.” But other nationalitieswould take the word“ in teresti ng” on face value, he says.非英语母语人士在讲英语时，通常使用数量有限的词汇和简单的表达方式，不花哨，也不夹带俚语。此外，还有文化因素，布拉特纳（Blattner）说一个英国人在评论一项提议时说“That s interesting” （“蛮有趣”），此时，另一个英国人会把这句话把理解为“太垃圾”的含蓄

12、说法，而其他国家的人则只会取“interesting” （有趣）的字面意思进行理解。“ En glish speakers with no other Ian guage ofte n have a lack ofaware ness of how to speak En glish intern ati on ally.”“不会讲其他语言的英语母语人士在讲英语时，通常缺乏国际意识。”In Berlin, Coulter saw German staff of a Fortune 500 company being briefedfrom their Californian HQ via vi

13、deo link. Despite beingcompete nt in En glish, the Germa ns glea ned only the gist of what theirAmerica n project leader said. So among themselves they came upwith an agreed versi on, which might or might not have bee n what wasin ten ded by the California staff.科尔特（ Coulter）在柏林看见一家世界500 强公司的德国员工通过视

14、频连线听取加州总部的情况通报。德国员工虽然英语不错，但只留心美国项目领导讲话的要旨。对于该情况通报，德国员工内部达成一致意见，而这个意见与加州项目领导的意思可能相同或者可能相左。“ Too many non-An gloph on es, especially the Asia ns and the Fren ch,are too concerned about not los ing face and nod appro vin glywhile not gett ing the message at all,” he says.科尔特说：“太多非英语母语人士，特别是亚裔人士和法国人，他们由

15、于太怕丢面子而只会点头赞同，实际上却一点都没听懂。”That s why Nerriere devised Globish a distilled form of English,stripped down to 1,500 words and simple but standard grammar.“ Its not a Ianguage, it s a tool,” he says. Since launching Globish in2004he s sold more than 200,000 Globish text books in 18 Ianguages.有鉴于此，奈易耶（Ne

16、rriere）发明了全球化英语（Globish），这是一种简洁英语，将英语词汇限制在1500 字左右，并采用简单、标准的语法。奈易2004年推出全球耶说：“全球化英语不是一种语言，而是一种工具。”自化英语以来，用 18 种语言编写的全球化英语教材销量逾20 万册。“ If you can com muni cate efficie ntly with limited, simple Ian guageyou save time, avoid misinterpretation and you don t have errors in com muni cati on, ” Nerriere s

17、ays.奈易耶说：“能用有限的词汇、简单的语言进行高效沟通，既节省时间，又避免误解，消除了沟通中的错误。”Whe n trying to com muni cate in En glish with a group of people withvarying levels of fluency, its important to be receptive and adaptable,tuning your ears into a whole range of differe nt ways of using En glish,Jenkins says.詹金斯说，在与一群英语流利程度不一的人士用

18、英语进行沟通时，保持包容和体谅，并接受各种各样的英语表达方法，这很重要。“ People who ve learned other Ianguages are good at doing that, butn ative speakers of En glish gen erally are mon oli ngual and not verygood at tuning in to Ian guage variati on,” she says.詹金斯说：“学习了其他语言的人士在这点上就做的很好，而英语母语人士通常只会英语这个单一语言，他们不大适应英语的其他变种。”In meet in gs

19、. An glopho nes tend to speed along at what they con sider a normal pace, and also rush to fill gaps in conversation, according to Steggles.斯戴格尔斯 ( Steggles) 认为，英语母语人士在开会时倾向于按自己认为正常的语速说话，在对话中则急于传递信息。He recomme nds mak ing the same poin ti n a couple of differe nt waysand ask ing for some ack no wled

20、geme nt, react ion or acti on.斯戴格尔斯建议采用多种方式表达同一个意思，并且需要对方做出一些认可、反应或行动。中译英气候变化已不是单纯的环境保护问题，而成为人类生存与发展问题。中国需要改变以煤为主的能源结构和高污染、高能耗的产业结构，以治理环境和应对全球气候变化。同时，积极应对气候变化也是中国参与全球治理的责任，也是实现可持续发展的迫切需要。中国作为世界最大的发展中国家，需要积极推动经济与能源的转型，以推动全球可持续发展。Climate change is more than an environment issue; it also affectshuma n

21、existe nee and developme nt. To clea n up the en vir onment andaddress global climate cha nge, China n eeds to upgrade itscoal-ce ntered en ergy mix and in dustrial structure that leads to highpolluti on and high en ergy con sumptio n.At the same time,address in g/combat ing climate cha nge is China

22、 s resp on sibility inglobal gover nance and an urge nt requireme nt for susta in abledevelopment. As the world s largest developing country, China needs topromote econo mic tran sformati on and the upgradi ng of en ergy mix.长期以来，中国高度重视气候变化问题，把积极应对气候变化作为国家经济社会发展的重大战略，把绿色低碳发展作为生态文明建设的重要内容，采取了一系列行动，为应

23、对全球气候变化做出了重要贡献。到2020 年单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降，非化石能源占一次能源消40%-45%费总量的比重达到15%,森林面积比 2005 年增加 4000 万公顷，森林蓄积量比 2005 年增加 13 亿立方米。China has attached great importance to climate change for years. It has integrated climate cha nge measures into n ati onal strategies for econo micand social developme nt, and gree n and low-carb on developme nt intoefforts to make ecological progress. Also, Chi na has adopted a series ofmeasu