语法口诀MicrosoftWord文档

1、人称代词有主格和宾格之分,怎样使用它们呢?请看下面的口诀:人称代词分主/宾，只有八对要区分。你（们）、它主/宾同一形，其余主/宾须分清。I是主格me是宾，请你一定记在心；主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾。you是主格，也是宾，请你一定记在心;主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾。he是主格him是宾，请你一定记在心；主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾。she是主格her是宾，请你一定记在心；主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾。it是主格,也是宾，请你一定记在心；主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾。we是主格us是宾，请你一定记在心；主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾。you是主格,也是宾，请你一定记在心；主格用在动词

2、前，动词介词后用宾。they是主格them是宾，请你一定记在心；主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾i是主格me是宾，请你一定记在心；主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾。you是主格，也是宾，；he是主格him是宾，she是主格her是宾，it是主格，也是宾，we是主格us是宾，you是主格，也是宾，they是主格them是宾。主格宾格一定要分清。用例子告诉他。 如 He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 他就是主格。主语一般用在开头。 my 我的，就是物主代词。表示xxx的。 Let me see. 让我瞧瞧。beside me 在我旁边， 动词介词后面接宾格。1、现在进行时：动作正进行，要

3、用进行时。主语在句首，amisare跟在后，现在分词跟着走，其他成分不可丢。一般问句这样变，把be提到句前去，否定句式也简单，be后只把not加。2、一般现在时：现在经常做的事，要用一般现在时。第三人称作主语，动词后面加s/es。其它人称作主语，动词只需用原形。3、一般将来时不久将要发生事，记住要用将来时。Be 加goingto，后面跟着动原形。Be的形式要记住，随着主语随时变。还有一种表达法，will后要加动原形。4、一般过去时事情已发生，要用一般过去时主语在句首，后面跟着动词过去式。动词过去式，变化有规律，还有特殊变化要牢记。小学英语四种时态总结1一般现在时。主要描述经常会发生的动作、状态

4、或不变的真理。句末常出现every day/week/year/Monday , in the morning, 句中常有always, usually, often, sometimes组成：主语+be+名词（形容词）I am a student.He is tall.否定句：在be 后加notI am not a student.He is not tall.疑问句：be 动词提前到第一位。Are you a student?Is he tall?Yes, I am. / No, I am not.Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.主语+动词+地点+时间We go to

5、school on Monday.He goes to the park on Sunday.否定句：主语+dont/doesntt+动词原形+地点+时间We dont go to school on Monday.He doesntt go to the park on Sunday.疑问句：在句首加do或doesDo you go to school on Monday?Yes, we do./ No, we dont.Does he go to the park on Sunday?Yes, he does./ No, he doesntt.动词单三变化：1. 在原单词末尾加s , 如：

6、like likes2. 单词以o, sh, ch, s, x 结尾加es, 如：go goes3. 单词末尾为辅音+y结尾去y加ies 如：study- studies2. 现在进行时：主要叙述正在发生的事情。句末常出现now, 句首常出现look, listen组成：主语+be +动词ing形式I am reading English.They are swimming.He is playing football.否定句：在be后加notI am not reading English.They are not swimming.He is not playing football.疑问

7、句：将be 放到第一位。Are you reading English?Yes, I am./ No, I am not.Are they swimming?Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Is he playing football?Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.动词变ing形式：1.在动词末尾加ing. 如：play- playing2. 末尾有e 要去e加ing. 如：ride riding3. 末尾以辅音元音辅音结尾 双写末尾一个辅音如：swim-swimming3. 一般将来时。 主要描述将来要发生的事情。句末常出现next Mo

8、nday/week/ year, tomorrow组成：主语+be going to +动词原形I am going to visit Ann.They are going to draw a dog.She is going to ride a horse.否定句：在be后加notI am not going to visit Ann.They are not going to draw a dog.She is going to ride a horse.疑问句：将be提前Are you going to visit Ann?Yes, I am. / No, I am not.Are th

9、ey going to draw a dog?Yes, they are./ No, they arent.Is she going to ride a horse?Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.组成：主语+will+动词原形I will go to the library.They will clean the house.She will eat breakfast at home.否定句：在will 后加not 或将will not 写为wontI will not go to the library.They will not clean the house.

10、She will mot eat breakfast at home.疑问句：将will 提前Will you go to the library?Yes, I will./ No, I wont.Will they clean the house?Yes, they will. / No, they wont.Will she eat breakfast at home?Yes, she will. /No, she wont.4一般过去时：主要描述过去发生的事情. 句末常出现last night/week/Monday/year, yesterday, ago组成：主语+动词过去式I wa

11、s a pilot.They were busy.He went to the market.否定句：在be后加not在普通动词前加didnt 动词恢复原形。I was not a pilot.They were not busy.He didnt go to the market.疑问句：提前be 动词或在句前加didWere you a pilot?Yes, I was./ No, I wasnt.Were they busy?Yes, they were./ No, they werent.Did they go to the market?Yes, they did. / No, th

12、ey didnt.动词变过去式：1. 在原次末尾加ed 或d如：play-playedlike-liked2. 辅音加y 结尾去y加ied 如：study-studied3. 辅音元音辅音结尾双写最后一个字母加ed 如：stop-stopped特殊变化：can-coulddo-dideat-atego-wenthit-hitpit-putsit-satcome-cameget-gothave-hadsee-sawbegin-begangive-gavewin-wonread-readam/is-wasare-wererun-ranhear-heardhide-hidlay-laidcut=cu

13、twake-wokefall-fell连系动词be是am, is, are三者的原形，一般不直接出现在句子中，而是以am, is, are的形式出现。它们各有分工，而且随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。am最专一，始终跟着I转；are 跟you, we及表复数名词或复数意义的词连用；is的交际最广泛，is与“他、她、它”形影不离，至于名词单数，指示代词（this/that）都与is结下不解之缘。一、一般现在时1.定义：表示经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态，通常与时间状语usually、often、always、sometimes、every day、once a week连用。例如：Sheoft

14、enreadsnewspapersaftertsupper。她经常在晚饭后看报。2.一般现在时还可以表示客观事实或普遍真理。例如: Theearthmovesroundthesun。地球围绕太阳转。3.主语为第三人称（他、她、它、人名）单数时，其后动词也要变成相应形式即复数形式。例如：Mikeevery daygoestoschool.4含be动词/含实义动词的基本句型：a肯定句：主语+be动词的一般现在时（am/is/are）+例如：Heisaboy./主语+动词的一般现在时+，例如：Heusuallygoestoschool。b一般疑问句：Be+主语+例Isheaboy？肯答Yes, he

15、 is；否定答：No，heisntDo/Does+主语+动词原形+例Does he go to school usually?Yes he does/No he doesntc特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词原形。例whatishisname？特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形。why does he go toschool usually？二、现在进行时1.定义：表示现在正在进行的动作或行为。2.现阶段两种用法：第一、表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。例如Isitsnowingnow？现在在下雪吗？第二、表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但说话时动作不一定正在进行。例如：Heistrans

16、latingabook.他正在翻译一本书。3基本句型：a肯定句：主语+be（am/is/are）+动词现在分词+例She isreading abook。b一般疑问句:Be+主语+动词现在分词+?例：Isshe readingabook？肯定回答：Yes, she is。否定回答：No，sheisntc特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词现在分词+例whoisreadingabook？三、一般过去式1.定义：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。一般过去式没有人称和数的变化，句中的动词一律用过去式。2、be动词/行为动词一般过去式的基本句型：a肯定句：主语+be（was/were）+例Hewas

17、busyyesterday。他昨天很忙/主语+动词的过去式+例Heplayedtennislastweek。他上周打网球了。b否定句：主语+ be（was/were）+not+例如Hewasnotbusyyesterday。/主语+did not+动词原形+例Hedidnotplaytennislastweek。c一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+例如：Washebusyyesterday?肯定回答：Yes, he was；否定回答：No，hewasnt/Did+主语+动词原形+？例如：Didheplaytennislastweek。肯定回答：Yes，hedid。否定回答：No，hedidn

18、td特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+？例：whywereyoubusyyesterday？特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+？when did he play tennis last week？四一般将来时：1.定义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。2.be going to+动词原形，表示说话者明确的打算或确信会发生的事。a肯定句：主语+be（am/is/are）goingto+动词原形+其他。例如：Heisgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow。b否定句：主语+be（am/is/are）notgoingto+动词原形+

19、其他。例如：Heisnotgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow。c一般疑问句：be（am/is/are）+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？例如：Ishegoingtoplayfootballtomorrow？Yes, he is/No，heisntd特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be（am/is/are）+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？例如：Whatareyougoingtoplayfootballtomorrow？3.Will/Shall+动词原形，表示将要发生的动作或行为。（Will任意人称/shall只能第一人称）a肯定句：主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他。例如：Iwillcallyoutonight。我今晚会给你打电话。b否定句：主语+will/shall not +动词原形+其他。例如：Iwillnotcallyoutonight。c一般疑问句：Will/Shall +主语+动词原形+其他？例如：Willyougotothezootomorrow？Yes, I will ;No，Iwontd特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+will/sha