换热器、热网加热器计算示例

1、莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂

2、莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃

3、蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀

4、葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁

5、薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂

6、膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀

7、腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀

8、芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁

9、芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿

10、芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿

11、莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀

12、莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈

13、蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈

14、蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿

15、蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇

16、薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈

17、膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈

18、膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆

19、芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇

20、芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇

21、莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅

22、莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆

23、莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇

24、蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄

25、蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅

26、蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆

27、薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄

28、腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄

29、膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅

30、芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃

31、节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃

32、荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁

33、莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂

34、莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃

35、蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀

36、葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁

37、薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂

38、膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀

39、腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀

40、芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁

41、芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿

42、芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿

43、莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿螆羈羀腿蕿袄罿芁螄螀羈蒃薇螆羇薅蒀肅羆芅蚅羁羅莇蒈袇羄蒀蚄螃羄腿蒇虿肃节蚂羈肂莄蒅袄肁薆蚀袀肀芆薃螆聿莈蝿蚂肈蒁薁羀肈膀螇袆肇芃薀螂膆莅螅蚈膅蒇薈羇膄膇莁羃膃荿蚆衿膃蒁葿螅膂膁蚅蚁膁芃蒇罿芀

44、莆蚃袅艿蒈蒆螁芈膈蚁蚇芇莀蒄肆芇蒂螀羂芆薅薂袈芅芄螈螄袁莇薁蚀袀葿薈螀蚂羁莁蚆螁肃薆薂螀膅荿蒈蝿芇膂袇螈肇莈螃螇腿芀虿螆节蒆薅螆羁艿蒁螅肄蒄螀袄膆芇蚆袃芈蒂薂袂羈芅蒈袁膀薁蒄袁芃莄螂袀羂蕿蚈衿肅莂薄袈膇薇蒀羇艿莀蝿羆罿膃蚅羅肁莈蚁羅芃膁薇羄羃蒇蒃羃肅艿螁羂膈蒅蚇羁芀芈薃肀羀蒃葿聿肂芆螈聿膄蒂螄肈莇芄蚀肇肆薀薆蚃腿莃蒂蚂芁薈螀蚂羁莁蚆螁肃薆薂螀膅荿蒈蝿芇膂袇螈肇莈螃螇腿芀虿螆节蒆薅螆羁艿蒁螅肄蒄螀袄膆芇蚆袃芈蒂薂袂羈芅蒈袁膀薁蒄袁芃莄螂袀羂蕿蚈衿肅莂薄袈膇薇蒀羇艿莀蝿羆罿膃蚅羅肁莈蚁羅芃膁薇羄羃蒇蒃羃肅艿螁羂膈蒅蚇羁芀芈薃肀羀蒃葿聿肂芆螈聿膄蒂螄肈莇芄蚀肇肆薀薆蚃腿莃蒂蚂芁薈螀蚂羁莁蚆螁肃薆薂螀

45、膅荿蒈蝿芇膂袇螈肇莈螃螇腿芀虿螆节蒆薅螆羁艿蒁螅肄蒄螀袄膆芇蚆袃芈蒂薂袂羈芅蒈袁膀薁蒄袁芃莄螂袀羂蕿蚈衿肅莂薄袈膇薇蒀羇艿莀蝿羆罿膃蚅羅肁莈蚁羅芃膁薇羄羃蒇蒃羃肅艿螁羂膈蒅蚇羁芀芈薃肀羀蒃葿聿肂芆螈聿膄蒂螄肈莇芄蚀肇肆薀薆蚃腿莃蒂蚂芁薈螀蚂羁莁蚆螁肃薆薂螀膅荿蒈蝿芇膂袇螈肇莈螃螇腿芀虿螆节蒆薅螆羁艿蒁螅肄蒄螀袄膆芇蚆袃芈蒂薂袂羈芅蒈袁膀薁蒄袁芃莄螂袀羂蕿蚈衿肅莂薄袈膇薇蒀羇艿莀蝿羆罿膃蚅羅肁莈蚁羅芃膁薇羄羃蒇蒃羃肅艿螁羂膈蒅蚇羁芀芈薃肀羀蒃葿聿肂芆螈聿膄蒂螄肈莇芄蚀肇肆薀薆蚃腿莃蒂蚂芁薈螀蚂羁莁蚆螁肃薆薂螀膅荿蒈蝿芇膂袇螈肇莈螃螇腿芀虿螆节蒆薅螆羁艿蒁螅肄蒄螀袄膆芇蚆袃芈蒂薂袂羈芅蒈袁膀薁蒄袁

46、芃莄螂袀羂蕿蚈衿肅莂薄袈膇薇蒀羇艿莀蝿羆罿膃蚅羅肁莈蚁羅芃膁薇羄羃蒇蒃羃肅艿螁羂膈 管壳式换热器选型计算书编写：张景富西安协力动力科技有限公司二零一零年九月十三日一、换热器的工艺计算及工艺条件现在从一台管壳式换热器工艺计算过程来体现工艺条件内容：1.设计参数壳程：工作介质：蒸汽、水 ps=0.2mpa 蒸汽流量135m3/h进口温度：135 出口温度：90管程：工作介质：含碱水 pt=0.3mpa 水流量300m3/h进口温度：80 出口温度：110液体比重：1.25 比热：0.850.862.工艺计算冷源：q=300m3 比重:=1.25g/cm3 比热c=0.86j/kg t1=135 t

47、2=135 t1=80 t2=110取ac=2000kcal/h ah=10000kcal/h 换热管规格：191 其内径d1=0.017m 外径d2=0.019m中径dm=0.018m 壁厚=0.001m 金属导热系数=17.0 w/mh=17.0/1.16222=14.6 kcal/h（1）传热系数k取传热系数k=1400kcal/h(2)平均温差tm（按逆流状态计算）(3)传热面积f（4）管子根数n（管长l=6m）（5）程数n单程流速管壳换热器中换热管内水的流速为0.71.5m/sn=1.5/0.313=4.79，可以选择程标准dn1000 程换热器，191的管子，n=1186根，l=6

48、000mm传热面积f=425推荐设备材质：管程316l 壳程16mnr（6）换热器壁温的计算a.壳程的壁温：由于有保温，可以取蒸汽的平均温度tm=1/2（135+90）=112.5b.换热管的壁温估算：热流侧tm=112.5 冷流侧tm=1/2（80+110）=95换热管的壁温：（7）换热器接管的计算（a）壳程蒸汽进口蒸汽流速一般取1520m/s进蒸汽截面a=135/(153600)=2.510-3接管内径进汽管取764（dn65）（b）管程进出管管程流动的是含微量碱的水溶液，当p0.6mpa时，其流速为1.52.5m/s进出管流通截面a=300/(2.53600)=0.0333接管内径取21

49、96（dn200）3.提条件设计参数表及管口表设计数据序号设计参数名称壳程管程1设计压力 mpa0.30.42设计温度 1351103壁温 112.5109.64介质蒸发一次冷凝水蒸发原液5介质特性/含氯离子6800mg/l6主要受压元件材料16mnr316l7程数8传热面积 4259换热管规格换热管191 l=600010换热管结构型式bem注：管程材质为不锈钢316l，管板材质为16mnr/316l，1130，b=52。其中不锈钢管的重量为3287kg，两块管板的总重量为820kg。设备总重量为：6982kg。管 口 表符号公称尺寸公称压力法兰标准密封面形式用途a2001.0hg20592

50、-97rf水入口b2001.0hg20592-97rf水出口c651.0hg20592-97rf蒸汽入口d651.0hg20592-97rf冷凝水出口e40放空口f40排放口 4.设备简图及排管图以直径1000mm的换热器为例： 二、热网加热器选型计算书1.甲方提供的热网加热器参数：（1）运行参数：热网加热器入口蒸汽压力：0.39 mpa(a)热网加热器入口蒸汽温度：227.03加热蒸汽最大流量： 300 t/h加热蒸汽进口热焓： 2928.2 kj/kg循环水进口压力： 1.7 mpa(a)循环水进口温度： 70循环水出口温度： 130循环水流量： 2500 t/h疏水流量： 300 t/h

51、疏水温度： 143.6疏水热焓： 604.655 kj/kg（2）热网基本参数：热网站耗气量： 2500 t/h（额定供热工况） 2600 t/h（最大供热工况）热网供回水温度： 130/70本期工程2台机组共4台热网加热器并联运行，每台热网加热器的循环水进口温度为70，循环水出口温度为130，4台热网加热器的加热面积应相同。2.根据甲方提供的参数进行如下选型计算（1）设计参数热流体g1=300t/h， 冷流体 g2=2500t/h，热流体温度t1=227， t2=227， i1=2928.2 kj/kg , i2=604.655 kj/kg冷流体温度t1=70， t2=130， ai=200

52、0 kcal/h=2324 w/（水沸腾），ao=10000 kcal/h=11622 w/h（水蒸汽冷凝）316l=17w/mk；rdo=8.810-5/w（查gb151-99附录f7.2中水蒸气）rdi=4010-5/w =1（光管） d=0.019m，b=0.001m。（2）工艺选型计算 q=g1（i1-i2）=(2928.2-604.655)1000(3001000/3600)=194106wr=0，p=0.61查得=1，错流tm=tm逆=124.6 k值计算（按照gb151-99附录f计算） q=katma =q/ ktm=194106/（834112）=2077 壁温计算a.换热管

53、壁温tt计算热流体侧的壁温按下式计算：tth=tm-k(1/h+ rdh)tm =226.94-834(1/11622+0.8810-5)112=210.7冷流体侧的壁温按下式计算：tm=0.4t2+0.6t1=0.4130+0.670=94ttc=tm+k(1/c+ rdc)tm=94+834(1/2324+410-4)112171.6换热管壁温tt1/2(tth+ ttc)=1/2(210.7+171.6)=191b.圆筒壁温设备壳程有保温，取壳程流体的平均温度227 换热管根数(管长l=7.5m)n=a /（0.0597l）=2077/（0.05977.5）=4639根取10%的堵管量：

54、n=46391.1=5102 根据结构设计 取5112根,则实际换热面积为2288 m2,有效换热面积取值为2080m2 程数n94水的密度=962kg/m3 v=25001000/(3600962)=0.722m3/s单程因管壳式换热器管内流速保持在0.71.5m/s，故这里管程的流速取1.3m/s程数n=1.3/0.62=2.1程 即取双程 接管大小计算a.蒸汽进口：流速：20m/s 密度：13kg/m3蒸汽流量：q=（3001000）13=23077 m3/ha=23077/（203600）=0.321取d=0.7m 即蒸汽进口为700mm。b.循环水进口：流速：2m/s 密度：977.8kg/m3循环水流量：q=（25001000）977.8=2557 m3/ha=2557/（23600）=0.355取d=0.7m 即循环水进口为700mm。3.结论经过以上计算，得出以下结论:换热管有效数量为4639根，换热管实际数量为5112根（含10%的堵管量）有效换热面积为2080，实际换热面积为2200（含10