B MGrammar外研选修ModulePPT课件

1、第1页/共69页 parts of these sentences indicate the “time”.The moment I get the money Ill send the ticket.I was just getting into the bath when the telephone rang.He gets more attractive as he gets older.Whenever I go there they seem to be in trouble.Ive been very busy since I came back from holiday.第2页/

2、共69页（1）when, as, while （从属连词） when既可引导持续性动作，又可引导短暂性动作。它可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前或之后。如： When I was a boy, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.（同时） When the lesson was over, we began our writing.（从句动作在前）When I reached the cinema, the film had begun.第3页/共69页as引导持续性动作，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。He hur

3、ried home, looking behind as he walk.I saw your sister as she was getting on the bus yesterday.He sang as he walked.第4页/共69页while指的是“在某一时间里”，“在期间”，从句里的动作必须是持续性的，它也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比。如：While he was in London, he studied music.While we were watching TV, he was writing a composition.第5页/共69页

4、当when, as, while表示“在一段时间里”，主从句的动作同时发生时，可以换用。如：While (When/As) we were discussing, Mr. Smith came in.第6页/共69页*when 可表示“如果”。如：Dont be afraid of asking for help_ it is needed. (2003全国） A. Unless B. since C. although D. when*while可表示“虽然，尽管”。如：1)_ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the go

5、od model will always be in demand.(2004浙江）A. While B. Since C. As D. If第7页/共69页when和while（并列连词） while表示对照的意思；when 表示“这时，突然”1） _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. (2004江苏）江苏） A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless2) He was about to tell me the secret_ someone patted him o

6、n the shoulder. (2002上上海）海） A. as B. until C. while D. when第8页/共69页3) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.(2004北京春）北京春） A. when B. while C. until D. before 4) Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park_she was bitten on the leg by a lion. (2004上海）上海） A. when B. w

7、hile C. since D. before第9页/共69页(2)till和until 如果主句谓语动词是持续动词，通常用肯定式的主句，表示“直到为止”。如： I worked till (until) he came back.第10页/共69页1) A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story.(2003上海） A. when B. unless C. after D. until2) We were told that we should

8、 follow the main road _we reached the central railway station.(2004辽宁） A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever第11页/共69页 如果主句谓语动词是瞬间动词，则用否定式的主句表示“直到才”。如：I didnt go to bed until (till) he came back.3) -Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? -Yes. He had never praised him _ he bec

9、ame one of the top students in his grade.(2003春） A. after B. unless C. until D. when第12页/共69页Not until放在句首表示强调时，主句要到装。4) Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.(1995全国全国)A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt the

10、villagers realize第13页/共69页*如果before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时不能译成“在之前”，而要译成“就”、“才” 等。如：The struggle lasted four years before the North won in the end.He almost knocked me down before he saw me.(3)before “在之前”Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say.第14页/共69页1) Someone ca

11、lled me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _ I could answer the phone. (2000全国）全国） A. as B. since C. until D. before2) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. (2003北京）北京） A. until B. when C. before D. as第15页/共69页3) Scientists say it may be five or six year

12、s_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.(2004福建） A. since B. after C. before D. when4)It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester.(2004天津） A. that B. until C. since D. before第16页/共69页(4) by the time, each time, every time, immediately, the moment, the instant, the min

13、ute, soon after, shortly after都可以作为连词，引导时间状语。如： By the time he was fourteen, he had taught himself advanced mathematics. Each time he came, he would call on me. You must show him in immediately he comes. I recognized him the moment I saw him.第17页/共69页注意：时间状语从句中谓语动词不能用任何一种将来时，只能用现在时和过去时表示将来时。- Did yo

14、u remember to give Mary the money you owed her?- Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. (2001全国春） A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once第18页/共69页 时间状语从句：引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：when, while, as, whenever, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, once,the moment, immediately, no soonerthan, hardlywhen, b

15、y the time, every time, last time等。第19页/共69页The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _ we meet them again. (2007安徽)A. after B. before C. since D. when He was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and return to work. (2007江西) A

16、. when B. before C. since D. that 第20页/共69页 It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ weve actually had that lesson. (2007天津)A. until B. after C. since D. when - Wheres that report?- I brought it to you _you were in Mr. Blacks office yesterday. (2007北京)A. if B. when C. because D. before 第21

17、页/共69页Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back. (2008北京) A. before B. since C. till D. after I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more. (2008辽宁) A. once B. when C. since D. although第22页/共69页There were some chairs left ove

18、r _ everyone had sat down. (2008四川) A. when B. until C. that D. whereNancy enjoyed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. (2008福建) A. that B. which C. when D. where第23页/共69页1. 我一见到他就告诉他这个消息。我一见到他就告诉他这个消息。(as soon as)2. 她一来到教室，就开始读英语。她一来到教室，就开始读英语。(as soon as)Ill tell him the

19、news as soon as I see him.As soon as she came into the classroom, she began to read English.Translate the following sentences by using the words in brackets.Exercises第24页/共69页3. 我刚一到家天就下雨了。我刚一到家天就下雨了。(no sooner than)I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it bega

20、n to rain.第25页/共69页4. 他刚做完试卷，铃声就响了。他刚做完试卷，铃声就响了。(hardly when)He had hardly finished the test when the bell rang.Hardly had he finished the test when the bell rang.第26页/共69页5.5.他一来，你就可立即离开。他一来，你就可立即离开。(immediately)6.6.我一见到你，就认出你来了。我一见到你，就认出你来了。(the moment)You may leave immediately he comes.I recogniz

21、ed you the moment I saw you.第27页/共69页7.7.每次见面，他都向我问候，说每次见面，他都向我问候，说“你好！你好！”(each time / every time)8.8.到到1818岁的时候，她已大学毕业了。岁的时候，她已大学毕业了。(by the time) He greeted with “hello!” each time he saw me.By the time she was 18, she had already graduated from the university.第28页/共69页第29页/共69页Mike said that he

22、would come to school to see me the next day, but he didnt come to school to see me the next day.Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didnt.避免重复避免重复,减少累赘减少累赘EllipsesLook at the following sentences, say which one is better and why.第30页/共69页省略句省略句:为了避免重复为了避免重复, ,省省略句中的一

23、个或几个成分略句中的一个或几个成分, ,这种语法现象称为省略。这种语法现象称为省略。第31页/共69页1. Sorry to have kept you waiting.2. Seen the movie before?Im sorry to have kept you waiting.Have you seen the movie before?连接紧密，结构紧凑连接紧密，结构紧凑强调重点，突出信息强调重点，突出信息Add words which have been left out and rewrite the sentences.第32页/共69页3. John was the win

24、ner in 1994 and Bob in 1998.4. - What did you do yesterday?- Just slept. Nothing else.John was the winner in 1994 and Bob was the winner in 1998.- I just slept. I did nothing else.第33页/共69页简单句中的省略简单句中的省略1. 在对话中- How is your mother today?- (She is ) Much better.2. 在祈使句中（You) Open the door, please.第34

25、页/共69页3. 在感叹句中What a (good) boy (he is)!How (hard) they are working!4. 表示讲话人的意见和看法(It) Sounds fine to me.(Its a) Pity you couldnt come.第35页/共69页5. 提问(Is there) Anything wrong?(Have you) Found the bike?6. 名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺、住宅、教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物At her mothers (house) she passed many happy days.第36页/共69页

26、7. 前面出现过的动词在下文再次出现时可以单纯使用不定式符号toI. -Will you go with me?-Well, Id like to (go with you).II. - Have you ever been to the seaside?- No, we cant afford to (go to the seaside).第37页/共69页并列句中的省略并列句中的省略1. 后面分句中与前面相同的部分常被省略。She was poor but (she was) honest.2. 有时并列句中的省略部分出现在前面的分句中，看完最后一个分句才能掌握全句的完整意义。Mary c

27、an (speak English) and Mary ought to speak English.第38页/共69页惯用的省略结构惯用的省略结构1. 无动词祈使句，无主句祝愿句，这类句子往往用感叹号。If only I could remember his name!2. 固定句型How/What about + n. /pron. /-ing。What about some more milk?3. Why not +省去to的动词不定式。Why not go at once?第39页/共69页复合句中的省略复合句中的省略1. 主句中的省略1)主句的省略多见于句首，多用于口语。(Its

28、a) Pity you couldnt come.2)在对话中答句省去整个主句只用从句。-Shall I go to play?-If you like (you can go to play).第40页/共69页2. 宾语从句中的省略1）由which,when,where,how和why 引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去,只保留引导词。Please pass me one of these books, I dont care which (you pass me).第41页/共69页2)在Im afraid,I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等开头的作答

29、句中，后面跟so 与 not 分别用于肯定或否定宾语时，宾语从句可省去。-Do you think it will rain?-I hope not (that it will not rain).第42页/共69页3. 状语从句中的省略1）状语从句出现在句末时，一般都可以作句尾省略。Coming swimming? You dont have to (coming swimming) if you dont want to (coming swimming) .第43页/共69页2)有时条件从句可以完全省去，只剩下主句。I would have come yesterday (if I ha

30、d wanted to).3)以as, than 引导的比较状语从句可以全部或部分省去。After half an hour, she became quieter (than she had been).第44页/共69页1. The research is so designed that once _nothing can be done to change it. (2002全国)A. begins B. having begunC. beginning D. begun第45页/共69页状语从句中，如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且状语从句的谓语动词中有be动词，从句的主语连同be可

31、一起省略，该类状语从句多为时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等，连词为when, while, though, if, unless, although, as if 等，后面通常接分词、不定式、形容词、名词等。第46页/共69页2. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. (2004湖北)A. the way B. in the way thatC. in the way D. the way which第47页/共69页关系代词在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后可以省略。第48页/共69页3. A computer

32、 does only what thinking people _. (1999上海)A. have it do B. have it doneC. have done it D. having it done第49页/共69页不定式在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listen to, overhear, observe 和使役动词 have, make, let 后作宾语补足语时, 不定式省略to 。 第50页/共69页4. - Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind look

33、ing after my car ? - Not at all. _. (1995全国)A. Ive no time B. Id rather notC. Id like it D. Id be happy to第51页/共69页动词love, mean, want, hate, like, wish, expect, hope，try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem 及be glad (pleased, delighted, happy) to 等后面接不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，只保留to不定式符号。第52页/共69页5. - Yo

34、u havent lost the ticket, have you ? - _. I know its not easy to get another one at the moment. (2004江苏) A. I hope not B. Yes, I have C. I hope so D. Yes, Im afraid so第53页/共69页 替代词so / not用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，代替肯定的名词性从句。可与动词believe , do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think 等及 Im afraid连用

35、。肯定时上列动词都可与so 搭配，否定时hope与guess 只用I hope not 和I guess not 形式，而think ,believe , suppose 等词可有两种否定形式 ，即：I not. 或I dont so.第54页/共69页6. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. ( 1994上海 ) A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will第55页/共69页 在书面语中, 当条件从句有were, had, should 时省略if ,

36、 把它们提至句首, 形成倒装句式。在含有建议、要求、命令等相关的名词性从句用should + V ，should 可以省略。第56页/共69页7. - Lets go and have a good drink tonight. - _ Have you got the first prize in the competition? (2004重庆) A. What for ? B. Thanks a lot . C. Yes, Id like to D. Why not ?第57页/共69页省略在会话中广泛应用，解题时应按照问话或答语的具体内容补充完整, 做好该类题型一是要注意上下文语境，二

37、是要注意常见句式的省略。 第58页/共69页英语中常见句式的省略有：英语中常见句式的省略有：1. It is (that) 强调句式中强调句式中that 部部分省略。分省略。 2. (It is) No wonder ( 难怪难怪)3. (Is there) Anything else ?4. (Youd) Better do5. have some difficulty (in) doing, prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 等词组中等词组中 第59页/共69页8.- Where did you see him last night? - It was in th

38、e hotel _ he stayed.A. where B. thatC. which D. /补全强调句式补全强调句式that 部分：部分： It was in the hotel （where he stayed） that I saw him last night. hotel 后为定语从句。后为定语从句。第60页/共69页1. - Was Martin sorry for what hed done? - _. It was just like him! (2007安徽) A. Never mind B. All right C. Not really D. Not surprisi

39、ngly 2. - We have booked a room for today and tomorrow. -_, sir. (2007全国) A. Im sure B. My pleasure C. Its all right D. Ill check 第61页/共69页3. We all know that, _, the situation will get worse. (2007全国) A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with 第62页/共69页4. -Dad! Toms broken a glass! (2007四川) - _. Accidents will happen. A. No way B. Doesn