最新主谓一致-讲解++练习全

1、精品文档主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意 义一致原则，就近一致原则。1、语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。Tom is a good stude nt.汤姆是个好学生。They ofte n play football on the playgrou nd.他们经常在操场上踢足球。2、 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数 但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。My family are ha

2、v ing lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书 20 美元太贵了。3、就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如：Not only the teacher but also his stude nts like play ing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。二、主谓一致常考题型1、单数名词（代词）/不可数名词作

3、主语时，谓语用单数形式；复数名词（代词）作主语，谓语用复数形式。The desk is Tom s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。Some water is in the bottle.一些水在瓶子里。The stude nts are playi ng football on the playgro und.这些学生正在操场上踢足球。2、 “ a great/ good ma ny+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但“many a+名词”作主语，意义虽为许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。Many a stude nt has bee n to Sha nghai.许多学生至 U过上海。A great m

4、any stude nts in our school go to college in their tee ns.3、more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。More tha n one stude nt has ever bee n to Beiji ng.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。4、表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积、价格，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作 主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：Two mon ths is a long holiday.两个月是一个长假。Twenty pounds isn t so heavy. 2 0 英镑

5、并不太重。Ten miles isn t a long distanee. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。Five minus four is one.5 减 4 等于 1。Five minu tes is eno ugh.Four hun dred francs is a lot of mon ey.5、 each and each ，every and every ;no and no ;many a and many a 等结构由于强调 个体行为，因此谓语动词使用单数。但是each放在并列主语之后作同位语时，谓语动词不受影响。Each boy and each girl has got

6、 a new En glish-Ch in ese dict ion ary.No sound and no voice is heard for a long time .Every man and every woma n is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。We each have our own office.（作 We的同位语）我们各有各的办公室。6、one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。One and a half hours is eno ugh.个半小时足够了。7、从句、不定式、动名词或短语作主语时谓语动词使用单数形式。To see is

7、 to believe眼见为实。Doi ng eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。To say somethi ng is one thing , to do it is ano ther .（to say somethi ng , to do 是不定式）“ How do you do? ” is not a questioruba greeting . （How do you do ? 是句子，作主语）（注意：what引导主语从句时应注意其所指的具体内容来确定谓语的单复数。）What we n eed is more tim

8、e ,while what they n eed are more doctors and medici nes .8、what从句作主语1）一般来说，按照语法一致的原则，谓语动词要用单数形式；2）what从句中动词是并列谓语，表示复数意义，主句中的谓语动词用复数；What he said and what he did are not same.3）what从句作主语，有时候主句的谓语动词与主句的表语一致。如果主句的表语是复数，主句谓 语动词用复数，否则用单数。What we lack today is steel and con crete.What they have done is c

9、on sidered useful to the people.What the man said un der the oath was disputed by several other wit nesses.What I am in n eed of is mon ey.What he wants to get are some books.9、定语从句中的主谓一致1）一般情况下，关系代词作从句主语时，从句谓语动词应和先行词在数上保持一致；2）集体名词作先行词，被视作一个整体时，关系代词用which，从句谓语动词用单数；被视作若干个体的组合时，用who作关系代词，谓语动词用复数；常见的集

10、体名词有：family, audienee, class, club, gover nment, union, staff, team, couple, committee, crow, firm, public, orchestra, compa ny等。3）先行词是“ one of +复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数。如果先行词是“ the right/ just the/ the only/ the very/ exactly the+ one of+复数名词”时，谓语动词用单数。4）强调句型中，形式主语it后总是接单数is/ was ;强调主语时，从句谓语动词与被强调主语部分的数 保持

11、一致。She is the on ly one of the stude nts who was praised.It is not I but Mr. Gree n who is in charge of this compa ny.I, who am your sin cere frie nd, have n ever doubted the reas on why you were late for my party. Each one of us who is now living in this city is destined to witness the remarkable O

12、lympic Games.10、 当主语由“ all/ some/ any/ enough/ most/ percent/ half+ of+名词”构成时，谓语动词的数与名词 的数保持一致。当all/ some/ any/ enough/ most/ percent/ half单独作为主语时，根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的数。All are prese nt and all is going on well. ” our teacher said.One fouth of the books have bee n sold out.Three fourths of the apple has

13、 gone bad.Three foutths of the surface of the earth is covered with the sea.Those are mi ne, the rest are yours.All but one were here just now. All that I want to say is this.11、a/an+单数名词+or two作主语，谓语动词用单数。A stude nt or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。12、当主语部分含有 with，together with ，along with，as

14、 well as，besides，except，but， like 等介 词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式；但名词+as well as+名词时，谓语动词一般应与第一个名 词一致。Mike with his father has bee n to En gla nd.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike,like his brother,enjoys playi ng football迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。The stude nts as well as the teacher were prese nt at the meeti ng.13、 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般

15、用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+a nd+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。The writer and teacher is comi ng.那位作家兼教师来了。（作家和教师指同一个人）The writer and the teacher are comi ng.作家和老师来了。（作家和老师是两个人）The headmaster and Party secretary is going abroad n ext month .Bread an

16、d butter is my usual breakfast .14、 people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family,class,group,team 等集体名词作 主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。People here are very frie ndly.这儿的人很友好。His family isn t large.他家的人不多。My family all like watchi ng TV.我们一家人都喜欢看电视。15、either , neither , each , one , the other , a

17、nother , anybody , anyone , anything , somebody ,some one , someth ing , everyth ing ,everybody , every one ,no one , no thi ng ,n obody做主语时，谓语一般用单数。Neither of the two senten ces is correct .Everythi ng around us is matter .Is every one here today. 今天大家至 U齐了吗？ Somethi ng is wrong with him. 他有毛病。 Nob

18、ody was in.没有人在家。(注意：none , neither, all ,any作主语时，谓语可用单数，也可用复数，具体取决于说话人的意思。)None of them own s/ow n a car .Neither of the boys are / is in terested in geography.All are here. And all that can be done has bee n done.Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不正确。16、 news, music, equipment, luggage, information,

19、 furniture, advice, progress等不可数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。The n ews is disappo in ti ng that a chemical works is to be built in the west of the city .17、 以-s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics等，No n ews is good n ews.没有消息就是好消息。Maths is very popular in our class在我们班数学很受欢迎。18、由bothand连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词

20、用复数形式；由 or, either or；neithernor,not only but also notbut连接两个名词或代词作主语时， 根据就近原 则决定谓语动词形式。Either my wife or I am going. 要么我去，要么我妻子去。Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.要么你，要么我,要么其他任何人知道答案。Not only you but also he is ready to leave.不仅你，而且他也准备离去。如果either, each, neither作主语，则动词为单数形式。Each

21、of us has his likes and dislikes.Neither of the books is very in teresti ng.19、 如果主语是由kind/ series/ sort/ type/ pile of +名词”构成时，谓语动词的数与修饰名词的kind, series, sort, type, pile 等的数保持一致。因此，a series of, a kind of, a portion of+ 等+名词”构成时， 动词一般用单数形式。但是，当主语由“名词+of this kind (sort, type等)构成时，谓语动词的数与名词的数保持一致。A s

22、eries of pre-recorded taps has bee n prepared for Ian guage laboratory use.20、a variety of, a number of +名词复数，动词要用复数形式；.而the number of +复数名词作主语， 谓语动词用单数。On exhibiti on there are a great variety of con sumer goods.The nu mber of the stude nts is over eight houn dred21、以here，there开关的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动

23、词通常与临近的主语一致There is a book and three pens on the desk.Here are some books and paper for you.22、“majority/ portion/ part/ percentage/ the rest/ 分数/ 百分数 +of + 名词”做主语时，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词的数保持一致。如果中心词是one，后跟由in, out of, of引导的介词短语，谓语动词用单数。The rest of the magaz ines were sold out within half an hour.Only 10 pe

24、rce nt of the stude nts in the class are League members.精品文档精品文档About 40% of Jim Sin come goes to the rent.23、the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad.The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。24、表示前后照应关系的词组，如 the above, the below, the former, the latter, the follow

25、i ng, the rest等，应根据其所指对象来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。The follow ing are some n ewly-published popular magaz in es.25、 “a great deal of/ a lot of/ lots of/ plenty of/ a little of/ a large amount of/ a large quantity of等+不可数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数。但是，“quantities of/ amounts of+名词”做主语，谓语动词用复数。Large qua ntities of water have

26、bee n polluted.A great deal of time is spe nt trying to match young people to a suitable foster carer. 但是“ Lots of +不可数名词”做主语，谓语动词根据water来定，因为lots不是名词。Lots of water has bee n polluted.26、both, few, a few, several, many, others 等做主语，谓语动词用复数。She has two sons, both are clever.Some are sleep ing, some a

27、re play ing, others are study ing.27、 one, another, little, a little, either, much等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。I have two pens, one is black, the other is blue.Little is done to finish the work.28、such作主语，谓语动词根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的数。Such was Albert Ein ste in, a simple man of great achieveme nts. Such were his words.29、

28、 savings, belongings, taxes, earnings, leavings, wages等作主语，谓语动词用复数。His wages have gone up. 他涨工资了。Are these your bel on gi ngs?这些是你的东西吗？More taxes are to be paid from n ext mon th.下个月就要多缴纳税款了。Those taxes are paid the day before the tran sfer of own ership.30、表示加减乘除的句式，谓语动词用单数。What is 12 minus 10?What

29、 is one plus four? It s five.31、 不可数名词前如果有表示数量的复数名词作定语，谓语动词用复数。如：“ millio ns of tons of/hundreds of boxes of+ 不可数名词”。32、由and连接两个或两个以上的不定式或动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数；Sayi ng and doi ng are two thin gs.谚说是一回事，做又是一回事。Bringing about peace and con solidati ng it are two differe nt thin gs. 和平实现与和平巩固是两件事。33、表示抽象意义

30、的动词不定式、分词、名词从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Writi ng the stories and poems is what I enjoy most.Gett ing to other pla nets or to the moon invo Ives many problems.34、population作主语，谓语动词的数根据意义而定。The populati on of the earth is in creas ing fast. One third of the populatio n her are workers.35、由疑问副词并列构成的主语从句，不管疑问词有多少，谓语

31、动词一律用单数。When and where to build the new factory has not bee n decided yet.36、在主谓倒装句子中，有两个或两个以上的主语并列存在时，谓语动词的数应与其最靠近的主语保持一致。There are three books, a pen on the desk.三、肯定与否定一致：下列形容词、副词、代词从肯定句变成否定句时须作相应的变化。Weve had some (mon ey). We have nt had any(mon ey).I was talk ing to some one. I was nt talki ng

32、to anyone.They sometimes visit us. They rarely (n ever, seldom)visit us.精品文档He has arrived already. f He has nt arrived yet.Li is coming too. f Li isnt coming either.Both of us are going. f Neither of us are going.He likes both of them. f He does nt like either of them. 注意：so/neither+助动词+名词/代词结构中须用倒

33、装语序。My wife like classic music very much and so do I.She does nt like jazz and n either do I.主谓一致专项练习题一1. Either Jane or Steve nwatch ing TV now.A. wereB. isC. wasD. are2. Two dayseno ugh for me to finish the work, I n eed a third day.A. isn t B. isC. are t D. are3. How many less ons do you usually

34、haver a day?Six less ons a day. And each of the n45 mi nu tes.A. lastB. lastsC. haveD. are4. Neither Lip ing nor Ia basketball player.A. amB. isC. beD. are5. Theremany new words in less on on e,It is very easy.A. isB. aren t C. isn tD. are6. The nu mber of the stude nts in our school1200.A. isB. are

35、C. hasD. have7. Mathsmy favourite subject.A. beB. isC. amD. are8. The boy with the two dogswhe n the earthquake rocked the city.A. were sleep ingB. is sleep ingC. was sleep ingD. are sleep ing9. Every one except Tom and Joh nthere whe n the meeti ng bega n.A. areB. isC. wereD. was10. That place is n

36、ot in terest ing at all,of us wants to go there.A. NeitherB. BothC. AllD. Some11. Nobody but Janethe secret.A. know B. knows C. have know D. is12. What s on the plate? some eggs and cakes on it?Theresome eggs and cakes on it.A. is B. are C. was D. were13. This pair of glassesmine.A. are B. be C. is

37、D. will be14. Both Lily and Lucyto the party yesterday.A. i nvitedB. was in vited C. had in vitedD. were in virted15. Two mon thsquite a long time.Yes, I m afraid that hwill miss lots of his lessons.A. is B. are C. was D. were16. I n the city the oldA. take good care ofC. is take n good care ofB. ar

38、e take n good care ofD. are bee n take n good care of17. His familyall very ki nd and frien dly, His familya happy one.A. are,isB. is,isC. are,areD. is,are18. The sin ger and the dan cercome to Beiji ng.A. has B. haveC. areD. is19. The childre n in this class eachnew school bag.精品文档D. are hav ingA.

39、haveB. hasC. has got20. All but onehere just now.A. isB. wasC. has bee nD. were21. If Bobs wife wont agree to go on holiday in wi nter,D. he wont n eitherA.n either he will B. n either wont he C. n either will he22. I have nt fini shed my homeworked yet,.A. so has he B. Neither he has C. He has too

40、D. He has nt either23. “ Im going to visit the Lu Gou Bridge tomorrow. ” ” “A. I am soB. So am IC. So go ID. So I goD. has able to teach my daughter to sing En glish songs.D. am24. You as well as he to blame(责备)for the accident (交通事故).A. are B. is C. have25. Neither my wife nor I myselfA. has bee nB

41、. is C. are主谓一致练习题参考答案(6).A(7).B(8). C (9). D (10). A (11).B(12).B(13).C(1).B(2). A (3). B (4). A (5).B(14).D (15).A(16).B(17) .A (18).B(19).A(20) D (21).C(22). D (23). B (24). A (25). D主谓一致练习题二1. The oldwell looked after by the gover nment in China.A. is B. areC. has bee n D. was2. The secretary an

42、d man agervery busy now.A. is B. areC. was D. were3. Both the secretary and the man ageragreed to atte nd the meeti ng.A. has B. haveC. are D. was4. Tom as well as two of his classmatesin vited to the party.A. wasB. were C. have bee n D. had bee n5. Either you or Igoing to the teachers office after

43、class.A. am B. is C. are D. will6. Most of his spare timespe nt in readi ng.A. are B. were C. was D. have bee n7. This is one of the best no vels thatappeared this year.A.have bee n B. has C. had bee nD. have8. Ten thousa nd dollarsquite a large sum.A.are B. is C. were D. have9. About 20 perce nt of

44、 the workdone yesterday.A. are B. is C. were D. was10. Mr Smith ， together with his children ，arrived.A.are B. has C. is D. have11. ItI wholeav ing for London.A.is is B. am is C. is am D. am am12. Not on ly Tom but also his wifefond of watchi ng televisio n.A. are B. were C. be D. is13. When and whe

45、re to build the new factoryA. is not decided B. are not decidedyet.C. has not decided14. Although the first part of the book is easyA. are difficult B. has proved difficult15. That they were wrong in these matters _A. is B. was C. are D. werethe rest.C. is supposed difficultnow clear to us all.D. ha

46、ve not decidedD. have bee n found difficult精品文档16. Half of his goodsstole n the other day.A. are B. were C. is D. was精品文档17. Mathematicsthe Ian guage of scie nee.A. are B. are going to beC. is D. is to be18. Each of the stude ntsa Chin ese-E nglish dicti on ary.A. haveB. has C. there is D. there are

47、19. They eacha beautiful han dkerchief.A. haveB. hasC. there is D. there are20. Betwee n the two rows of treesthe teach ing buildi ng.A. sta ndB. sta ndsC. sta ndingD. are21. This pair of shoesmade in Nanjing.A.is B. are C. have bee nD. had bee n22. No one except my pare ntsany thi ng about it.A. kn

48、ow B. knows C. is knowing D. have known23. A nu mber of stude ntsfrom the south.A. are B. is C. have D. has24. The nu mber of stude nts from the n orthsmall.A.are B. is C. have D. has25. Writi ng stories and articleswhat I enjoy most ,A.is B. are C. was D. were26. His “Selected Poems ” first publish

49、ed in 1965.A.were B. was C. has bee nD. are27. Miss Smith is a friend of.A. Mary s mother B. Mary s mother C. Mother s of Mary D. Mary mother s28. A good deal of moneyspe nt on books.A. have B. has C. have bee n D. has bee n29. On the walltwo large portraits.A. hangs B. hang C. han ged D. hanging30.

50、 turn gree n in spri ng.A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves31. Father went to his doctor forabout his heart trouble.A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices32. All but onehere just now.A. is B. was C. has bee n D. were33. The number of people invitedfifty , but a number of themabsent for dif

51、ferent reasons.A. were ； was B. was ； was C. was ； were D. were ； were34. The air in big citiesvery dirty by factories.A. are ofte n madeB. is ofte n madeC. have ofte n made D. has ofte n made35. Nobodyto smoke in the cin ema.A. allows B. allow C. is allowed D. are allowed36. The Chin ese peoplehard

52、-work ing and brave.A. are B. is C. has bee n D. are being37. can be donebee n done.A. All ； have B. All that ； haveC. All ； has D. All that ； has38. Joh n has two brothers , but eitherout of work now.A. areB. isC. hasD. have39. The policethe murderer everywhere whe n he sudde nly appeared in a thea

53、tre.A. is searchi ng forB. were searchi ng forC. are searchi ng for D. were search ing40. Apples of this ki nd.A. tastes good B. tastes well C. taste good D. taste well41. Your trousersdirty , you must havewashed.A. is ； it B. are ； it C. are ； them D. is ； them精品文档精品文档42. Whererubbish , there are f

54、lies.D. there hasA. there are B. there is C. isD. are ； five43. The Olympic Gamesheld everyyears.A.is ； four B. are ； four C. is ； five44. Many a mancome to help us.A. have B. has C. is D. are45. He is the only one of the stude nts whoelected.A. are B. haveC. has D. is46. Three-fourths of the homewo

55、rktoday.A. has fini shed B. has bee n fini shedC. have fini shedD. have bee n fini shed47. Those whoincompositi ons, please hand them in this after noon.A. hasn t handqd his B. haven t handqd theirC. has handed ； theirD. have handed ； his48. Jane is one of the best stude nts in her class whoby their

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