虚拟语气(2)grammar课件

1、 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。假设的时间而顶。If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.2.

2、假设条件虚拟倒装。假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中有条件从句中有should， were， had三个三个助动词助动词可以把可以把if省略，并将省略，并将这三个词提至句首。这三个词提至句首。If I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up.If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficult

3、ies.If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we do?Should there be a flood, what should we do?2.use otherwise, or and phrases beginning with with, without and but for to replace an if-clau

4、se in implied conditionals Without air , there would be no living things. But for your help , I couldnt have done it. I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them. (If I hadnt been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) I would have finished the work, but I was ill. (

5、If I hadnt been ill, I would have finished the work.)(If there were not air)(If it hadnt been for your help)3.In adverbial clauses introduced by even if, as if, as though and if only we can use unreal conditionals.即使生了病，他也去办公室。 Even if he had been ill, he would have gone to his office. 他那样对待我，好像我是陌生

6、人似的。 He treated me as if I were a stranger. 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 虚拟语气特殊句型：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wish/if only 现在：过去：未来：did（were）had donewould /could do 1.I wish I were a bird.（现在）（现在）2.I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.3.I wish our parents wouldnt punish us

7、. I wish I could escape the punishment. If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母明年能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们的父母明年能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us next year!If only I hadnt missed the train! 2. would rather 现在：过去

8、：未来：I would rather you told me now. I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.diddidhad done3.Its (high) time +that should dodid你该走了。你该走了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.4.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。1.宾语从句。常见动词：宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命一

9、个坚持，两个命令，四个建议，四个要求。即令，四个建议，四个要求。即1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose, recommend4. demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词气用法。即从句中的动词 使用使用should + 动动词原形，或者将词原形，或者将should省略。省略。我们建议我们建议Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施

10、死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should )be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。从

11、句中的动词形式一样。拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, proposal, demand, request, desiredesireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory

12、should be closed down.注意：注意： 如如suggest, insist不表示不表示建议建议 或或坚坚持要某人做某事时持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明暗示、表明、坚持认为坚持认为时，宾语从句用时，宾语从句用陈述语气陈述语气。1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the rules.2.He insisted that she_(be)seriously ill and that _(send) to hospital at once.3.He suggested that we_(

13、have) a meeting at once.4.His pale face suggested that he_(be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas5. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important / essential+ that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（拟，即（should）+动词原形动词原形It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come

14、to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.1.(NMET 06)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday.A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened2. (05江苏)-Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? -I agree, but the problem is _he has refused to. A.

15、 will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what3. (05湖北)If I _plan to do anything I wanted to, Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A. would B. could C. had to D. ought toI. Multiple choice: （1-12)1. We demanded that w

16、e _ of any change in the plan. A. informed B. would be informed C. be informed D. had been informed2. Its necessary that he _ a recognized qualification. A. has B.have C. had D. having3. Its high time we _ our attention to this problem. A. turned B. turn C. had turned D. would turn4. If only you _ h

17、im what I said! Everything would have been all right. A. didnt told B. hadnt told C. would not tell D. would have not told5. He must have had an accident, or he_ here then. A. would have been B. had been C. should have been D. could be6. Much labour would have been saved if the electronic computers_

18、 before. A. had invented B. were invented C. should have been invented D. had been invented7. _ cease advertising, prices would be significantly reduced. A. Were they to B. Could they C. If they D. Would they8. Five minutes earlier, and we _ the last bus. A. had caught B. should have caught C. could

19、 have caught D. caught9. You _ the clothes! We have a washerwoman to do that sort of thing. A. shouldnt have washed B. mustnt have washed C. can not have washed D. neednt have washed10. Jean doesnt want to work right away because she thinks that if she _ a job ,she probably wouldnt be able to see he

20、r friends very often. A. has to get B. were to get C. had got D. could have got12. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _ after 11 oclock at night. A. were not played B. not to play C. not be played D. did not play13. You dont have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _

21、on business first. A. would go B. will go C. went D. have gone14. It is important that enough money _ to fund the project. A. be collected B. must be collected C. was collected D. can be collected15. If only the committee _ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible. A. approve B.

22、will approve C. can approve D. would approve15. If only the committee _ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible. A. approve B. will approve C. can approve D. would approve17. You _ her in her office last Friday; shes been out of town for two weeks. A. neednt have seen B. must ha

23、ve seen C. might have seen D. cant have seen18. We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we _ him. A. would have telephoned B. must have telephoned C. would telephone D. had telephoned19. It is recommended that the project _ until all the preparations have been made. A. is not started B. will n

24、ot be started C. not be started D. is not to be started20. I wish I _ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept21. I _ her to the party but I didnt know her well. A. ought have invited B. would have invited C. should in

25、vite D. may have invited22. You _ to town to see the film last week. It will be on TV tomorrow. A. neednt go B. should not go C. had better not go D. neednt have gone21. I _ her to the party but I didnt know her well. A. ought have invited B. would have invited C. should invite D. may have invited22

26、. You _ to town to see the film last week. It will be on TV tomorrow. A. neednt go B. should not go C. had better not go D. neednt have gone23.- Would you have called her up had it been possible? -Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. Was B. were C. had been D. would be24. It was essential that the application forms _back before the deadline A. must be sent B. would be sent C. be sent D. were sent25. It is impo