2021届高考英语二轮专题训练第三篇第二部分题型应对策略第5讲概要写作课件

1、第5讲概要写作【典例】【典例】(2019浙江浙江6月高考月高考)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。词左右的内容概要。parents everywhere praise their kids. jenn berman, author of the a to z guide to raising happy and confident kids, says, “weve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago, when parents tended to be more strict. ”

2、 by giving kids a lot of praise, parents think theyre building their childrens confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. too much praise can技法探究技法探究素养提升素养提升backfire and, when given in a way thats insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to

3、 stay on top where their parents praise has put them. still, dont go too far in the other direction. not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. kids will feel like theyre not good enough or that you dont care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accom

4、plishments. so what is the right amount of praise? experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. if praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “we should especially re

5、cognize our childrens efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal, ” says donahue, author of parenting without fear: letting go of worry and focusing on what really matters. “one thing to remember is that its the process not the end product that matters. ” your son may not be the best

6、 basketball player on his team. but if hes out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish

7、a book report. but whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it._ _【审题谋篇】【审题谋篇】审体裁审体裁: 议论文议论文审时态审时态: 一般现在时一般现在时审人称审人称: 第三人称第三人称审要点审要点: 第一段主旨第一段主旨: 过度表扬对孩子不好过度表扬对孩子不好第二段主旨第二段主旨: 表扬孩子太少也不利于孩子表扬孩子太少也不利于孩子第

8、三段主旨第三段主旨: 表扬要真诚、关注过程而非结果表扬要真诚、关注过程而非结果第四段主旨第四段主旨: 要表扬孩子的努力要表扬孩子的努力, 不必太关注结果不必太关注结果【要点盘点】【要点盘点】 1. 第一段主旨第一段主旨过度表扬对孩子不好过度表扬对孩子不好_. 2. 第二段主旨第二段主旨表扬孩子太少也不利于孩子的成长表扬孩子太少也不利于孩子的成长too little praise also _. 3. 第三段主旨第三段主旨表扬要真诚、关注过程而非结果表扬要真诚、关注过程而非结果when they give praise, parents should be sincere and _ inste

9、ad of the result. 4. 第四段主旨第四段主旨: 要表扬孩子的努力要表扬孩子的努力, 不必太关注结果不必太关注结果parents should _. too much praise is bad for childrendoes harm to childrenconcentrate on theprocesspraise children for their efforts, regardless of the result【我来升级】【我来升级】 词句靓化词句靓化1. 用用have a . . . effect on改写句改写句too much praise _. 2. 用

10、多种方式用多种方式, 升级句子档次升级句子档次用评注性状语用评注性状语similarly丰富句丰富句层级并完善内容层级并完善内容_. has a negative effect on childrensimilarly, too little praise also does harm to the development of children用状语从句的省略改写句用状语从句的省略改写句_, parents should be sincere and concentrate on the process instead of the result. 3. 用用what引导的主语从句改写句引导

11、的主语从句改写句_childrens efforts, regardless of the result. when giving praisewhat parents should praise is【五档满分范文】【五档满分范文】 how to praise our kids is really a sensitive problem. too much praise has a negative effect on them. (要点一要点一) similarly, too little praise also does harm to the development of childr

12、en. (要点二要点二) when giving praise, parents should be sincere and concentrate on the process instead of the result. (要点三要点三) therefore, what parents should praise is childrens proper efforts, regardless of the result. (要点四要点四)【阅卷老师点评】【阅卷老师点评】1. 写作时过于关注原文中的细节写作时过于关注原文中的细节, 概括性不强。概括性不强。 2. 概要内容的主次不分明概要内容

13、的主次不分明, 与原文不一致。与原文不一致。3. 概括的要点只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子概括的要点只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子, 缺少要点之间的衔接。缺少要点之间的衔接。4. 照搬原文的句子照搬原文的句子, 不能用自己的话语表达。不能用自己的话语表达。【技法点金】【技法点金】 1.1.概要写作选材特点及考查角度概要写作选材特点及考查角度选材选材特点特点(1)(1)所需阅读的短文词数在所需阅读的短文词数在350350以内以内; ; (2)(2)所选材料体裁没有限制所选材料体裁没有限制, , 以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。考查考查角度角度(1)(1)对原文要点的理

14、解和呈现情况对原文要点的理解和呈现情况(2)(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性应用语法结构和词汇的准确性(3)(3)上下文的连贯性上下文的连贯性(4)(4)文章中要点信息的概括转换合适的语言表述出来。文章中要点信息的概括转换合适的语言表述出来。2. 写作步骤写作步骤(1)读懂原文读懂原文, 抓住段落主题句。在阅读过程中抓住段落主题句。在阅读过程中, 需要准确把握文章的段落大意需要准确把握文章的段落大意, 学会剔除非重要信息学会剔除非重要信息, 弄清楚不同体裁的文章的内部逻辑关系以及文章的篇章弄清楚不同体裁的文章的内部逻辑关系以及文章的篇章结构。结构。(2)组织语言组织语言, 转换表达。在找到主题

15、句明确全文中心的基础上转换表达。在找到主题句明确全文中心的基础上, 组织好语言组织好语言, 注重语言表达的独立性和准确性以及高级性注重语言表达的独立性和准确性以及高级性, 不全盘照抄原文句子不全盘照抄原文句子, 尽量用自尽量用自己的语言转换表达己的语言转换表达, 同时要注意篇幅的比例安排同时要注意篇幅的比例安排, 用较多的文字去表达重要的用较多的文字去表达重要的内容。内容。(3)通读全文通读全文, 逻辑连贯。要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接逻辑连贯。要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接, 用恰用恰当的关联词去连贯全文。当的关联词去连贯全文。(4)核对词数核对词数, 看是否符合规定的

16、词数要求。看是否符合规定的词数要求。passage 1 (2019宁波二模宁波二模)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。词左右的内容概要。 nowadays, it is most probable that you have an electronic device loaded with hundreds or even thousands of your favourite songs. at any moment, you can fill your headphones with the sounds of a particular so

17、ng that suits your mood at that exact time. 新题精练新题精练素养应用素养应用 music is so common. but have you realized the power of it? are you getting ready for a big soccer match or do you need to get excited? maybe some hip-hop with a strong beat will do the trick! besides, you might be ready to study for a big

18、exam the next day. to help you study better, a little bit of mozart might make you remember things better. we may all have been moved by particular songs that spoke to us in some situations. but is there any scientific evidence showing that music really has such effect on people? of course, there is

19、! scientists have long recognized the power of music. over the years, many studies have been done to examine in greater depth the nature and extent of the effects music has on people. scientists at the university of missouri have found that listening to music can have positive effects on your mood.

20、their research gives scientific credibility to the behavior that many people have already experienced on their own: listening to upbeat music can brighten your day and boost your mood. other studies have shown that upbeat music isnt the only type of music that can be helpful, however. when people ar

21、e sad or have suffered a sense of loss, sad music can be helpful because the tone and lyrics of the music can resonate with the listeners. likewise, people under a lot of stress or experiencing upsetting situations can benefit from listening to angry music. although angry music might not help you if

22、 youre in a normal mood, its tone can benefit you when you are dealing with stressful and upsetting situations. _ _ _ _ _【参考范文】【参考范文】nowadays, with modern devices, music to your taste is easily accessible. (要点要点1) with its power, music might benefit you in many ways. (要点要点2) scientists have research

23、ed into the nature and extent of musics effects on humans. (要点要点3) scientists at the university of missouri have proven upbeat music can cheer you up. (要点要点4) besides, sad music and angry music have also been found to be helpful. (要点要点5)passage 2 (2019温州二模温州二模)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概

24、要。词左右的内容概要。 for many high school students, giving an in-class presentation is an approach to their growth. teachers will call up students, one by one, to present their work in front of the class, and, though it is often tense, many people say it has helped turn them into more confident public speake

25、rs. some educators also credit it with building leadership skills and increasing students confidence and understanding of materials. but in the past few years, students have started calling for an end to in-class presentations as they show discrimination against those with anxiety. this week, a twee

26、t posted by a 15-year-old high school student declaring “stop forcing students to present in front of the class and give them a choice not to” received more than 130, 000 retweets and nearly half a million likes. in fact, being a high schooler nowadays is more stressful than ever. students are burde

27、ned with extra hours of homework. they stay up every night till 1: 00 a. m. finishing homework on their third red bull. anxiety is increasing at a faster rate than depression (抑郁抑郁) as the leading mental-health issue affecting teenagers, a recent study in the journal of developmental and behavioral

28、pediatrics found. these students want more options. they say that every student has unique strengths and that they should be allowed to present their work in ways that are different to those strengths. this might mean presenting alone in front of the teacher, or choosing between several alternatives

29、 like producing a piece of art or an essay for private judgment instead of presenting their work orally. educators have begun to take it seriously. they agree teachers should listen to students and hear their voices and respond. if students feelings are ignored, they might just walk away. however, n

30、ot everyone is convinced. some hold the view that pushing students out of comfort zones is a big part of what they should do as some students are deathly afraid to do it. _ _ _【参考范文】【参考范文】 giving an in-class presentation is generally considered beneficial to students development. (要点要点1) however, in

31、 the past few years, students have started calling for an end to it due to the possible discrimination against those with anxiety, which puts great pressure on the students. (要点要点2)they say that every student has unique strengths and should be allowed to present their work in their ways. (要点要点3)thei

32、r idea has drawn educators serious attention. (要点要点4)passage 3(2019绍兴一模绍兴一模)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。词左右的内容概要。 as is known, if we are united, no one can defeat us. but if we constantly have conflicts or misunderstandings, we may attract outsiders to have an advantage over us, which m

33、ay ultimately result in our failure. unity is the source of strength and people who are united have the capability to tackle any kind of situation as they share each others burdens and hardships. in olden days, man lived alone. he travelled and hunted all by himself, which sometimes gave opportuniti

34、es to fierce animals to attack and kill him. then he realized that if he joined hands with other hunters, he would be able to face some common danger and challenges. this is how villages got formed, which later got developed into towns and cities. in the sports ground, be it cricket, football, baseb

35、all, basketball or any other kinds of sport, a united team and an appropriate strategy may result in the success of the team; but if there is a conflict or an unhealthy competition or unnecessary misunderstanding among the team members, they may invite the opponents to take advantage of their shortc

36、omings and win the game. likewise, if the members of a family stay together and support each other in every phase of life, no outsider can harm the family. there was once an old man who lived in a village with his three sons. the sons always fought with each other and would not pay any attention to

37、their father. the man fell sick and assumed that he would die soon, he was very worried about the idea that once he died, people would take advantage of his sons conflicts. he called all his sons and asked them to break a bundle of sticks, one by one. none of them could do it. he then untied the bun

38、dle and gave each stick to each one of them asking them to break it, which they could very easily accomplish. he then told his sons that they should stay like the bundle of sticks so that no one can break them, but if they keep on fighting, they will be broken by the outsiders easily. _ _ _ _ _【参考范文

39、】【参考范文】 it is well known that united we stand and divided we fall. (要点要点1)in ancient times, hunters made joint efforts to cope with danger and challenges, thus villages formed and later developed into towns and cities. (要点要点2)surely, unity has a great significance in peoples liveswhether in the spor

40、ts ground or in a family. (要点要点3)the dying mans story of sticks also shows the importance of unity. (要点要点4)passage 4(2019金华一模金华一模)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。词左右的内容概要。 the familiar yellow school bus is the largest system of mass transportation in the us and every school day transports r

41、oughly 25 million young people to school and home again after the school day ends. meanwhile, it is the safest method for getting kids to and from school, according to the national highway traffic safety administration (nhtsa). children are 70 times more likely to arrive at school safely on the scho

42、ol bus than if they had traveled to school driving themselves or riding with friends. these school buses meet more of the nations motor vehicle safety standards than any other vehicles on the road. also, several new technologies available today are making school buses even safer, such as video camer

43、as on the inside and outside, stop arm cameras, gps tracking and collision lessening systems. another safety tool on school buses is high seat backs, closely-spaced seats and energy-absorbing seats. but even the safeness of school buses would not completely sum up why children are safer when riding

44、the big yellow bus. the bus is only as safe as the professional men and women who drive them. all drivers must obtain a class b or c commercial drivers license (cdl). they are randomly tested for alcohol and drugs, usually have their driving record checked, and are given the same review of criminal

45、history as teachers and other employees who have contact with students. in order to serve as a school bus driver, most applicants are required to successfully complete a training course, along with instruction in the classroom and behind the wheel. school buses are safe for the environment, not only

46、 because each bus replaces 36 passenger cars that would, but for the buses, be on the road taking and picking up school children. additionally, school buses use alternative green fuels like natural gas and electric power. todd monteferrario, president of the national school transportation associatio

47、n, said parents should remember that the safest and smartest choice is to put their children on the big yellow bus when they can. _ _【参考范文】【参考范文】 the school bus is the safest and wisest choice to go to school in the us. (要点要点1)firstly, school buses not only meet high vehicle safety standards but als

48、o are technologically equipped. (要点要点2) secondly, the bus drivers have to pass strict qualification tests and successfully finish safety driving training. (要点要点3)thirdly, school buses powered by green fuels are environmentally safe by reducing the number of private cars on the road. (要点要点4)therefore

49、 children are encouraged to go to school on a school bus. (要点要点5)【加固训练】【加固训练】(2019杭州二模杭州二模)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。词左右的内容概要。 workaholics live for their work, often spending many extra hours at work, and often taking work home to complete it. its fine to live in a work-hard culture,

50、but when work becomes the only reason for a persons existence above more important things (such as family and friends), the issue becomes critical. thats the problem more and more americans are faced with. americans are working more hours per week than in years past, and with many companies reducing

51、 employees, more and more workers are worried about their own jobs. some studies show that as many as 40 percent of american workers dont even bother to take vacations, partly because of fears that they may not have a job to come back to if they do. besides, it is obvious that part of the matter is

52、financial. more and more people begin to define success in terms of financial measures. the higher ones income is, the more respect one gets. finally, people nowadays live and work in a connectedenvironment-e-mails, instant messaging, fax machines, and cellphones-making it hard for them to truly get

53、 time away from their work, even when they are on holiday. when work becomes the only thing people think about and the only thing that truly makes people happy, many americans find that they are no longer close to their kids. the divorce rate jumps and serious stress-related health problems come up.

54、 undoubtedly, it is time to do something. to reduce workaholism, you must stay away from work once in a while. there are many ways to do that: spend time with family and friends; call home often to stay connected; learn to say no to new assignments; consider exercises to get your body back to a heal

55、thy shape; fight the urge that everything you do must be perfect. it will take some effort, but for yourself and those you love, you really should make the effort. have a try and you wont regret it. _【参考范文】【参考范文】 an increasing number of americans are becoming workaholics. (要点要点1) they work extra hou

56、rs to maintain their jobs and become financially successful. even on holiday, modern communication technologies always connect them to work. (要点要点2)consequently, it damages their families as well as their health. (要点要点3) luckily, there is a lot one can do to prevent it from getting worse, which may

57、take some effort, but its worthwhile to have a try. (要点要点4)专题能力提升练专题能力提升练 二十七二十七限时限时25分钟分钟/篇篇1(2020威海二模威海二模) 假定你是李华假定你是李华, 正与你校英国交换生正与你校英国交换生eric一起参加一起参加“规范英文标识规范英文标识(identifying and correcting mistranslations)”系列志愿活动系列志愿活动, 请你写一封邮件请你写一封邮件, 告知他下一次活动安排。内容包括告知他下一次活动安排。内容包括: 1. 活动时间、地点活动时间、地点; 2. 活动内容活

58、动内容; 专题能力提升练专题能力提升练3. 相关准备。相关准备。注意注意: 1. 词数词数80左右左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。以使行文连贯。_ _ _ _ _【参考范文】【参考范文】dear eric, we intend to continue with the project of identifying and correcting mistranslations as planned. im writing to tell you about the coming activity. having edited the mistranslations

59、 collected, we are expected to sort them out. it involves analyzing reasons for the mistakes and getting ready for the presentation. scheduled from 8: 00 am to 11: 00 am, the volunteering will becarried out at our school library. please do remember to bring your laptop so that we can make a ppt, whi

60、ch will help clearly present the outcome. contact me if you have any questions. yours, li hua2(2020稽阳二模稽阳二模) 假定你是李华假定你是李华, 最近最近, 你在英语学习上遇到一些困难。请给你的英国朋友你在英语学习上遇到一些困难。请给你的英国朋友alex 写一封邮件写一封邮件, 向他求助。内容包括向他求助。内容包括: 1. 你的困难你的困难; 2. 寻求帮助。寻求帮助。注意注意: 1. 词数词数80左右左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。以使行文连贯。_ _ _ _