pets 2级作文指导2017版.docx

1、作文作文大纲该部分由第一、二两节组成，考查考生的书面表达能力。第一节：要求考生根据题目要求，将所给对话（200词左右）改写为一篇80词左右的短文。短文与对话相关内容意义相符，涵盖其要点。要求考生用自己的语言表达，可改写对话中的句子，但不可照抄原句。短文为记叙文或说明文。第二节：要求考生根据所给情景，写一篇80词左右的信函、便签等。情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等；提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。第一节写作 改写对话例.阅读下面的对话，根据其内容写一篇有关背包客backpackers的说明文。要求：1.所写短文应与对话相关内容意义相符，涵盖其要点。2.用你自己的语言来表达，可以改写对话

2、中的句子，但不可以照抄原句。注意：词数80词左右。Tom：I know you travel a lot.Have you ever met any backpackers?Alice：Yes，I have.Tom：Some tourists call themselves backpackers while others dont.But what exactly is a backpacker?Alice：It just means people who travel around in a backpack.I used to do that when l was younger.Tom

3、：Really?Are backpackers all young people?Alice：N0，they are of different ages，old and young，male and female.But the majority of them are young people.They would like to go out and see the world before they go to college，or settle down.Tom：Some backpackers think they are somehow different from other t

4、ourists.They would say，“Im not a tourist，Im a traveler”，0r“Im not a tourist，Im a backpacker”.What do you think?Alice：Some backpackers strongly identify themselves as a community other than tourists，and think they are better than tourists in some way.They would go to a place and only talk to other ba

5、ckpackers.But Im not really sure I can agree with that.Tom：which country are backpackers from，the United States?Alice：They are of different nationality.But people in some countries，say，Canada，do love to travel beRer.Tom：Well，good luck with your next travel!Alice：Thanks!参考答案：第一节改写对话Generally speaking

6、, backpackers are tourists travelling with a backpack. There are backpackers of different ages and,different countries. And young people makes up the majority because they have a strong sense of curiosity about the world and would like to see more. Some of them have a strong sense of community and s

7、ee themselves as different from other tourists. Some even look down upon other tourists and tend to communicate inside their own group while travelling, but this is not true of all backpackers.写作指导本对话讨论的是背包客“backpackers”。在理解对话的基础上，要学会提取、归纳并将原文的相关信息重新表达出来。最好先简单下个定义，然后根据对话中谈到的背包客的年龄、性别、国家进行简单描述。最后再将对话

8、中提到的背包客的特点提出来，即他们希望将自己区别于其他游客。一. 对话改写技巧：（说明文）1. 先确定定义2. 再根据对话中涉及到有关定义对象（如背包客这个名字）的特点，比如，性别，年龄，国家等进行描述。3. 对文中出现的其他特点进行描述时注意动词的形式。 I You We They 都用动词原形 like hate eat drink 等He She It 都改写 likes has hates 等4. 描述一个名词（博物馆介绍， 背包客介绍）时态一般用一般现在时（见模13等） 5. 不要遗漏相关重要信息，不要添加不在文章出现自己描述的语句，在不理解文中意思进行改写时，可以将逻辑顺序变换一下

9、，调整原文结构，利用 so that， since， however， otherwise等关联词。二. 记叙文1. 对总的事件进行简单描述。（事件 地点 人物）2. 再根据对话中涉及到有关详细事件情况和相关的人物等进行描述，一般记叙文的主要事项：事件或事件发生的来龙去脉，情节，背景，原因及解决办法。3. 描述一件过去发生的事情一般都用过去时态（见模拟卷2）4. 同上面第5条写作第二节（一）书写要点1确定写作内容由于二级的作文相对比较简单，所以写作内容的确定也就相对比较容易。只要考生抓住题目当中的有用信息就不会跑题。在阅读题目指示时，要开动脑筋，首先找出包含在情景和任务中的几点信息（通常为四点

10、）,根据这些信息来安排内容，确定主题，动手写作。 2控制字数 二级考试其试卷中明确规定作文的字数为80个单词左右，大纲中的评分标准中提到只要内容紧扣情景和任务中已给出的信息，不写与主题无关的话，每一个要点用一句话表述清楚。 3保持卷面整洁 大纲中的评分标准中明确指出“如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。”所以，在书写的过程中，最好先打腹稿，以免下笔后再涂改，造成卷面的脏乱。平时也要养成良好的书写习惯。否则，因为书写问题而降低作文的档次，就很可惜了。 4检查 写完后，还需要以读者和阅卷人的眼光，将文章审读一遍，找出在写作过程中产生的一些问题，如单词的拼写错误、词组搭配错误和句子的语法结

11、构错误等，以及写出的东西是否达到了题目的要求，是否表达出了自己想要表达的内容。 例题1：Tom来北京跟你一起度暑假，住在你家。今天下午，你有事外出。出门时，他还在睡觉。 任务：请你用英语给他写一张80字左右的便条。告诉他： 在家里可以干什么； 你中午何时回来； 提醒他下午有何安排。 该题除了“在家里可以干什么。你中午何时回来。提醒他下午有何安排。”这三点之外，还要加上一点，即今天上午，你有事外出。这一点包含在情景当中。 下面给出该题的范文： Dear Tom, I have to go out this morning.(交代了今天上午，你有事外出。)You can read some sto

12、ry books or walk around the area.(告诉了他在家里可以干什么。)Ill come back at about 11:30.(说明你中午何时回来。)After dinner, well go to the Beijing Zoo.(提醒他下午有何安排。)XX（二）实用文体1.英文信函在写信时注意以下几点：a.地址要由小到大。b.朋友间的信函无需加上写信人地址和收信人地址。c.称呼语用Dear+姓（正式），Dear+名（朋友间）。非常随便的信件可直呼其名。d.结尾语或结束语可根据实际情况用：Looking forward to hearing from you.Lo

13、oking forward to seeing you.（With）best wishesregards！All the best！Good Luck！Give my best wishesregards to！e.落款也分正式与非正式两种：正式：“Yours sincerely，”、“Yours faithfully， ”或“Sincerely yours，”、“Faithfully yours. ”非正式，朋友间等：“Love， ”或者“Yours ever， ”f.签名也视写信人与收信人的关系而定，一般与称呼一致。如称呼用名，写信人的签名也用名。g.写信时间可用月、日、年格式或年、月、日

14、格式。英文信函按其功用不同又可分为邀请信，对邀请信的复信，感谢信，介绍信，求职信等等，下面分别举例说明。（1）邀请信写邀请信要用上一些发出邀请的短语和句型：CanCould you come to？We would be very happy if you could join us.It would be very nice to see you here with us.（2）复信在接到邀请后，可以回信接受或拒绝。不管是否接受，都要先表示感谢邀请。若接受，应表明自己很高兴参加该项活动；若拒绝，要婉转地拒绝并写出拒绝原因。最后还要祝愿活动成功。在拒绝邀请时要使用婉转的语言，可用下列表达方式：

15、Id love to come，but I cant becauseIm terribly sorry I cannot come tofor Im goingIm afraid I will not be able tobecause（3）感谢信感谢信可分为感谢馈赠、款待、送行、探病、帮助等。写感谢信一定要先交待为何要感谢对方。（4）（自我）介绍信写介绍信时，先写出写介绍信的目的，然后再开始介绍年龄学习（工作）、生活、爱好等，结尾写上作者的希望及感情。介绍情况时，用过去时介绍以前的事情，用现在时介绍目前的事。（5）求职信写作要领：a.求职信属公务函体，格式用词都较正规。b.信的内容一般分三部

16、分：写信目的，自我介绍和要求。c.写信目的直接了当在信的开始就提出来。如，从报纸上或广告中了解到您单位招聘什么职务的人员，自己认为适合做这项工作，愿意应聘等。d.自我介绍主要介绍自己的学历，工作经验，工作能力等。行文措词上要表现出自信、恳切的态度，语言要简明扼要，突出介绍自己的优点，与众不同的特长或有利条件。当然，还要紧扣用人单位的要求，巧用词语，自我推销。e.最后提出进一步联系的途径，如会面时间，地点或资历咨询等，主动提出接受面试或考核。2.英文便条便条格式与书信类似，但称呼不用加客套语dear，除非对年长者，结尾直接署上自己的名字。请假条也属便条范围。3.英文通知a.通知内容与便条相似。通

17、知形式有书面通知和口头通知，写通知时只要将通知内容按层次有步骤地交待清楚便行。如果通知事项不止一件，可用first，second，third，then等词将事件一一列出。b.口头通知：口头通知开头可用：Dear Parents（开家长会时可用）Fellow students/Boys and girlsLadies and gentlemen然后再写上May I have your attention，please？ I have an announcement to make.Heres an announcement，please listen to me.Attention please

18、.Following is an announcement.结束语：Thats all.Thank you.4.讲演、致辞a.讲演有几种形式，如发表演说，导游介绍，内容包括提供或传递信息。这类文章一般分三步写：招呼听众，简略介绍所要讲的问题；陈述基本情况；最后作结束语。5.启事a.启事有遗失启事和招领启事。b.遗失启事Lost作标题放在启事的上方正中。在Lost的右下角写出遗失启事的时间。启事正文包括遗失物品遗失时间、地点，以及若有人发现，遗失物品应送交的人和地点。启事正文右方写上失主姓名。c.招领启事以Found作为标题放在启事上方正中。在Found的右下角处写上招领启事的时间。启事的正文包

19、括招领物品、拾物时间、地点，及丢失者认领失物的地点。启事正文的右下角写上登启事的单位。（三）熟悉英语中的五种基本句型，并时常用基础词汇造句。五种基本句型：主语+连系动词+表语e.g. She is a student. 她是个学生。The cup is on the desk. 茶杯在桌上。The orange tastes good. 这个橘子尝起来味道很好。主语+谓语e.g. They run every morning. 他们每天早上都跑步。We work hard. 我们努力工作。She goes on foot. 她步行去。注：这里的谓语动词是不及物动词，不带宾语。 主语+谓语+宾语

20、e.g. She has had her breakfast. 她已经吃完了她的早餐。That wolf ate a sheep. 那匹狼吃掉了一头绵羊。We will have an English evening. 我们将开一个英语晚会。 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（有些及物动词可以接两个宾语。一般情况下，都是人为间接宾语，事物为直接宾语。间接宾语一般都放在直接宾语的前面；如果直接宾语在前的话，则直接宾语和间接宾语之间往往需要用to 或 for 相连接。e.g. Mary gives me a pen. （Mary gives a pen to me.）玛丽给我一支笔。I bought

21、 my mother some flowers.（ I bought some flowers for my mother.） 我给我妈妈买了一些花。They sent him a letter. （They sent a letter to him.）他们给他寄了一份信。 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（英语中有些及物动词的直接宾语后面就要求加一个补足语，只有这样句子的意思才能够完整。在语法上，我们常将宾语和它的宾语补足语合在一起叫复合宾语，他们在逻辑上有主谓关系。）e.g. Johnson wanted me to come back. 约翰逊想我回来。Well make our homet

22、own more beautiful. 我们将能使我们的家乡更美丽。My classmates all elected me our monitor.我的同班同学都选举我当我们班的班长。（四）九类书信格式范文1. Notice(注意时间！)July 28, 2008Our company will have a meeting about energy program, in the Meeting Hall of Office Building, at2:00, August 7th, Thursday afternoon. All of department heads will take

23、 part in it, as well as some laborer representatives, At the meeting, each participant is required to hand in a written proposal and then give a personal speech to come up with ideas or suggestions for the energy program and future development of our company.The Manager Office Notice(注意时间！)July 3, 2

24、008Our school has decided to hold the Volunteers Pledge-making Campaign in the basketball court in the gym at2:30p.m. On July 5th .every volunteer must be present to his campaign in the uniform. We are requested to make a vow to contribute to the Olympic. The president of our school will also attend

25、ed the campaign and will give a speech .Finally, there will be songs for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games sung by all the Volunteers. Every volunteer must be on time on that dayxx university2 邀请信 invitation(注意时间！)July 28, 2008Dear Mr.ChapmanOn behalf of the Board Of Dalian Daxin Chemicals Corporation,

26、 I am extending to you our formal invitation to visit our corporation on its tenth anniversary to be celebrated from August1 to3. At the same time we plan to arrange a meeting between you and the general manager of DDCC, for a talk about our cooperation in the coming year.We hope you will accept our

27、 invitation and look forward to seeing you in china.Yours faithfully,Wang Xia3.征文Dear friends，I am li Hua, I will soon graduate from university and I have made up my mind to go to England to further my education, before going to England, I hope to find a languages partner to practice me oral English

28、. And a foreign student whose native language is English as my partner is preferred it is better that he or she has some teaching experience, so that I can learn some other knowledge while practicing English.In return, I can teach him or her Chinese. I have a lot of Chinese learning and teaching exp

29、erienceI hope that we can exchange experience and learn from each other early reply is appreciated.Yours faithfully,Wang Xia4.申请信Dear sir，I am Wang Xia, a junior majoring in computer science, Next Summer I will graduate. I wish to go to the United States for further studies .Three reasons can explai

30、n my choice, firstly, it is vital for me to get an advanced education or training in my major .secondly ,I will learn new language with which I can refer to technical literature. Thirdly I will know the culture, by seeing the world, I will widen my horizon.If you consider me a viable candidate for y

31、our graduate program, please send me the appropriate forms to apply for admission. I will appreciate your reply at you earliest convenienceYours faithfully,Wang Xia5.留言条Dear Dave，I came here to invite to you visit the Exhibition of Chinese paintings, but you happened to be out. The exhibition is fro

32、m the 8th to 18th this month(表示时间维持的表达方式) in the Art Museum and famous paintings through the ages will be exhibited there. It will be very attractive, if it is convenience, Ill pick you up at your home at8 Oclock on the 8th of this month.Please contact me with a call as soon as possible.Yours faithf

33、ully,Wang Xia6.推荐信Dear Mr. BrownId like to introduce my friend to you, Mr. Wang Lin, who is going to apply for a position in your firm.He graduated from college three years ago and has worked as a lawyer ever since, he is good at English, he works hard and is careful in everything. He is honest, kind and easy to get on well with. He lives at No.148 Renmin Road,Chongqing City.(地点表达方式)His telephone number ishe shows great interested in your firm. If he is accepted,