沪教版七下Unit6讲义加练习

1、沪教版七（下）unit 6 electricity一、词组归纳1. 转化,变成 change into2. 戏弄某人 trick sb3. 最后at last4. 看上去很傻 look foolish5. 流经 flow through6. 某种程度上 in a way7. 被连接到电缆上be connected to cables8. 电灯泡 a light bulb9. 挠头 scratch ones head10. 不同形式的能量different forms of energy11. 发电站a power station12. 一包a packet of13. 成/几包的in pack

2、ets14. 整理好tidy up=clean up15. 关（灯，电器等）switch off=turn off16. 开（灯，电器等）switch on=turn on17. 与某人分享某物share sth with sb18. 准时on time19. 由组成be made up of20.为提供provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth21. 在乎，关心care about二短语1.小心对待;谨慎处理 be careful withthese glasses are very expensive, so he is very careful with

3、 them. 2.（使）连接；联结 connecttoconnect the hose（软管） to the tap and turn on the tap.被连接到be connected to the hose is connected to the tap. 3.发电厂;发电站 the power station he took us to see the power station they built.4.关(电灯,机器) turn/switch offplease switch the light off before leaving the room.in order to sa

4、ve electricity, please turn off/ switch off all the lights when you leave the room.5. 打开(电灯,机器) turn/switch onplease turn/switch on the light, its getting dark.6. 转化,变成 change intothey eat different kinds of food which change into energy.人们吃的各种各样的食物都转化为能量。8. 戏弄某人 trick sb9. 最后at last at last, i have

5、 made some progress.最后，我取得了一些进步。10. 看上去很傻 look foolish i know many people do not want to look foolish.我知道很多人都不想被人看作愚笨。11. 流经 flow throughthe life principle will flow through.“生命的法则”总是不断流动的。12. 某种意义上 in a wayin a way, it could make your life easier. 在某种程度上，他能令你的生活更轻松。13. 电灯泡 a light bulb14. 挠头 scratc

6、h ones head15. 不同形式的能量different forms of energy三 句子1. im going to buy a packet of sweets.a packet of 一袋。其后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词用来表示数量。不可数名词没有复数形式，在表示数量时，常用“a+单位量词+of+不可数名词”结构。a+单位量词+of+不可数名词a piece of meat; a piece of paper; a glass of apple juice; a bag of milka +单位量词+of+可数名词复数a basket of eggs; a bag of a

7、pples数词+单位量词+of+不可数名词two glasses of water; three cups of tea数词+单位量词+of+可数名词复数two packets of sweets ; three bags of pencils 2. it is like water, in a wayit a way 在某种程度上in a way, you are right. 在某种程度上,你是对的.与way的相关短语:in the way 妨碍;挡道his hobby sometimes gets in the way of his studies. 有时他的爱好妨碍了他的学业.on t

8、he way 在途中;在路中he is on the way to school now. 他现在在上学的途中.by the way 顺便问一下 by the way, who is tom? 顺便问一下,谁是汤姆?all the way 一直he studies hare all the way. 他学习一直很努力. 3. electricity comes into our flat through thin wires. 电通过细电线进入我们的公寓.come into 进入之内water comes into our houses through pipes. 4. these are

9、connected to cables under the streetconnect 连接 常用结构: be connected to sth. 连接到 ; connect sth. to/with 把和连接起来.turn on your computer and connect it to the internet.the railway line connects wuhan to shanghai. 5. a moment later, daisy came back. (1)moment 可数名词,意为”瞬间;片刻” id like to talk to you for a mome

10、nt. 与moment相关的短语: a moment ago 刚刚;刚才he was here a moment ago. at the moment 现在;此刻he is at home at the moment.wait a moment 等一会儿wait a moment, please.(2) later 副词,意为”后来;以后”6. batteries provide toy cars with provide sb. with sth. 供应给某人某物= provide sth. for sb. the sun provides us with light and heat. 7

11、. .speak as many languages as lo. 说和lo一样多的语言. “as many + 复数名词+as ” 意为”和一样多的” i have as many books as you. 我和你有一样多的书.“as much +不可数名词+as” 意为”和一样多的” my brother drinks as much milk as i every day. 8. share cups with others 与别人合用杯子 share sth. with sb. 与某人合用/分享某物 lucy shares a bedroom with lily. 露西和莉莉合用一间

12、卧室.9. keep the outside of the pot dry. 让锅的外表保持干燥。(1 )“keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词” 意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。(2) keep doing sth. 连续不断地做某事，一直做。强调不断重复的动作。li lei keeps buying books about cars. 李雷不断地买有关车的书。(3) keep sb./ sth. doing sth. 让某人不断地做某事(4) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事we must keep them from getting to kn

13、ow our plans. 我们必须防止他们知道我们的计划。10. because it might start a fire. 因为它可能会引起火灾。might 情态动词，意为“可能，也许”。im afraid it might rain today. 恐怕今天会下雨。11. stand at least one metre away from the microwave when it is on. at least 至少a child must sleep at least eight hours a day. 与least有关的短语：(1) not in the least 一点也不h

14、e is not in the least worried about his future.他一点也不担心他的未来。(2) least of all 最不的 nobody cared, least of all my little brother. 没有人在意，更不用说我的小弟弟了。12. make sure it is microwave safe. 确保它适用于微波炉。make sure 务必，确信单元语法精讲：情态动词一、情态动词的定义: 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 we can be there

15、 on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。 may i have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗？ shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗？ you must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规。 二、情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列: can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) . 三、情态动词的位置: 情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问

16、句中, 情态动词则在主语之前。 i can see you. come here. 我能看见你，过来吧。 he must have been away.他一定走了。 what can i do for you? 你要什么？ how dare you treat us like that！你怎能那样对待我们！ 四、情态动词的特点: 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 not。 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来。 he could be here soon. 他很

17、快就来。 we cant carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 im sorry i cant help you. 对不起，我帮不上你。 五、情态动词的用法: （一）、can的用法：1. (表示能力、功能)能,会the classroom can seat thirty students. 这教室能坐三十位学生。june can drive now. 琼现在会开车了。2. (表示可能性)可能,可能会i think the work can be completed ahead of time. 我认为这项工作能提前完成。3. (表示允许、请求)可以you cant ta

18、ke the book out of the room. 你不可以将这本书拿出室外。can i use your pen? 我可以用一下你的笔吗? 4. (表示命令)必须if you wont keep quiet you can get out. 你如不保持安静,就请你走。5. (表示偶然发生的可能性)有时会it can be quite windy there, especially in spring. 那里有时容易刮风,特别在春季。6. (表示惊讶)究竟;竟至于what can it possibly be? 到底那是怎么一回事? （二）、could的用法 can的过去式；（用于虚拟语

19、气，表示与事实相反的设想）能；可以；（表示可能性）可能；（用于婉转语气）能，可以（三）、may的用法1.表示请求和允许，意思是：可以he may come if he likes. 如果他想来，可以来2.表示祝愿，意思是：祝，（但愿）。may the friendship between our two peoples last forever. 祝两国人民的友谊万古长青。3.表示推测，意思是：可能（会），或许（会）。it may rain this evening. youd better take an umbrella. 今晚可能要下雨，你最好带上雨伞。（四）、must的用法1.表“必须

20、”。you must talk to them about their study.你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。2.在否定结构中表不许。you mustnt leave here.你不能离开这儿。3.表坚定的建议。you must come and see us as soon as you get to shanghai.一到上海你得马上来看我们。4.表推测，暗含有很大的可能性，用在肯定句。he must be ill. he looks so pale.他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。注意： may 暗含的可能性较小。must 暗含的可能性较大。否定的猜测用cant the baby

21、 cant be ill. he is so active.那宝宝不大可能是病了。他那么活跃。（五）、might的用法might表示的可能性太小，没有足够的说服力去说服别人。can, could 之间的区别，和 may,might 之间的区别在于，虚拟句和过去时态用后者，表示的可能性比原词小，但大部分时候2者可以互换，不会产生歧义或者对表述造成干扰。（六）、should的用法1. should 作为助动词 shall 的过去式，可以在间接引语中与第一人称主语搭配，表示过去将来时间。2. should 作为情态动词，通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务，译作“应该”、“应当”，这时它可以和 oug

22、ht to， be supposed to 互换使用。例如：you should （= are supposed to ） complete your test in time. 你们应该按时做完你们的实验。3. should 作为情态动词，可以用在条件状语从句中，表示语气较强的假设，译作“万一”、“竟然”，这时也可将 should 置于从句之首，即将 should 放在主语前面，而省略从属连词 if.if it should rain tomorrow， i wouldnt go. （= should it rain tomorrow， i wouldnt go.）万一明天天下雨，我就不去了

23、。（七）、 would的用法1. would是will的过去式，would you like？表示请求、劝说，是很客气的说法。would you like a cup of tea？您愿意喝杯茶吗？2.主语+would like to表示“想要”的意思上，与want to意思一样，但用此句型较客气。i want to ask you a question. 3.最基本的虚拟语气句型: 主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。（八）. ought to的用法ought to 是一个可以加上to 的情态动词其意思与should是一样的,但是ought to 不能用

24、于虚拟语气中表示推测,而should可以 ought to与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should谈的是自己的主观看法，ought to则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。如： we shouldought to help each other and learn from each other in our workshe is your mother, so you ought to support herwe ought to go and see mary tomorrow, but i dont think we will 用 must ，mu

25、stnt， may， may not， can 或cant 填空 this is mrs lees first trip to canada, she _ only speak a little french and a little english, today, she will go the canadian embassy to get visas for the family, she knows she _ forget to take all the familys passports with her or they will not get visas. she _ get

26、there before the embassy clothes dean has just bought three pairs of skis. he is trying, but he _ carry them all at the same time, he wants to take a taxi home, but the taxi wont stop for hin. he _ find a taxi queue if he wants a taxi.一、选择填空1. ( )may i borrow your books?- yes,you. a. may b. can c. m

27、ust d. need2. ( )im getting fatter and fatter now. what should i do, doctor?-youd better eat food and take exercise.a.less;less b.more;more c.more;less d.less;more3. ( )the tv is too noisy, mum! -sorry my dear, i will at once.a.turn it down b.turn it on c.turn it off d.turn it up4. ( )do you know ?a

28、.whose book is this b.whose book this is c.this book is whose d.whos book is5. ( )i my bag in my classroom yesterday afternoon.a.forget b.forgot c.will leave d.left6. ( )they to there at five yesterday afternoon.a.reached b.arrived c.got d.arrived in7. ( )how much the shoes? -five dollars enough.a.i

29、s;is b.is;are c.are;are d.are;is8. ( )look at that man over there. he be our teacher mr.luo?-he be him. he has gone to beijing.a.may;must b.can;may c.can;cant d.may;cant9.( )how is your life? -although that i live ,but i dont feel .a.alone;alone b.lonely;lonely; c.alone;lonely d.lonely;alone10.( ) _

30、 climb that tall tree? a.do you need b.are you need c.need you d.need you to11.( )some warm-hearted animals _ hibernate (冬眠) a.neednt b.does not need to c.neednt to d.dont need 12.( )_i go and apologize to my teacher for my mistake? a. should b.need c.can d. may 13.( )parents must take good care of

31、their children, _they?a.mustnt b.dont c.neednt d.arent 14.( )may i stop my car here,sir? -no,you .a.may not b.mustnt c.cant d.neednt15.( ) i change the bulb now? -no,you may not. you switch off the electricity.a.can;need b.may;must c.must;must d.can;must16.( )john_ come to see us tonight, but he isn

32、t very sure yet. a.may b.can c.has to d.must 17.( )is tom at home now?-he be at home,now.because i his room just now,and he answered.a.must;called b.cant;phone c.may;called d.must;phoned18.( )shall i tell tom something about it? -no,you .a.mustnt b.neednt c.cant d.wont19.( )my mother is ill.so i to

33、look after my little brother.a.must b.may c.have to d.should20.( )im afraid it _rain tonight. a.can b.could c.may be d.might二、选择填空： ( )1.lastsunday,mycousintookmetothezoo.therewesaw_elephant._elephantwasfromafrica. a.a.theb.an.anc.an.thed.the./( )2.haveyouheardoftheaccidentaboutlucyandherfriend? acc

34、ident?no,ihavent.tellmeabout_ a.itb.herc.himd.them( )3._oneevening,eddietookhiswifetoapartyathisfriendshome.theyenjoyedthemselvesverymuch. a.inb.onc.atd./( )4.watercomestoourflats_pipesunderthestreets. a.acrossb.alongc. throughd.over( )5.andywanglooks_today.heislaughingalltheway. a.happyb.happilyc.s

35、add.sadly( )6.therehisnt_foodforeveryonehere,goandbuysomemore,please! a.alittlebafewcenoughdany( )7.you_beabsent-mindedinclass. a.muntstb.wontc.maynotd.needlest( )8._youshowmethewaytothenearestundergroundstation? a.mayb.mustc.cand should( )9.electricity_ourlifeeasier,wemustsaveit. a.makeb.makesc.ism

36、akingd.made( )10.jasonputsomericeinthepotand_thericecooker. a.openedb.switchedonc.closedd.turnedoff( )11.dontwaitformefordinnertonight,i_backuntil10oclock. a.dontcomeb.amnotcomingc.wontcomed.didtcome( )12.“idontthinkitisagoodwaytoworkouttheproblem.”repliedmrwhite.the underlined word replied probably

37、 means_. a.saidb.answeredc.askedd.thought( )13.thereare_syllablesintheword“chemical”. a.twob.threec.fourd.eight( )14. jon:mayihaveapacketofsweets? shopassistant:_ a.no,itisnotyoursb.ok,hereyouarec.thatsagoodidead.whynot?( )15.earthhourstartedin2007in_. a.theusab.chinac.theukd.australia三、用单词的适当形式填空：1

38、 susan, is this dictionary _ or tommys ( you ) ?2 can you tell me what _ is like ? (electric ) 3 its _ of you to buy such a dress. it looks so ugly (fool )4 the remote control doesnt work now. i think we need to change the two _ in it ( battery )5 your room is dirty and _. i think you know what you

39、need to do now ( tidy )四、完形填空electricityelectricity is very dangerous. (1) , it is also very (2) in a way.we (3) see electricity, but we can (4) it into different (5) of energy, （6） movement energy, heat energy, sound energy,light energy and so (7) .electricity is a very great (8) . it changes our l

40、ives. (9) it, our lives will be very （10）.1. ( ) a.or b.and c.but d.so2. ( ) a.hardly b.useful c.beautiful d.difficult3. ( ) a.can b.may c.may not d.cant4. ( ) a.put b.get c. turn d. make5. ( ) a.form b.from c.froms d.forms6. ( ) a.likes b.such as c.for example d.seem7. ( ) a.at b.in c.on d.into8. (

41、 ) a.things b.invention c.job d.discoverment9. ( ) a.own b.with c.no d.without10.( ) a.easy b.beautiful c.difficult d.simple五、阅读理解an electric machinejanes mother was about seventy, so jane and her husband wanted to give the old lady a nice present for her birthday. she liked drinking tea, so jane bo

42、ught a small electric machine for her. it could make tea and then wake people up in the morning. she brought it to her mother on her birthday,and showed her how to use it.before you go to bed,put tea and water in it,”she explained to her mother,”and dont forget to turn on the electricity.when you wa

43、ke up in the morning, your tea will be ready.”after a few days, the old lady telephoned her daughter and said,”jane,there is one thing i dont understand. why do i have to go to bed to make tea? cant i have tea in the afternoon or in the evening?”1.( )on the birthday,janes morther got a machine to .a

44、.make tea for her b.buy tea for her c.wake her up in the morning d.both a and c2.( ) how to use the machine.a.jane told her husband b.jane told her mother c.janes husband told her mother d.janes mother knew3.( )the machine can be used .a.before going to bed b.only in the morning c.both in the aftern

45、oon and evening d.at any time4.( )we need to use an electric machine.a.time b.a telephone c.electricity d.tea5.( )from the passage we know that .a.jane is beautiful b.jane his husband are silly.c.jane is a good daughter d.janes mother is hard-working六用同义词（组）替代句中的划线部分。1“idontthinkitisagoodwaytoworkou

46、ttheproblem.”repliedmrwhite. a.saidb.answeredc.askedd.thought2. dont look so foolish. it is a very easy question.a. silly b. happy c. clever3 .- can i ask you a question? - wait for a moment, im coming.a.a long time b. a short time c. at once4. the boy is like his father.a.likes b. sounds like c. lo

47、oks like5. you neednt finish the work today.a.dont have to b.cant c. mustnt七情景对话（a） 从方框中的六个选项中选出五个合适的选项补全对话。arecycle b. protect c. when d. if e. difficult f. easy a: hi, sue, would you like to help (1)_ the environment? b: id love to, but i dont know what i can do. a: first, you can start by turning off the lights. b: yes, thats (2)_. whats the next? a: second, you can ride a bike. dont take a bus or a taxi (3) _ you dont have to. b: that will save money, too. what else