湖北南漳县2016高考英语阅读理解和单项选择选练(12)答案

1、阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。The Renaissance，considered by modern scholars to have been the time between 1,300 and 1,600，was a period of European history when many new inventions and beliefs came into being.The Renaissance is traced back to rich Italian cities such as Florence，Milan，and

2、Venice.In these cities businessmen started to spend their extra money on things like painting and education，and to consider new techniques of banking and systems of government.A new type of scholar，the humanist(人文主义者)arose.Humanism was concerned with humankind and culture.Latin and Greek，literature

3、and philosophy，music and mathematics were among the subjects humanists studied.The Renaissance gave rise to new forms of painting and sculpture.During the Renaissance，artists were no longer regarded as mere artisans(工匠)Many artists drew on mathematics in order to become more accurate in their measur

4、ements(度量)and to make sure an object was presented in realistic proportions.They also studied the way light hits objects and the ways our eyes perceive it.A new kind of paint，called oil paint，was invented.The Renaissance affected all of the society.Many people became interested in politics，and the w

5、orld outside their towns.They became explorers，businessmen，etc.The effect on religion was especially strong.In the Middle Ages people were primarily concerned with serving the church and getting to heaven.But the increase in arts and education gave people things to look forward to in life，and made t

6、hem lose interest in the church.The Renaissance produced many great minds.Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest，although he was not regarded that way at the time.Among his many works of art were Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.He is also regarded as a great inventor，and is credited for coming up w

7、ith the idea of the helicopter.1. According to the second paragraph，the Renaissance_.Aoccurred all over EuropeBstarted in ItalyCinfluenced art，finance，and physical educationDwas the most popular in Florence答案：B细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The Renaissance is traced back to rich Italian cities such as Florence，Milan

8、 and Venice.”可知，文艺复兴运动始于意大利，所以正确答案为B项。2Which of the followings took place during the Renaissance?APeople stopped going to church.BNew forms of painting emerged.COil paint became very popular.DThe humanists disappeared.答案：B细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The Renaissance gave rise to new forms of painting and sculpture

9、.”及“A new kind of paint，called oil paint，was invented.”可知，油画这种新的绘画形式在文艺复兴时期出现了，所以正确答案为B项。3We can learn from the passage that_.Aduring the Renaissance many explorers and mapmakers appearedBbusinessmen started the RenaissanceC peoples interest in education declinedDthe humanists took power during the

10、Renaissance答案：A细节理解题。根据第三段及第四段的“Many peopole became interested in politics，and the world outside their towns.They became explorers，businessmen，etc.”可知，在文艺复兴时期出现了许多探险家、商人和制图师，所以正确答案为A项。4Which of the following statements about Leonardo da Vinci is NOT true?AHe created The Last Supper.BHe was a great i

11、nventor.CHe was the first to imagine the helicopter.DMany people of his time considered him a genius.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest，although he was not regarded that way at the time.”可知，莱奥纳多达芬奇在他所生活的时代并没有被认为是天才，所以正确答案为D项。5What does the author mainly talk about in this

12、passage?AThe Renaissance in Europe.BThe birthplace of the Renaissance.CThe effects of the Renaissance.DSome famous artists in Europe.答案：C主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了文艺复兴给整个社会所带来的影响，以及这个时期社会上所出现的新现象。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change:Use less

13、 energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or moredoing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets. Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new dietnot to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate chang

14、e. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we dont keep reducing emissions(排放) of carbon dioxide(CO2) and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere. We decided t

15、o try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household(家庭) produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditioning or driving cars. T

16、hats more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce? For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers: How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It

17、Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emis

18、sions by 80 percent, “ he said. Good advice, I thought. Id opened our bedroom windows to let in the wind. Wed gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock. Id almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. Its time for us to change our habits

19、if necessary. 1. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet? A. To take special kinds of food. B. To respond to climate change. C. To lose weight. D. To improve their health. 2. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “”.A. freezing pointsB. burning pointsC. melting pointsD.

20、 boiling points3. It can be inferred from the passage that.A. it is necessary to keep the air-conditioning on all the timeB. it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2C. the average US household produces about 3, 000 pounds of CO2 a monthD. the average European household produces

21、about 1, 000 pounds of CO2 a month4. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A. Saving Energy Starts at HomeB. Changing Our Habits Begins at WorkC. Changing Climate Sounds ReasonableD. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult【参考答案】1-4 BCBA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选

22、项。Across the planet there are millions of people who engage in some type of meditation, the practice of concentrating and clearing the mind to bring the body into a state of peace, at least a semi-regular basis. For some, particularly among practitioners of Eastern religions such as Buddhism and Hin

23、duism, this is part and parcel of their religious practice. For others, particularly in Western cultures, meditation tends to be a response to stress. With the world economy approaching meltdown and people worried about their job or their ability to keep their home, its a way for people to attain a

24、state of peace of mind and well-being. For those interested in taking up the practice, instruction in meditation for beginners can be found in literally thousands of sources. ww w.x kb1.c omOne of the most popular styles of mediation in the West, with classes offered in most major cities, is called

25、Transcendental Meditation. TM, as it is known among its practitioners, first came to worldwide attention when the Beatles began practicing it in 1967. For direct, guided, personal instruction in meditation for the beginner, TM may be the hallmark. Part of the confusion about how to practice meditati

26、on effectively is due to the fact that there are literally hundreds of techniques championed by various groups and individuals. As a general principle, it might be said that all meditation techniques seek to have the practitioner attain a state of consciousness that is different to our ordinary stat

27、e of awareness. They attempt to train people to clear their minds and achieve a sense of inner peace. It sounds simple enough, but of the huge number of people experiment with meditation, very few are able to maintain its practice over the long haul. In most cases, this is due to frustration over th

28、e inability to experience any dramatic, instantly recognizable effects. This is quite a sad state of affairs, that so few these days are willing or equipped to persist in something that doesnt provide immediate life-changing results. It reflects a culture in which demands for discipline and sustaine

29、d effort are considered unnecessary or even unfair. It is no surprise therefore that many people abandon their efforts at meditation before they have a chance to bear fruit. But for anyone who does decide to take up this worthwhile practice, please remember. You must clear your mind, relax and “take

30、 it as it comes”. Maintain the practice with a sense of discipline and devotion, and eventually benefits of inner peace and calm will be yours. 41. The underlined part “part and parcel of” in paragraph 1 is nearest in meaning to _. A. closely associated with B. very different to C. usually sent from

31、 D. an important element of 【答案】D【解析】词义猜测题。因为冥想是宗教练习的一个重要元素。故选D。42. The goal of meditation is _. A. to clear the mind B. to practice a religion C. to develop a technique D. to carry out an experiment 【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由“meditation, the practice of concentrating and clearing the mind to bring the body i

32、nto a state of peace,”可知选A。43. What can we infer about meditation from the passage? A. It has two main types. B. It is practiced by many famous artists. C. Its benefits are not immediately obvious. D. Most people find it a very good way to relax. 【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。由“very few are able to maintain its pr

33、actice over the long haul. In most cases, this is due to frustration over the inability to experience any dramatic, instantly recognizable effects. ”可知冥想的益处不是直接显著的。故选C。44. According to the writer, what has attracted many Western people to meditation practices in recent years? A. Their improved under

34、standing of foreign culture. B. The need to fill in their growing free time. C. Increasing employment instability. D. Migration from countries in which meditation is traditional. 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。由第二段“particularly in Western cultures, meditation tends to be a response to stress. With the world economy

35、 approaching meltdown and people worried about their job or their ability to keep their home,”可知，是职业不稳定性的日益增加，使冥想练习吸引了西方人。故选C。45. Who is the probable audience for this article? A. Experienced meditation practitioners. B. People interested in starting to learn meditation. C. Buddhists and Hindus. D.

36、People who are very religious. 【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由“But for anyone who does decide to take up this worthwhile practice, please remember. You must clear your mind, relax and “take it as it comes”.”可知，这篇文章的读者是那些对开始学习冥想感性趣的人。故选B。2015高考英语（附解析答案）.单项填空1Those who suffer from headache will find they get_ from t

37、his medicine.AreliefBsafetyCdefense Dshelter解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些头痛患者会发现他们会通过这种药减轻疼痛。relief缓解，减轻；safety安全；defense保护；shelter庇护。答案 A2This special school accepts all disabled students，_educational level and background.Aaccording to Bregardless ofCin addition to Din terms of解析 选项A意为“根据”；选项B意为“不顾；抛开不说”；选项C意为

38、“除之外(还有)”；选项D意为“就来说”。根据语境知道，选项B合适。答案 B3As there is less and less coal and oil，scientists are exploring new ways of making use of_ energy，such as sunlight，wind and water for power and fuel.Aprimary BalternativeCinstant Dunique解析 考查形容词词义辨析。语意表示“煤炭与石油”之外的可供替代的能源如阳光、风和水，alternative表示“供替代的；两者择一的”。答案 B4Lo

39、ok at the trouble I am in！If only I _your advice.Afollowed Bwould followChad followed Dshould follow解析 if only表示“如果就好了”，表示与事实相反，条件意味强烈，其谓语动词常用虚拟语气。此句表示过去的动作，须选用过去完成时。答案 C5_ that you are chosen to be monitor of our class，what will you do?AAssumed BTo assumeCAssuming DTo be assumed解析 根据句子结构可知前半部分为状语，a

40、ssuming that表示“假设”。答案 C6Im afraid I have no _ but to ask you to leave school.A substitute BalternativeCopportunity Dobjective解析 alternative在此处是名词“可能的选择”。句意：恐怕我别无选择，只有让你离开学校。答案 B7The bell _ the end of the period rang _ our heated discussion.Aindicating；interrupting Bindicated；interruptingCindicating；interrupted Dindicated；interrupted解析 考查非谓语动词用法。句中谓语为rang；indicating作定语修饰bell；interrupting是现在分词作结果状语。答案 A8A society was set up to _the endangered animal and plant life from dying out in this area.Areserve BpreserveCobserve Ddeserve解析